Hildegard wa Bingen: yonena, mndandanda wa ntchito

Hildergada anali German abbess, Benedictines, waukulu obisika Nuni Rhine mtsinje. Mlembi wa ntchito lachinsinsi, motets ndi nyimbo. Ndi wotchuka chifukwa cha ntchito zake pa mankhwala ndi teas azitsamba.

Chiyambi cha moyo ndi achinyamata

Hildegard wa Bingen anabadwa cha m'ma 1098, ngakhale tsiku lenileni silikudziwika. Makolo ake anachokera ku boma German wa Hesse. Amenewa anali oimira anthu otchuka m'munsi, bambo anali Chiwerengero Maginhardu. Wodwalika chibadwire, Hildegard pachikhalidwe imatengedwa womaliza m'banja la ana khumi, nthawi kudwala. Popeza msungwanayo anali chowawa, nthawi zambiri anaitanidwa kuti madokotala ndi agulupa m'deralo. Hildegard wa Bingen, amene yonena samadziwika mwatsatanetsatane, anakhala nthawi ya nthawi zowawitsa akale zovuta.

amalonda

Hildegard wa Bingen - woyambitsa nyimbo za chipembedzo komanso amalonda. Ntchito yake amalemekezedwa Lutheran mpingo. Hildegarde anati: "Ine sunali kuphunzitsidwa ndi aliyense, chifukwa ine sanaphunzire kalembedwe nyimbo kapena nyimbo ina iliyonse." Iye ananena kuti analemba ndi kuyimba nyimboyi ndi nyimbo, pofuna kulemekeza Mulungu ndi oyera ake.

Pesnopeniya kuti iye ankalemba, ankaimira kanthu Hildegard monga fiofane nthawi kapena mbali za thupi za kupezeka kwa Mulungu. Tsiku lililonse, iye ndi alongo ake ankaimba nawo maola pemphero ndi psalmody. Chifukwa cha utumiki wawo adagona mapemphero a Mulungu, iwo anali nawo "nthetemya a mogwirizana ndi mavumbulutso wakumwamba." Kodi dzina Hildegard anapereka ntchito zake zopereka.

Pakuti Hildegard nyimbo limatuluka pafupifupi mlingo wa ma sakaramenti, kuwatsogolera ungwiro wa chifundo wa makwaya kumwamba pa anthu mu mphindi pamene zikumveka atangoona chimwemwe cha nyimbo. Mviligoyo amaona kugwirizana bwino pakati pa kubwereza kwa "ntchito ya Mulungu" (Opus Dei) monga gawo la moyo kumene kumakhala Amonke pambuyo unsembe wa St. Benedict ndi wamuyaya wamphamvu chiyanjano cha chilengedwe, kukonza ndi kusintha kwa dziko. A mbiri womveka wa chipulumutso ndi mutu waukulu ambiri ntchito zawo, nkhani mu ndakatulo wophiphiritsa. Ndipotu, pamene mawu a Mulungu amanena kuti Mulungu analenga dziko pachiyambi cha nthawi, dziko anakhazikidwa pa munda wake okongola, ndi machenjerero kupondeleza mdierekezi ali lisachitike.

Ngakhale sikutheka molondola chibwenzi onse Hildegard zikuchokera nyimbo, koma n'zotheka kuganiza kuti ambiri a iwo a pafupifupi 1140-1160 zaka. Lililonse linalembedwa kuti masiku ena ndi maphwando mu kalendala mpingo. Anthu oposa theka la zikuchokera - antiphons; ndime izi zinali kuimbidwa isanayambe kapena itatha aliyense Masalmo panthawi ya pemphero la kumene kumakhala Amonke, kanthawi kochepa kudziwika monga antiphons votive, akhoza kuphedwa payokha mu mapemphero osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kuguba.

Palinso mitundu ina ya nyimbo Mwachitsanzo, nambala ya ndime payekha alternating ndi peniyami choral. Iwo anaphedwa mu vigil (m'mawa). Pali nyimbo zomwe zinkaimbidwa pa nthawi zosiyana pa Misa ya agulupa ya; mindandanda nyimbo pakati pa amene anaimba Aleluya ndi Uthenga; Misa, umene aliyense Vesi ali onse yake amajambulapo maluwa okongola melodic, anagawa pakati pa mavesi awiri.

masomphenya

Imafotokoza kuti sisitere kuyambira ali wamng'ono kwambiri ndi masomphenya ndi maloto zachilendo. Hildegarde ananena kuti anaona "mthunzi wa kuwala amoyo" pa zaka zitatu ndi zaka zisanu anayamba kuzindikira kuti iye anakumana masomphenya. Iye anagwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "Visio" ndipo anavomereza kuti anali ndi mphatso imene iye analephera kuufotokoza ena. Hildegard Bingenskaya anafotokoza kuti iye anazindikira zinthu zonse mu kuwala kwa Mulungu kudzera mu mphamvu zisanu: kuona, kumva, kulawa, kununkhiza, ndi kukhudza. Ankaopa kukambirana awo, kuwauza iwo okha sisitere pakampanipo. Pa moyo wake, iye anali nakobe kwambiri zizindikiro. Pa zaka 42, Hildegard anaona masomphenya kuti iye ankaona umboni kwa Mulungu, anaganiza kuti alembe zimene tinaziona ndi kuzimva.

moyo kumene kumakhala Amonke

Mwina chifukwa cha masomphenya a Hildegard, kapena monga njira makolo andale nsembe kuti am'patse cha Benedicto obisika, omwe unali mu Palatinate Forest. Tsiku chiphaso cha Hildegard ansembe si yeniyeni kudziwika. Mbiri kuti anayamba kuvomereza mayi wachikulire, Jutta, mwana wamkazi wa Chiwerengero Stephen II wa Sponhayma, pa usinkhu wa zaka eyiti. Mu 1112-m, pamene Hildegarde anali khumi ndi zinayi, iye anawinda wa utumiki ndipo anayamba kukhala ndi akazi ena ku obisika ndi chilolezo ndi dalitso la bishopu.

Atamwalira Jutta kale mu 1136 Hildegard anali pamodzi osankhidwa monga mbuye dera avirigo ake anzake. Hildegarde limati mu mabuku ake kuti Jutta kuwerenga ndi kulemba, chifukwa iye anali osaphunzira motero sangathe kuphunzira kutanthauzira Baibulo. Mulimonsemo, Hildegard ndi Jutta ntchito pamodzi obisika ndipo anali chairwoman mudzi kukula kwa akazi, Ufumuyo. Jutta analinso wamasomphenya chotero anakopeka otsatira ambiri.

zilandiridwenso abbess

Mviligoyo walenga chilankhulo chake bambo wa Chiesperanto, ndipo anawatcha iwo zinenero ignota, amene anamasuliridwa kuti "chilankhulo chosadziwika". The kwambiri ndinaganiza za kulemba kalata zenizeni, kwa chitukuko ngati wolemba Hildegard wa Bingen. Bukhu, kuti makamaka umalimbana kumvetsa uMulungu. Mwachitsanzo, ntchito yake "Pa chikhalidwe mumtima wa zolengedwa zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe" limafotokoza nkhani ya pakati akale a dziko ndi chilengedwe. A zambiri maganizo awo pa nkhani zimenezi Hildegard wa Bingen. zilandiridwenso wake lodzala ndi chikondi kwa Mulungu ndi anthu.

machiritso

Kuwonjezera luso loimba, iye anali wolemera talente mchiritsi ndi mchiritsi. mabuku ake pa kusintha anathandiza odwala ambiri. Kwenikweni ndi maphikidwe a tinctures mankhwala ndi decoctions. Ntchito zake "Physics" akufotokoza zitsamba, mchere, mitengo, miyala, zinyama, zitsulo ndi khalidwe zizindikiro zawo achire ndipo sanali achire. Nun wotchuka chifukwa chake maphikidwe mankhwala masamba broths.

Ambiri mwa malangizo kuchipatala Hildegard yekha tanthauzo la m'mbiri, koma pali zambiri ndi malangizo amene othandizanso. ntchito zake melodic ntchito ndi akatswiri a maganizo ndi psychotherapists ndipo tsopano kwa machiritso a mabala a m'maganizo.

Imfa ndi chizindikiro pa mbiri

September 17, 1179, pamene tsiku la imfa yake, mviligoyo ankadzinenera kuti iwo adaona mitundu iwiri ya kuwala zaoneka kudzulu ndipo anawoloka kuchipinda komwe kufa Hildegard wa Bingen. Reviews alongo avirigo akunena za kukoma mtima kwake zosaneneka ndi kudzimana. Ndi kupyolera mu zaka anatisiyira ife nyimbo, kusonkhanitsa essays ndi mabuku mankhwala.

Iwo amagwira ntchito:

• "Dziwani njira";
• "Bukhu la moyo olungama";
• "Bukhu la chilengedwe cha Mulungu" ndipo ena tsopano kubweretsa anthu kwa kuwala kwa chikhulupiriro.

Hildegard wa Bingen canonized oyera a tchalitchi cha Lutheran ndiponso atalemekeza Protestant mpingo. Iye anakhala ndi moyo zaka makumi asanu ndi atatu mphambu ziwiri.