Hoya (maluwa): posamalira panyumba, makamaka kupatsa ndi ayamikira

Hoya - maluwa sera Ivy, umene uli mpesa yobiriwira zokhuza banja Asclepiadaceae. maluwa, ndi mazana awiri mitundu dzina la nyakulima British Thomas Hoy. Kenako m'nkhani ino tikambirana momwe kusamalira bwino Hoya.

Kulima ndi kusamalira zomera amadziwika kuti ndi yosangalatsa kwambiri ndipo amafuna kudziwa wapadera ndondomeko. Komabe, kuti kukula wokongola Hoya, Nthawi zambiri chofunika. zomera ndi undemanding ndithu ndipo pachimake bwino ngati mutsatira malamulo wamba ochepa: musasukulutse zambiri, nawonso, sichoncho repot poponya ndi simuyendayenda kumalo osiyanasiyana.

mwachidule

Kuthengo, Hoya maluwa amalima mu otentha Australia, ndi Chimaleya Archipelago mu South China ndi mbali ya India. mipesa ake amatha kuyenda pamodzi malo otsetsereka miyala makungwa a mitengo. Ndi yobiriwira zomera ndi kukwera, ndi zokwawa mphukira. masamba ndi dzira woboola pakati, chowulungika kapena mtima woboola pakati mawonekedwe ndi minofu leathery masamba axillary. Maluwa anapanga mu mawonekedwe a ambulera ndipo ndi pamakhala zisanu anamaliza pamodzi inflorescence.

Nthawi zambiri, Hoya, zinsinsi za chisamaliro zimene pansipa, kani zachilendo ndi wokongola yokongola chomera. Mwina amaona ngati ofunda ndi kotentha, ndipo mu malo mwachilungamo ozizira. Chinthu chachikulu iye - atithandize.

mitundu

Home kuti otchuka Hoya kapena Hoya imperialis, akuti ndi chilumba cha Malacca. Mtundu wa lopotana masamba chitsamba ali ndi chowulungika, oblong, kufika kutalika 20 cm, mbale okha kusalaza ndi leathery. Maluwa ofiira mdima, ndi kunja - chikasu wonyezimira mtundu ambulela. Awo pamakhala-nyenyezi ndi fungo m'malo zosangalatsa.

Hoya chachikulu, kapena Hoya Bella, amakula makamaka Burma. Ilo liri ndi mtundu wa chitsamba ang'ono ndi zokwawa mphukira kuli yokutidwa ovate lanceolate masamba zosaposa 2.5 masentimita m'litali. Iwo wandiweyani, pang'ono otukukira kunja, ndi nsonga zisonga. maluwa ang'ono, woyera ndi korona ofiira owala ndi kupachikidwa ambulela. Izo limamasula kwambiri mu chirimwe. Ivy oterewa nthawi zambiri ntchito m'madera ofunda ndi zomera mawonekedwe ampelnoe.

Flowered Hoya (Hoya multiflora) kuthengo angapezeke wochuluka mu nkhalango Malaysia. Zomera kukwera ndi masamba liniya oblong. maluwa ndi pamakhala yopapatiza a mtundu wachikasu ndi anasonkhana, ngati mitundu ina, ambulela.

Mu mayiko a Asia ndi Australia, ndi ku malo amenewa pa miyala angapezeke minofu Hoya (Hoya carnosa), kapena motoskey Hoya (Hoya motoskei). Ndi creeper kutalika za 6 m, ndi zimayambira adatchithisira zokwawa. Masamba mdima wobiriwira ake, oblong kapena mtima woboola pakati, chonyezimira ndi minofu. Iwonso amayesetsa kuti masentimita 4 m'lifupi ndi 8 masentimita m'litali. maluwa ndi wotumbululuka beige kapena zoyera ndi pinki korona pakati, anasonkhana ambulera ndipo ali ndi fungo osangalatsa kwambiri.

kuthirira

Amadziwika kuti ambiri mwa Ivy kukula zakutchire, amakonda kutentha zikuphatikizapo Hoya (maluwa). Kodi kusamalira zomera chotero, polenga zinthu yabwino iye? Yankho la funso limeneli ndi losavuta: kuyambira March mpaka October wa madzi ayenera kukhala amtengo zambiri. Pakuti n'zoyenera spaced madzi zofewa firiji. Popeza November kuthirira penapake kuchepetsa ndi kubala masiku awiri kenako wosanjikiza pamwamba pa nthaka youma. Ngati madzi ali osowa kwambiri wosonyeza kapenanso kusiyiratu kuti moisten dziko lapansi, ndiye Hoya pang'onopang'ono kuyamba lifotabe a mizu ndi kubwera nyengo kukula.

Aliyense kasupe ndi autumn ndi nyumba chomera poyera ndondomeko izi: muyenera kuika mu madzi ofunda, mkangano kwa 30-40 ⁰C, za theka la ora. Chimodzimodzi zadothi chipinda mizu ayenera kukhala kumeneko mpaka thu koloko. Zimenezi kwambiri imathandizira maluwa chiyerekezo, komanso ukule mofulumira Ivy monga Hoya (maluwa).

Kodi kusamalira mbewu pa maluwa

Ivy chikondi kuwala, choncho ndikamufunsa wochuluka, iwo zingasangalatse ambuye awo inflorescences wokongola. Kamodzi masamba ndi Hoya adzakhala kupangidwa, mbewu bwino asakhudze, ndipo makamaka musayese kusuntha kwa malo ena. chakuti kanthu pa nthawi imene ingathandize kuti tsankho kapena wathunthu inasweka.

Magulu a maluwa kukhala odalirika limbikitse kwa zomera nthambi zonse mu malo woongoka. Nditamaliza maluwa akuwombera ziyenera kudula yaitali ndi waufupi, ndi maluwa - kusiya. Palibe safuna kudula mapesi maluwa monga iwo amaoneka mu masamba nthawi kachiwiri.

Flower Hoya: chisamaliro, kupatsidwa zina

Si chinsinsi kuti lalikulu zomera potted kumva kwambiri bwino. Akatswiri amalangiza Thirani wamng'ono toyesa Hoya osati kamodzikamodzi osati kamodzi pachaka, ndi akulu - lililonse atatu. Zomera limakula bwino mu ndale kapena pang'ono acidic nthaka kumene pH si upambana chilemba cha 6.5. Ngakhale Ivy ndi wodzichepetsa, koma imafunanso osakaniza wapadera wopangidwa mwa magawo awiri dongo ndi kuwaika ndi muyeso umodzi tsamba nthaka, peat ndi mchenga.

Poyankha, ndi Hoya kwambiri wakonda osakaniza osiyana. Zikhale za wofanana mbali nthaka tsamba, peat, humus ndi mchenga, ndi Kuwonjezera waung'ono wa makala. Pafupifupi zomera zonse amafuna ngalande wabwino. Ndi nazonso ndi Hoya (maluwa).

Kodi kusamalira zomera mu kuswana nyengo

Kuonekera pa achinyamata chomera maluwa chaka kumuika, muyenera kudzala tsinde lake layering. Chifukwa chaichi, kuthawa ang'ambe thupilo wokutidwa ndi Moss, ndiye kukulunga Manga pulasitiki ndipo anamumanga. Posachedwapa idzazulidwa, kenako anadula pamwamba pa izo ndi m'manda mu nthaka. Pofuna kupeza chitsamba wandiweyani, anabzala mumphika zitatu, zinayi, kapena ngakhale asanu mphukira.

Monga amadziwika, ambiri zomera m'banja akhoza zimafalitsidwa ndi cuttings. Zikuphatikizapo Hoya (maluwa). Posamalira ake pa nthawi iyi, iye amadziwa ngakhale woyamba. Kubalana zomera kubala kwa zaka kukula, ziboda akhoza zotalika mosiyanasiyana. Komabe, ambiri makamaka, kuti iwo ali awiriawiri mmodzi kapena awiri masamba.

Kulalikira nthawi zonse kudula m'munsimu mfundo, monga mizu akhoza kukula osati kwa iwo, koma pakati pawo. Kuyika iwo mu madzi kapena mu gawo lapansi wopangidwa mwa mchenga ndi peat mu chiŵerengero cha 2 1. Panthawi imeneyi m'pofunika kuwunika kutentha kwa nthaka, kotero kuti unachitikira pa mlingo 20⁰C. Kawirikawiri mizu cuttings masabata atatu, kenako anakwiriridwa mu chisakanizo cha gawo limodzi kuwaika ndi zidutswa ziwiri za masamba ndi mchenga ndi Kuwonjezera ka humus miphika ndi awiri a 10 cm.

kukula kungokhala pamodzimodzi

Ndi kovuta kupeza mbewu zambiri undemanding, kodi maluwa Hoya. Mavuto a kukula ndi maluwa aliko. Mwachitsanzo, zimachitika kuti masamba kutembenukira wotumbululuka, anapotoza ndi pang'onopang'ono kufota. Chifukwa angakhale otsika kwambiri kutentha kapena chiwalitsiro kwambiri. Komanso, tsamba kugwa amakwiya ndi mpweya youma kwambiri ndi otentha.

Chopinga kukula ndi blanching Hoya choncho chifukwa chosowa asafe m'nthaka. Pofuna kuthetsa vuto limeneli, ndi chokwanira zomera ndi urea pa mlingo wa 1 galamu pa 1 lita imodzi ya madzi. Komanso, masamba usiye chikasu ndipo kenako kuguluka chifukwa chosowa ulimi wothirira kapena M'malo mwake, kuchokera overabundance ake.

maluwa osauka

Mavuto awa uka makamaka chifukwa kuyatsa osauka. Komabe, tiyenera kukumbukira kuti vuto zingachitikire chifukwa kulanda chomera pa maluwa ake mu malo ena. maluwa ndi impso akhoza kutha pansi kuthirira kwambiri kapena osakwanira, komanso mpweya kouma. Mwa njira, musaiwale, chinyezi kwambiri, pamodzi ndi ngalande osauka kungachititse chakuti mmunsi mwa tsinde, ndiyeno mizu lidzawola. Pankhaniyi, mmera sadzatha kupulumutsa.

Tizirombo: nsabwe

zomera kawirikawiri tikuvutika ndi tizilombo monga nsabwe ndi kangaude mite, ndi mealybug, whitefly ndi Jose lonse. funso n'lakuti, kodi kuchita ngati tizirombo adakali anaukira maluwa Hoya? Kusamalira panyumba , mu nkhani iyi ayenera kukhala osamala kwambiri.

nsabwe Wingless akhoza kukula cm 2.5 ndipo ndi pinki wotumbululuka zobiriwira kapena chikasu. Zingamvekere zomera lonse, masamba ndi masamba kudzipha. Hoya, anakantha nsabwe, wotaya mtundu owala, masamba kutembenukira chikasu, azipiringa ndi kuguluka. Growth mabasi masamba kwathunthu, ali anatuluka sanali kuwuluridwa, ndi maluwa okutidwa ndi secretions chonyansa yomata. The kuwonongeka kwambiri tizilombo zingachititse m'chaka, pamene chomera chitaya kunja wachifundo achinyamata mphukira.

Ngati mitundu ya nsabwe anaonekera posachedwapa ndi zotupa malo ndi laling'ono, chisamaliro Hoya kunyumba ayenera nthawi zonse monga kutsuka zonse ntchito shawa. Ndi m'madera ambiri zakhudzana zomera akhoza kudula, koma zimenezi kokha ngati ndaikhazika njuchi yaing'ono tizilombo. Mu Zikavuta kwambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito njira yapadera mafuta, komanso tizirombo, monga "Malathion", "fitoverm", "aktellik" kapena "Kinmiks".

polimbana ndi kangaude mite

tizilombo Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zoopsa kwambiri, izo umakhudza onse zomera panyumba, kuphatikizapo maluwa Hoya. Kodi kumusamalira? Kodi mwamsanga kuchotsa nthata? Nkhanizi ndi chidwi wamaluwa ambiri okonda. Amadziwika kuti nkhupakupa wamkulu ang'ono: yaikazi akula theka millimeter ndipo utoto ofiira owala, aamuna ndi pafupifupi kawiri zochepa. Kutentha mu chipinda, chapamwamba mlingo awo la kubalana.

Kangaude nthata moyo m'midzi ndi kumumenya mbali mlengalenga onse Hoji: nthambi, masamba ndi mphukira. Pankhaniyi, mbewu lonse utoto wotumbululuka mtundu wachikasu, ndi masamba ku zimayambira ya Tambasula ambiri wochenjera ndipo kunalibe noticeable cobwebs. Pamene tizilombo kuyamba akuyamwitsa timadziti ndi zomera amaoneka madontho wotumbululuka pa masamba, ngati mulibe njira yofunika kwambiri, mofulumira kukula ndi kutenga maonekedwe a yamawangamawanga chachikulu choyera. Hoya akuyamba kusiya masamba odwala, pang'onopang'ono ndipo wasiya kukula.

mpweya youma chipinda kumathandiza kuti kuchuluka mofulumira akangaude, kotero muyenera kuwunika mlingo wa chinyezi mu chipinda. Muyeneranso zonse oyera ndi opavshuyu amadyera kuonongeka, kuchotsa maluwa akufa, mokoma misozi masamba ndi chinkhupule kapena nsalu zofewa choviikidwa mu madzi ofunda sopo.

Against tizilombo zoipa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala wapadera, motetezeka anthu onse ndi nyama. Kwambiri palibe vuto lililonse ngati "Aktofit", "Vermitek" ndi "Fitoverm". Khalani okonzeka chakuti ntchito mankhwala akhala mobwerezabwereza chifukwa sakwanitsa kuchotsa kamodzi wake ntchito ndi nkhupakupa. Number ndi processing intervals ndi mwachindunji amadalira firiji.

Pomaliza

Kuti aliyense chomera nyumba zokondweretsa diso ndi greenery ake zobiriwira ndi limamasula wokongola, kuphatikizapo wodzichepetsa kwambiri Hoya, kusiya tsiku ndi tsiku lofunika. Makamaka chifukwa satenga nthawi zambiri. Wokwanira bwino kuthirira mbewu, nthawi kuti ndikasendeza ndi nthawi muone pamaso pa tizilombo zoipa.