Kodi bungwe? mabungwe Public. kubweza Corporation

Business ikukula, makampani akuluakulu ambiri, chabwino, amalonda yaing'ono kovuta kuti apulumuke. Kodi iwo - ndi bungweli kuti iwo ali, chabwino kapena choipa - kugwirizanitsa, tiona m'nkhani ino.

Corporation: tanthauzo ndi chikhalidwe

Mu zikhalidwe msika masiku ano ayamba kuzindikira kuti mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi zovuta kukhala wolimba mwa nsombazo ntchito monga zinthu zina mosavuta bwanji ntchito wazamalonda, koma nayenso, kuyatsa chilengedwe njanji sindingakhoze. Choncho, koposa mabungwe ntchito palimodzi ndi kukhala wamphamvu.

Tanthauzo la mawu akuti "bungweli" chatifika kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XIX ndi kukula kwa kupanga. Zikuonekeratu kuti kuyambira pamenepo kusinthidwa ndi maganizo ntchito zothandiza, ndi malonda ambiri.

Kodi Corporation lero? Izi kucheza ndi gulu la zinthu (kwa ife - amalonda) amene kukwaniritsa zolinga zawo khama synergistic. Nkofunika kudziwa kuti mwini ndi ntchito za mabungwe awa si zochitika, kuti ndodo kagwiridwe ka ntchito payokha.

Lero, ulamuliro makampani ndi ambiri anayamba mu mayiko capitalist: Japan, ndi United States ndi Canada.

Kodi n'chiyani?

Mu malamulo atsopano a m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, boma bungweli analola mitundu osiyana, kotero si kuyenera amaona zosiyanasiyana chiphunzitso ambiri amavomereza mayiko a zachuma. Choncho, yofala kwambiri zotsatirazi:

1. Limited udindo Company (LLC). Monga ulamuliro, ndalama udindo m'gulu la mtundu uwu anapanga ndi amene anayambitsa zawozawo, kotero kuti mavuto onse adzanyamula iwo (kwa ofala tsopano akunena kubweza Corporation).
2. Tatseka olowa Stock Company (CJSC). Monga eni protrude ma sheya hoda, ndi kutumiza phindu la mwa iwo okha ndi antchito.
3. Open olowa Stock Company (JSC). The masheya a mtundu anaperekeranji ogwira ntchito ndi muzimvetsera onse, kotero kugula iwo akhoza kukhala aliyense, kuphatikizapo boma, lomwe upezeke mabungwe a boma.
4. Cartel. Kumachitika pamene ophatikizana mabungwe malonda nawo malonda yemweyo.
5. Ndagwira. The bungwe wapangidwa angapo makampani lotsogoleredwa ndi nthambi osiyana, kuti akonze zofunika za ntchito m'malo mwawo.
6. Poole. The gulu la makampani, amene ali osiyana phindu yogawa (tayi).

Ubale mkati bungweli

Monga ulamuliro, ngati mabungwe a bizinesi amaphatikizidwa, iwo amadalira mzake. Ngakhale nthawi zina zimachitika kuti aliyense kampani akuchita ntchito yake yaikulu popanda, ndi lonena benefiti zodziwitsa kwa ma sheya hoda (chitsanzo chotero kubweza bungweli). Koma, koma, pali aligorivimu kugwirizana pakati pa mwini chilli bizinesi:

• kamodzi wodziimira bungwe lalamulo ndi chosakanikirana ndi nthumwi kholo;
• kasamalidwe ndalama amakhala kampani;
• kampani kale restructured;
• ndi Consortium anapanga ndi nthambi.

Control System Corporation

Monga ulamuliro, zokhudza kasamalidwe kugwilira limodzi komanso matupi, chinkhoswe mu ndondomeko zafotokozeredwa malamulo a gulu utangoyamba kumene.

Pankhani CJSC ndi OJSC, olamulidwa ndi mabungwe ofanana ganyu asangalatsi, nkhani chinsinsi anaganiza ndi msonkhano wa ma sheya hoda (mabungwe boma nazo unit mutu komanso ndi oimira wamkulu gawo mphamvu).

Cartels, syndicates, makampani, maiwe ndi zina kucheza chibadidwe anthu capitalist, kusasintha motere:

• Bodi (mapulani njira);
• Officer Executive (amapereka malamulo, kumakhala nawo udindo);
• ndodo ena (zambiri ufumu ofukula).

ubwino mabungwe

Kodi bungwe? Oimira anthu capitalist amati zimenezi ndi mulingo woyenera mawonekedwe ntchito kwa mabungwe a zachuma. Ndipo m'njira zina ali kumanja, chifukwa mbali zabwino pano:

1. Kutheka kuwonjezeka mosalekeza mphamvu kupanga monga nkhawa yaikulu ndi zosavuta kupulumuka mu mpikisano malo ano msika.
2. Finance Corporation - zambiri kukopa kwambiri chifukwa Investor lapansi. Koma pali imabwera amphamvu kuti wogwira likulu yachilendo yopeza ndalama ku kampani, osati pachiswe kupanga amachita ndi Makampani tsiku limodzi.
3. Mayanjano amenewa kawirikawiri yaitali yaitali dongosolo njira chitukuko, zomwe kumlingo kukutsimikizira kudalirika ndi kukhazikika ndalama.
4. Amene amatanthawuza bungweli? ufulu kugawa. Choncho, makamaka kwa ma sheya hoda zambiri yopindulitsa kwambiri kunyamula udindo tsankho kwa ntchito za kampaniyo, osati zonse.

zolakwa

Pamene ndi zina mwa mawonekedwe mtheradi za ntchito ya malonda, makampani pali zinthu zingapo zovuta:

1. Tisaiwale kuti maphunziro awa ntchito za ulamuliro ndi kasamalidwe ikuchitika ndi magulu osiyanasiyana a akuluakulu kuti angachititse zinthu zotsutsana ndi kulephera kuyankha mapemphero a anthu kapena zinthu zina zoipa.
2. misinkhu okwera kwa misonkho. Popeza Attribution kwa chuma cha boma adzakhala ngati kuchuluka kwa phindu ukonde ndipo benefiti.
3. mlingo yaikulu mwayi kuthekera komanso njira Ngopambana akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito molakwa udindo wake. Mwachitsanzo, ngati choncho kampani Sapita bwino, kasamalidwe angasankhe kuti apereke masheya owonjezera, anapeza kuchokera Udzawaphimba kenako anatuluka zomvetsa kale.

Kodi bungwe mu Russia

Mfundo ndi mawonekedwe a akuchita malonda ku Russia lero kotero osiyanasiyana kuti tingapeze zambiri amalonda payekha ndi kampani wamng'ono angoyamba ntchito zawo wambiri ndipo nsombazo wamphamvu mu nkhope ya "Sibneft" ndi "Gazprom".

Ngakhale kuti aliyense wa iwo amayesetsa zolinga zosiyana ndi ali kusiyana yaikulu malipiro ndi malonda mabuku, pali chiwerengero cha mavuto, amene alinso ndi zonse, popanda yekha:

• maximizing ubale kupanga ndi sayansi-luso pakati pa gulu wambiri, ndi Kugawilidwa kwanthaka wokometsedwa udindo akuluakulu lolamulira ndi eni;
• amazilamulira njira moyenera kuwunika ntchito amakampani;
• polalikira kuyang'aniridwa mwachindunji akuluakulu "m'munda";
• mabungwe makamaka lalikulu atanganidwa mu gulu lako ndi malo apadera zachuma, zikugwira ntchito yoyang'anira ntchito panopa chilli ndi bizinesi;
• intercompany asapita malonda akutsatiridwa m'mikhalidwe wapadera.

anapezazo

Kotero, ife anayang'ana pa zimene kampani, kodi mitundu anapeza, amene akuchita ntchito ndipo anaulula zonse ubwino ndi kuipa kwa mtundu umenewu gulu.

Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti mu ulamuliro wathu pambuyo Soviet a zachuma wosanganiza, ndife kutali kwambiri ndi dziko capitalist, ndipo ndife odzipereka kwa ichi? ambiri tsiku limodzi Makampani ndi mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi mapulani pang'ono njira. Koma, koma, ambiri a bizinesi dziko Western amaona mawonekedwe ntchito imeneyi gulu ndi bwino zedi.

Amene amadziwa, mwinamwake mu zaka zochepa, wazamalonda masiku ano kanthu katsalira koma mogwirizana mapangano zikuluzikulu malonda kuti apulumuke masiku ano mpikisano msika, koma tsopano, kuti - amayesetsa bwino.