Izhevsk: anthu, kukula kwake ndi mitundu zikuchokera

Izhevsk, amene anthu zisakuyenda osati okhazikika, komanso kuchuluka pang'ono, mmodzi wa makumi awiri kwambiri ambiri m'mizinda ya dziko. Pa nthawi yomweyo, matabwa ake chikhalidwe, kusintha izo pa zaka makumi awiri zapitazi, kusonyeza zomwe anatsimikiza chitukuko cha chuma, ndale ndi chikhalidwe cha deralo.

Izhevsk - kunyada kwa makampani Russian

Likulu la Republic of Udmurtia analandira udindo mzinda kuthetsa pokhapokha October kuukira boma mu 1918. Komabe, kwa zaka zambiri, kuti wapanga tumphatumpha yaikulu patsogolo onse mawu a chitukuko mafakitale ndi chikhalidwe. Potumiza Labor Ulemerero udindo wa mzindawo unali chotsatira chomveka zonse za njira zimene zinachitika apa mu zaka mazana makumi awiri.

Chiwerengero cha mzindawo a Izhevsk anatchuka chifukwa miyambo m'minda zosiyanasiyana za chikhalidwe, sayansi, maphunziro ndipo, ndithudi, kupanga bwino, talente, khama ndiponso njira kulenga ntchito iliyonse. Likulu la Udmurtia - mzinda ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Pa nthawi yomweyo, iye ndi chitsanzo kwa midzi ina yonse ndi zigawo za dziko lathu, iwo angathe azikhala ndi m'ndendemo kugwirizana Russian ndi Udmurt, Mordvinians ndi Chitata, Ukrainians ndi Ayuda.

Izhevsk: Chiwerengero cha anthu

Malinga ndi malipoti atsopano zowerengera, zizindikiro kachulukidwe wa Izhevsk anthu zisakuyenda ananyamuka ndi anthu zikwi zisanu ndi tsopano chifukwa cha anthu za 649.000.

Chidwi ndi azimuth izi: 1993 mpaka 2011, m'tawuni wathetsedwa likunena, ndipo pa zaka zinayi zapitazi chiwerengero cha anthu mu likulu la Udmurtia wakula ndi anthu zikwi makumi awiri. Chifukwa zodabwitsazi ayankhidwa pansipa, koma pano tisaiwale kuti anthu okhala Izhevsk - peresenti woposa makumi anayi a onse anthu a m'deralo. chithunzi ichi, ndi njira, ndi khalidwe pafupifupi nkhani iliyonse ya la Russia.

kapangidwe kugonana

Chiwerengero cha Izhevsk Tingaone monga odulidwa, umene amapereka lingaliro la kugonana ndi zaka Kapangidwe ka anthu mu Russia. Choncho, malinga ndi chiyambi cha chaka chino, chiwerengero cha amuna a mumzindawo ndi chabe peresenti makumi anai, pamene kuchuluka kwa akazi pafupi makumi asanu.

Sichiri chithunzi wokondwa kwambiri limapezeka, ngati ife titembenukira kwa zaka ndi kapangidwe ka anthu mzinda. Ngakhale kuti zisakuyenda chiwerengero cha amuna ndi akazi ngakhale mofulumira kwambiri, koma adakula kuchuluka kwa anthu ntchito mu dongosolo waukulu wa anthu a m'tawuni anapitiriza kutha. Komanso, kukuchititsa zimenezi n'kutheka kupitiriza zaka kudza. Chinthu ndi kuti pang'onopang'ono kupuma, anthu anabadwa mu 1950-1960, koma m'malo mwa ochepa kwambiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha mavuto a dzikoli mma 1990, pamene panali weniweni zaziwerengero mavuto.

Izhevsk. Population. unzika

Ku maganizo a kapangidwe kake dziko la likulu la Republic Udmurt ndi chidwi kwambiri chodabwitsa. Chinthu ndi kuti, pafupifupi ndi mfundo Russian, mzinda ukufanizidwa ndi mayiko oposa zana.

Mapangidwe awa chinapangidwa apa si mwangozi. Akuganizira onse mbiri ya dera, amene odzipereka m'lingaliro lenileni la lonse loloseredwa Russian ufumu, ndi mbali m'deralo. Chinthu ndi m'gawo la Udmurtia kale anthu oimira mafuko ambiri, anthu ndi mayiko. Ambiri apulumuke masiku ano.

Kutembenukira kwa manambala enieni, ndiye funso "Kodi anthu Izhevsk" tikamanena kuyankha: "Russian" Mfundo ndi yakuti pa 68% ya anthu a mumzinda a dziko lino. Mwa njira, za mitengo zoterozo zinali khumi zapitazi mphamvu Soviet. Monga mtundu titular wa Republic, ndi Udmurt mpaka fifitini peresenti chikhulupiriro mu malo chachiwiri.

Ngati ife kulankhula za mitundu ina yaikulu akuimira mu Izhevsk, pamwamba asanu, kuwonjezera pa anthu kale tatchulazi, mulinso Chitata, Ukrainians ndi Azerbaijanis. Komabe, chiwerengero cha iwowa si kuposa 0,3%.

Pakuti zing'onozing'ono ndi mitundu, oimira amene amakhala likulu kuchereza alendo a Udmurtia, monga Chechens, bessermyan ndi Ahelene. chiwerengero chawo si upambana anthu 150.

zipembedzo zikuluzikulu

Izhevsk, amene anthu si azikhalidwe, Mipikisano achipembedzo komanso ndi chimodzi mwa zitsanzo chidwi kwambiri pa kulolera zipembedzo mu Russia.

M'madera waukulu achipembedzo mu mzinda ndi Orthodox, ndipo mu Izhevsk kalekale okhala ndi Metropolitan wa Izhevsk ndi Udmurtia, malo amene panopa nayo Metropolitan Nicholas.

Ammudzi wachiwiri kukula ndi Asilamu. Mzikiti choyamba anaonekera mumzinda masiku a ufumu. Panopa, pali atatu mabungwe amenewa, kuwonjezera, polenga kuzindikira Administration dera Uzimu wa Asilamu.

Kuwonjezera pa zikuluzikulu ziwiri Izhevsk ndithu bwinobwino ntchito oimira zipembedzo achipembedzo, Abuda, Achiprotestanti, Old Okhulupirira, anthu achipembedzo cha Mormon.

Kusamuka ndi amadza chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu Izhevsk

A zimakhudza kwambiri pa zaziwerengero ndi mtundu chithunzi cha Izhevsk ali mkati ndi kunja kusamuka. Kuyambira m'nthawi ya Soviet Union, likulu la Republic Udmurt kuti "lalikulu ndalama" anabwera makamaka achinyamata, kuyembekezera kupeza ntchito yabwino ku makampani ndi mafakitale mzinda. Pankhani kusamutsidwa mkati, apo Izhevsk kuyang'ana wokongola kwambiri pamaso pa anthu a midzi ang'onoang'ono a kumidzi, ndipo ngakhale m'mizinda ina. Ambiri ndi likulu la dera zogwirizana ziyembekezo kwa patsogolo ntchito ndi malipiro abwino.

Pakali pano, zinthu pafupifupi ofanana. Izhevsk, amene anthu pafupifupi zaka makumi awiri mu mzere anachepetsedwa, anali wokhoza kusunga udindo wake monga mmodzi wa mizinda yayikulu kwambiri mu Russia, kwakukulukulu chifukwa cha kuchuluka zonse osamukawo.

Malinga ndi kasamalidwe zowerengera wa dziko la pachaka phindu kusamuka mu zaka zisanu zapitazi chimachititsa anthu za 1,300. The chimadalira chachikulu cha alendo kubwera kuno ku Udmurtia kwambiri ndi Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, loyandikana Kirov dera ndipo ngakhale ku Moscow ndi St. Petersburg. Akukwera anthu makamaka achinyamata mu zaka 30, koma kuno makamaka anthu "amene ali pa forte."

Zinthu zabwino ndi kulimbikitsa zinthu zaziwerengero mu Izhevsk

Monga tanena, anthu a mumzinda wa Izhevsk m'mizinda inayi yapitayi ikukula bwinobwino. Kukula kumeneku, ndithudi, si monga chosangalatsa chinaoneka mu theka lachiwiri la 1980s, koma pambuyo kanjedza zoipa zonse kwa zaka 20, kuyambira mu 1993, kukuchititsa zimenezi zikuwoneka zingamuthandize kwambiri. zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimakhudza kusintha ngati lakuthwa mu zinthu motere.

Choyamba, izi ndi kuchuluka kwambiri chonde. Iwo chikugwirizana onse ndi kusintha kwa zinthu zachilengedwe (kubereka chiyambi cha m'badwo wa a 80), ndipo ndi khama la State (umayi likulu ndi dera nyumba mapulogalamu mabanja achinyamata).

Kachiwiri owonjezera zonse kulowa mumzinda pa kuchuluka, kusiya okhala izo.

Pomaliza, mu malo lachitatu, yofunika kwambiri mu mphamvu zabwino kuchuluka kwa anthu ndi kukhazikika zachuma ankaimba, kukhala mu dera mu 2000s ndi.

zolakwikazo

Ngakhale kachitidwe zambiri zabwino pa zaka zapitazi, chiwerengero cha magazini zokhudza kusintha kwa anthu likulu la Udmurtia, kuyang'ana kwambiri mochititsa mantha. Choyamba zonse zikukhudza liwiro kukula kugunda mu zaka ziwiri zapitazi. Chifukwa chachikulu chimene izi ndinawona kutha kwapang'onopang'ono chiwerengero cha akazi mu m'badwo chonde. Kenako, ayenera kwambiri kuona zochitikazo, pamene mlingo imfa kachiwiri kuposa mlingo kubadwa, wa m'badwo wa 1990s mu mawu a kuchuluka kwambiri otsika kwambiri kwa m'badwo wa 80s.

Chachiwiri, Izhevsk, amene anthu amakhalabe kwambiri wosakhazikika, akupitiriza mudzi ndi mlingo wapamwamba kwambiri imfa. Makamaka nkhawa ndi chakuti anthu ambiri ntchito zaka anthu akufa. Vutoli limakhudza onse angathe ndodo ya mzinda ndi zinthu zaziwerengero.

Pomaliza, chachitatu, anthu a Izhevsk, komanso mumzinda wa Russia, ndi mwachindunji amadalira mmene chuma chikuyendera wa dera ndi Russia wonse. akayambana akutulukira zisakuyenda momveka bwino osati zimathandiza chakuti achinyamata mabanja wofunitsitsa chiyambi cha ana chachiwiri ndi wotsatira.

Njira yothetsera vutoli

Palibe njira umodzi mavuto kugwirizana ndi kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zaziwerengero, ndithudi, kulibe, koma mawu a Izhevsk, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo zotsatirazi.

Choyamba, chamene kwa aboma ayenera kupatsidwa propaganda maganizo a makhalidwe abwino m'banja, ntchito yaikulu kwambiri mayi mu mapangidwe a munthu aliyense.

Kachiwiri, m'pofunika kusintha dongosolo zaumoyo, monga kukalamba mwapang'onopang'ono anthu n'kogwiritsa kuwonjezeka kupita kwa madokotala.

Chachitatu, Izhevsk, amene anthu mu nthawi ya Soviet amakhala ndi kuthekera mkulu sayansi ndi mafakitale, ayenera kuyesetsa kuti akope anthu ndi kuthekera mkulu maphunziro. Maziko ziyenera kulera mlingo wa ntchito yophunzitsa.