History of Russia: "Deulino osayanjanitsika"

Mu 1618, 1 (11) wa December, pambuyo zotsatira Kalanga poyesa wa Zitsulo kutenga Moscow, m'mudzi wa Deulin pakati Russia ndi pangano Commonwealth anali anamaliza. Izi pangano mtendere anakhazikitsa bezvoenny nthawi ya zaka 14.5. pangano unadziwika ngati "Deulino osayanjanitsika."

Inayamba nkhondo

Mwalamulo, chifukwa chiyambi cha Chirasha Polish nkhondo 1609 imatengedwa. Zaka zoyambirira za nkhondo wopambana kwambiri asilikali Chipolishi Chilituyaniya. Mu nthawi kuchokera 1609 mpaka 1612 , iwo anagonjetsa ndi kukhazikika mphamvu zawo madera ambiri a kumadzulo Russia. Mderali m'gulu yaikulu pa nthawi imeneyo Smolensk linga. zinthu Russian sinkakhala pa nthawi. Pambuyo Vasiliy Shuysky unagonjetsedwa, kudali zopangira boma provisional, wopangidwa mwa oimira mbiri ya boyars. M'malo awo, mu August 1610 izo anasaina mgwirizano pa ntchito yomanga wachifumu Russian wa Polish Prince Wladyslaw Vasa ndi kuyambitsa m'dziko la Moscow, ndi Polish asilikali. Komabe, madongosolo awa sanali adzabwera woona. Mu zaka 1611-1612 mu Moscow, asilikali akuchita ndi maganizo zikuchepa odana Polish. Mphamvu zimenezi kutsindikiza aithamangitse woyamba asilikali Chipolishi Chilituyaniya ku dera la dera Moscow, ndi mtsogolo, mu zaka 1613-1614, ndi nambala ya m'mizinda ikuluikulu Russian.

Ulendo wachiwiri

Mu 1616 Vladislav woumba pamodzi ndi Chilituyaniya hetman Yanom Hodkevichem ndipo kachiwiri akufuna kutenga mpando wachifumu Russian. Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti pa nthawi imene kale a Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov. Asilikali ophatikizana mphamvu mwayi: iwo anamasuka ndi kuzungulira Smolensk Russian asilikali kukakhala dziko mpaka Mozhaisk. Atalandira mu 1618 ndi zolimba wa Cossacks Chiyukireniya, kutsogozedwa ndi Hetman Peter Sagaidachnogo Rzeczpospolita asilikali anafika Moscow. Pambuyo kuukira atalephera pa likulu Russian wa Chipolishi Chilituyaniya asilikali ukuchoka ku dera cha Utatu-Sergio obisika. Petr Sagaydachny amuna wake amuke mu dera Kaluga. Pa zinthu izi, Russia anali chabe anapulumuka nthawi Amada ndi nkhondo ziŵiri, anakakamizika kulemba pangano mtendere ndi zinthu zodziwika akumane.

Gawo loyamba la chimaliziro cha mgwirizano

Kuno ankaona kuti chiyambi cha zokambirana mtsinje Presnya. Iwo anali mu 1618, 21 (31) ya October. Msonkhano woyamba sanali kubweretsa zotsatira. Maphwando anapereka zofunika apamwamba wina ndi mzake. Choncho, oimira Wladyslaw Vasa analimbikira pa kuzindikira chokha wake Russian Tsar acimuuza kusintha wake motsogozedwa Pskov, Novgorod ndi Tver dziko. Russian Zikatero, anaumirira kubwerera mwamsanga m'madera onse ndi kusiya la asilikali mdani ku dera la Russia. Msonkhano wachiwiri umene unachitika pa 23 October (2 November) 1618 unachitikira bwino kwambiri. mbali Russian akufuna kukhazikitsa twente-chaka osayanjanitsika pobwezera povomera cede Roslavl ndi Smolensk. The mbali Polish anakana Wladyslaw Vasa amati wachifumu Russian, koma kuti azipereka Pskov dziko. Komanso, oimira Commonwealth anaumirira kubwerera kwa onse kale anapambana malo Chilituyaniya ndi malipilo okwanila ayenela ndalama anakhumudwitsa panthawi ya nkhondo.

mwendo yachiwiri

Atasamukira ku Poland-Chilituyaniya asilikali m'chigawo cha Utatu-Sergio ansembe yotchedwa zokambirana komweko kale. Pa nthawi yomweyo ankaimba ndi mamembala awiri a nkhondo usilikali. Chipolishi Chilituyaniya asilikali anakumana ndi mavuto aakulu ndi chakudya kubwera ozizira kumabweretsa mavuto kwambiri. zosokoneza zonse mu ndalama ankakolezera ndi kusakhutira ambiri ndi mercenaries, pakati pa amene anali kale ndinaganiza kusiya malo a asilikali. Imeneyi, asangalala ndi kulanda ndi wakubayu anthu ozungulira pa mbali ya Chipolishi Chilituyaniya asilikali, makamaka osiyana mu kuti Cossacks. The nkhondo protracted ndi kungasokoneze kwambiri pa maganizo a anthu a Moscow, limene mbali anali mfumu Polish. Anthu tatopa mavuto ndi nkhondo. Chifukwa cha zokambirana za izo anavomera pa mfundo zikuluzikulu za osayanjanitsika lapansi. Kusagwirizana adanyamuka pa mndandanda opatsirana m'manja mwa mizinda Commonwealth. Komanso, maphwando sakanakhoza kugwirizana pa nkhani ya nthawi ya armistice ndi ofesi titular Mihaila Romanova ndi Wladyslaw Vasa. 20 (30) mu November 1618 pansi makoma a obisika anapezeka ndi oimira Russian ofesi ya kazembe. masiku atatu nkhani zinachititsa kusainira "Deulino osayanjanitsika." Russian mbali wapanikizidwa boma Chipolishi Chilituyaniya anayenera kusiya zina zofuna zawo ndi zokambirana.

zinthu zofunika

"Osayanjanitsika Deulino" ndi Poland chinaikidwa kwa zaka 14 ndi miyezi 6, ndicho ku 25 December 1619 pa 25 June 1633. Mu dongosolo la Commonwealth zapita: Smolensk, Roslavl, Dorogobuzh, White, Serpeysk, Novgorod-Seversky, Trubchevsk, Chernihiv, kumene kumakhala Amonke, kuphatikizapo dziko loyandikira. Russia anabwerera mizinda zotsatirazi: Vyazma, Kozelsk, Meshchovsk, Mosalsk m'malo mizinda ngati Starodub, Pochep, Nevel, Red, Sebezh, Popova Mountains, kuphatikizapo dziko loyandikira. "Deulino osayanjanitsika" ndi Poland amapereka kutengerapo mwachindunji m'menemo mizinda ndi zitaganya kwa 1619, 15 (25) wa February. Pamodzi ndi mizinda ndi mayiko anasamutsa anthu ndi katundu pa izo. Mpaka tsiku lomwelo (1619, 15 (25) ya February) m'dera la Russia amachoka onse a asilikali Chipolishi Chilituyaniya ndi Chiyukireniya. Komanso "Deulino osayanjanitsika" amapereka kuwombola akaidi ankhondo. Iye anasankhidwa 15 (25) mu February 1619. "Deulino osayanjanitsika" ndi kubwerera ku Russia okha amalonda, olemekezeka, atsogoleri achipembedzo. Mu mawu a pangano armistice, ndi Russian Tsar silinalinso lokhuzana maudindo a Livonia, Smolensk ndi Chernigov kazembeyo. Icon wa St .. Nicholas mu Mozhaisk anagwidwa ndi asilikali Chipolishi Chilituyaniya, anadutsa Russia. Terms of pangano woyeza malire malo inakonzedwa yotentha 1619. "Deulino osayanjanitsika" anapereka ufulu kwa ufulu kuyenda mu gawo la maiko signatory, Russian ndi Polish-Chilituyaniya amalonda. Kupatulapo mzinda wa Kraków, Vilnius ndi Moscow. Vladislav woumba kumbuyo ufulu adzatchedwa mu zolemba cha boma cha Chipolishi Chilituyaniya State Russian tsar.

Tanthauzo la m'mbiri

Deulino armistice mu 1618 - waukulu zankhondo ndiponso zandale bwino Commonwealth mu kulimbana ndi Russia. Malire a boma Chipolishi Chilituyaniya ankatembenukira mpaka kum'maŵa. Mu nthawi kuchokera 1616 mpaka 1622 gawolo Commonwealth anafika mkulu wake mbiri (990 zikwi sq. Km). "Deulino osayanjanitsika" kuti formalize zonena zawo mpando wachifumu Russian Mfumu ya Poland ndi Grand Duke la Lithuania. Kwa Russia, kusaina pangano armistice, pa Koyamba, kuyang'ana wosakongola kwambiri. Komabe, ndendende chifukwa cha kutha kwa nkhondo ndi asilikali Chipolishi Chilituyaniya anafika ku dziko chofunika pambuyo Mavuto bata. Patapita zaka zingapo, anasonkhana mphamvu zake, Russia waphwanya ndi osayanjanitsika mwa kukulozani ndi Smolensk nkhondo. The chifukwa cha zinali kusiyidwa lathunthu la mpando wachifumu Vladislav ananenera. Pomaliza kubwezeretsa zomvetsa ake Kupititsa akanakhoza kokha Russia pa Chirasha Polish nkhondo ya zaka 1654-1667.