Intranasal - ndi makonzedwe mankhwala? formulations intranasal

Pali njira zosiyanasiyana za powapatsa mankhwala mu thupi la munthu. Kumayambiriro kwa mankhwala oyamba ntchito njira m'dera mu mawonekedwe a ntchito, rastirok, compresses ndi m'kamwa, kuphatikizapo ingestion angapo a mitundu mlingo kapena sublingual mayamwidwe. kwambiri njira zovuta akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chitukuko cha achipatala ndi yobereka wa chinthu yogwira chandamale limba.

Panali thumbo ndi ukazi suppositories (suppository), mapiritsi multicomponent ndi makapisozi, kuphatikizapo miyala lokutidwa, kusungunuka kapena chapamimba madzi kapena michere matumbo. Jekeseni njira: intra- ndi subcutaneous, mu mnofu, mtsempha ndi kwapakati pa-wolumikizira, intraosseous. mankhwala jekeseni kuti patsekeke olowa ndi ziwalo.

Ngakhale njira osavuta a boma endotracheal ndi intranasal formulations akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi posachedwapa. Inde, mphuno madontho wakhalapo kale pa Hippocrates. Komabe, intranasal - ichi ndi njira imodzi ya utsogoleli yobereka ziwalo zina, ndipo si yothetsera kutupa pa chimfine ndi makonzedwe amenewa anali nacho ntchito patangotha zaka zingapo zapitazo.

Magulu intranasal formulations, kupereka ambiri (zokhudza zonse) kanthu

maphunziro ambiri anasonyeza kuti polimbana ndi chimfine - si chifukwa chokha kumayambiriro mankhwala mu m'mphuno. chiwerengero cha mankhwala ndi kanthu zokhudza zonse, mwakachetechete odzipereka ku Kakhungu mucous mavesi amene m'mphuno ndi akafike mwachindunji.

Intranasal makonzedwe n'zotheka:

• H1-mankhwala (ziwengo);
• a-adrenoceptor agonists (vasoconstrictors);
• mlongoti stabilizers selo nembanemba;
• serotoninergic (kupereka zotsatira zosiyanasiyana - a vasoconstriction kwa antiallergic);
• m'thupi ndi protivogormonalnyh;
• chomwa mankhwalawa analgesics ;
• immunomodulators;
• correctors kagayidwe wa chichereŵechereŵe ndi fupa minofu;
• psychostimulants ndi nootropics.

Dongosolo makamaka intranasal mankhwala

Ndithu nthawi yaitali makampani opanga mankhwala ayesetsa kuthetsa ntchito awiri n'ngosathetseka ndi ulemu kwa ntchito mankhwala ndi kapangidwe ka mapuloteni mankhwala. The chopunthwitsa anali kusokonezeka kwa mapuloteni-peputayidi chigawo, ndi yogwira pophika ndi madzi muzituluka ndi michere m'mimba mwa phwando m'kamwa. Komanso, vuto lafalikira wa ndimeyi choyamba kudzera mwa chiwindi - kumanga ntchito za zovuta excretion ake.

njira inapezeka ntchito injectable njira ya oyendetsa suppositories thumbo. Komabe, njira woyamba ndi yosiyana ndi ena Kuvuta luso, pamodzi ndi zomverera zosasangalatsa. Ndipo lachiwiri sanali ogwira zokwanira chifukwa cha absorbability otsika m'mbali yomaliza ya rectum. Chigamulo ndinafika mwadzidzidzi. Anapeza kuti intranasal - monga jekeseni, makonzedwe amenewa, limene isanayambike mofulumira zotsatira achire. Ndipo kuwonjezera zina zinthu ofanana amaperekedwa monga bioavailability mkulu, i.e. chofunika ndende ya yogwira pophika pa malo a ntchito kwake.

China chofunika katundu intranasal makonzedwe anasonyeza extracellular (anyalanyaza mayamwidwe mu m'magazi mwa mucous) malowedwe a yogwira mu ubongo. Kukwera m'dera olfactory, mankhwala aperekedwa kwa ulusi wa olfactory ndi misempha trigeminal.

Kumasulidwa ndipamene formulations intranasal

Pakuti mayikidwe mu m'mphuno ntchito ambiri ndithu zochepa mitundu mankhwala. Loyamba ndilochokera, ndithudi, mphuno akutsikira. Mwina ufa inhalation ndi dongosolo labwino. Ntchito atagona mafuta. njira zosiyanasiyana kapena decoctions zitsamba wochapira cavities m'mphuno mu gulu ili si chifukwa kukhudzana kochepa kwa mucosa pamene ntchito.

Mawonekedwe waukulu kumasulidwa mankhwala intranasal ndi zotsatira zokhudza zonse ndi opopera m'mphuno. Iwo amatuluka mu mawonekedwe a n'zimene canisters ndi wothinikizidwa mpweya kapena ndi yogwira mpope-atomizer. Ndiyamika buku ena malasha utsi pamene mbamuikha kamodzi, n'zotheka ndi controllable mlingo wa mankhwala.

Komanso, pamene ntchito kutsitsi ndi wogawana ulimi wothirira amphuno mucosa. Izi timapitiriza mayamwidwe wa mankhwala timapitiriza kanthu ake pharmacological.

ubwino Main zakayendesedwe ka m'mphuno

Kuchokera pa zimene takambiranazi, n'zotheka kudziwa makhalidwe ofunika wogwidwa ndi formulations intranasal. Omasuka ndi kuphweka a boma amene sikutanthauza zina zipangizo luso ndi maphunziro apadera, monga momwe zilili ndi njira jekeseni zofunika kwambiri ndi ntchito zawo ndi wodwalayo.

Ndi Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa ndi mankhwala udindo pa malo oyamba ndi kuthekera kanthu chapakati pa dongosolo ubongo. Kulankhula zotsatira zokhudza zonse, kubwera mu nthawi yochepa, monga mwa njira jekeseni wa boma ndi kumathandizanso. Chifukwa pakalibe chodabwitsa cha ndimeyi choyamba kudzera chiwindi amatipatsa mkulu bioavailability wa mankhwala ndi pang'ono zosiyanasiyana chokhwima kugwirizana.

The kuipa

Amazionera wa zokhudza zonse zotsatira vuto lalikulu ndicho kukhala ndi mlingo achire mu madzi a m'magazi ndende ya mankhwala. Njira mofulumira odzipereka ndi kufika pachimake cha ntchito kwa nthawi yochepa, kotero intranasal makonzedwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito yochepa kuwukonza zinthu. zotsatira yaitali zimatheka pamene kutumikiridwa mankhwala amene ali ndi zotsatira pa dongosolo ubongo.

Komanso, nkotheka chitukuko cha zochita m'dera kwa amphuno mucosa. Ichi ndi chifukwa ndende mokwanira mkulu wa yogwira pophika mu zikuchokera kutsitsi ndi ochititsa zigawo zina kuonetsetsa ndimeyi pazipita mankhwala kuchokera pamwamba pa mucosa kwa magazi.

Luso mayamwidwe ku m'mphuno ali chiwerengero mwachilungamo okha mankhwala m'mene wofunikila katundu uyu physicochemical. Wodwalayo kochulukira ambiri yogwira pophika zimabweretsa ndalama kwambiri kwa ogulidwa kutsitsi ndi.

immunomodulators intranasal

Mu nyengo yopuma kapena miliri chimfine kuti kupewa ndi kuchiza wa mankhwala chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti kuonjezera akukhudzidwira ndi makonsolo chitetezo m'thupi.

Chifukwa cha kupewa mwadzidzidzi ndi kuwateteza ntchito intranasal interferon.

Pamene maphunziro angapo asonyeza kuti intranasal njira ya utsogoleli wa immunomodulators kumathandiza osati kumathandiza malowedwe a mavairasi, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kudzera m'mphuno mucosa. Komanso kumapangitsa mphamvu zoteteza zake - kutsegula kupanga yakeyake interferon. Yotithandiza yopanga amkati interferon yokonza mankhwala monga njira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala "Anandina" intranasal.

interferon anthu

The yokonza yeniyeni chitetezo cha m'thupi ndi ntchito ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ambiri chimfine tizilombo, "Interferon" ndi inakhazikitsa mu mawonekedwe a mapiritsi, kukonzekera injectable ndi ufa ntchito yokonza madontho. Pakuti kupewa ndi kuchiza, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito njira iliyonse kumasulidwa. Koma chitetezo m'dera makamaka intranasally. Izi, ngati chotchinga kosaoneka kupewa malowedwe a yambiri ya HIV maselo nembanemba mucous wa m'mphuno. Izi kupereka amadwala zinthu mliri.

Immunostimulant "Anandina" m'maso ndi m'mphuno

Mankhwala chimagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa sitili pafupifupi zotsatira zoyipazi, zochita chowawa ndi yabwino chitetezo zotsatira stimulatory. Komanso, nayenso ndi kutchulidwa bala-kuchiritsa katundu chofunika mu ntchito yake monga m'maso pa choipa corneal kapena conjunctival.

Contraindications ali okha anapatsidwa intramuscularly "Anandina". madontho m'mphuno saloledwa pa chilichonse zaka, mimba, mkaka wa m'mawere ndi zikhalidwe zina zokhudza thupi kapena matenda.

Ngati matupi awo sagwirizana rhinitis

Zimachititsa mphuno kuyabwa, sneezing ndi profuse katulutsidwe wa ntchofu amakhala osati HIV, ndi Antigen, zikubweretsa si yeniyeni m'thupi ayankhe - chifuwa. Mankhwalawa zovuta za mawonekedwe rhinitis, corticosteroids intranasal Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi ndi zoona makamaka kwa anthu odwala mitundu nyengo ya ziwengo - chigwagwa.

Mu ena zomera nthawi maluwa odwala amenewa ndi insufficiently yekha ntchito antihistaminic mankhwala gulu, zomwe nthawi zambiri kuonetsa ndi sedative zotsatira. Ndikosaloledwa pansi pa kayendetsedwe ka galimoto, kugwiritsa ntchito makina, kapena zikhalidwe za pazipita ndende maganizo. Ndiye akusankhidwa opopera m'dera mahomoni kuti kuchotsa mawonetseredwe a zizindikiro popanda kukhudzanso wonse m'thupi bwino.

kusamala

Ngakhale kupezeka kwa omangidwa ndi portability zosavuta mankhwala, nkofunika kukumbukira kuti intranasal - ndi, monga wina aliyense, mankhwala ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala dokotala, mu mlingo yoikidwiratu imene iwo, multiplicity ndi nthawi ya phwando.

Nthawi zambiri pali zochitika pamene muyenera kutenga mankhwala angapo, kuletsa palibe amene sangathe. Choncho, panafunika kuti apeze ngati iwo adzakhala ndi pamene ophatikizana kungasokoneze thupi. Malangizo ntchito zikuphatikizapo embodiments onse a thupi lawo siligwirizana. N'chifukwa chake asanadye mankhwala wamba monga suppositories, mafuta ndi opopera, muyenera ndithudi kukaonana ndi katswiri.