Hematuria - ndichiyani? Zimayambitsa hematuria

Dongosolo excretory munthu amachitira aliyense matenda m'thupi, monga poizoni kwachilengedwenso ndi mankhwala zambiri excreted ndi impsozo. The ndondomeko pathological isanafalikire mwachindunji mu impso, mulole kuonjezera permeability wa nembanemba ndi glomerulus chifukwa kutayikira izi maselo magazi. Choyenera chomwe chaonetsedwa ndi kukhalapo kwa maselo ofiira a magazi mu mkodzo amatchedwa hematuria. Ndi chiyani icho? Kodi chimayambitsa zodabwitsazi? Kodi chithandizo chofunika? Awa ndi mafunso ena m'nkhani.

Mitundu ya haematuria

Kuchokera pa vutoli, haematuria (zizindikiro matenda ali pansipa) lagawidwa:

• extrarenal kumphatikiza ndi choipa, kapena matenda a impso;
• aimpso, ikusintha chifukwa kudwala aimpso;
• postrenal kuti kumachitika pamene chidwi ndi kapepala mkodzo ndi chikhodzodzo.

Ngati chikupezeka mu mkodzo wa kuchuluka mokwanira lalikulu la magazi ndi mkodzo umakhala wofiira kwambiri, ndiye pali makrgematuriya.

Ngati maselo ofiira alipo mu mkodzo mu pang'ono mkodzo ndi mtundu akanali yemweyo, akulankhula za hematuria tosaoneka.

Kuchokera pa mfundo imene pano mkodzo mbali magazi apezeke hematuria koyamba (mu 1 mtanda), okwana (onse magawo atatu), mapeto (mu gawo otsiriza). kulekana Izi zimathandiza kudziwa zimene mlingo wa dongosolo mkodzo akufotokozera ndondomeko pathological: kugonjetsedwa pamwambapa, kenako mu mkodzo kuoneka maselo ofiira.

Pamene olekanitsidwa matenda a njira ya mkodzo nthawi zonse anali kuphatikiza proteinuria ndi hematuria. Proteinuria - ndi chikhalidwe amene amakhala ndi mapuloteni mu mkodzo. Chinawonjezeka kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni mu mkodzo ndi chizindikiro ambiri matenda Urological.

syndrome haematuria

kudwala izi zikhoza limodzi ndi ululu mkodzo ndi chikhodzodzo pa pokodza, kapena patsogolo pa izo. Nthawi zina ululu ndi okhazikika ukundipweteka khalidwe.

Ululu m'dera lumbar, mmbali, pansi tsamba phewa akhoza amasonyeza kutupa impso, zoopsa, Nephroptosis (impso ptosis).

Zizindikiro Common a kutaika kwa magazi ndi okwana zizindikiro hematuria mu mulandu - paleness, kufooka, ludzu, chizungulire.

Angaime mchenga, concretions, kusonyeza urolithiasis. Mu nkhani ya padera zonenepa (elongated kuundana) a mtundu wa chikasu kapena zofiirira tinganene chotupa (kutupa kapena zoopsa) aimpso parenchyma.

Khungu lachikasu, Kamaoneka mithunzi akusonyeza kuti iye analibe ntchito ya ndulu, chiwindi, hemolysis, kuwonongedwa kwa maselo ofiira a magazi.

Yopweteka kwambiri kapena yokhalitsa magazi yaitali mu dongosolo mkodzo, imene nthawi yochepa lalikulu magazi aumirira anapanga overlying khomo mkodzo, ndikumutsogolera kuti n'zosatheka kuchotsa chikhodzodzo. Komanso, linanena bungwe mkodzo akhoza watsekedwa ndi mwala waukulu.

Kodi chimayambitsa vuto limeneli?

Ngati anapeza hematuria, chifukwa zodabwitsazi angakhale osiyana. Nthawi zambiri akufotokozera kudwala a zotupa, matenda yotupa, kuvulala pa mundawo mkodzo, miyala impso, glomerulonephritis, TB, matenda a impso, magazi matenda.

Mwachibadwa, hematuria chosowa kwambiri. Ndi chosaopsa Mkhalidwe mu umene tosaoneka hematuria matenda - matenda a woonda nembanemba glomerular chapansi. Nthawi zambiri, achibale a odwalawo amagwiritsidwa wapezeka milandu matenda. Microhematuria ali ndi khalidwe akutali ndi chitukuko cha kulephera aimpso zimachokeradi.

Microhematuria angagwe pambuyo kuthamanga yaitali kapena kuyenda. Pambuyo kutha kwa erythrocytes zolimbitsa thupi kutha. Kodi amanena kuti chitukuko cha chodabwitsa lero si yeniyeni zotsimikizika.

Gross hematuria sakupezedwa anthu athanzi. Matenda zambiri limasonyeza zotupa aakulu wa kapepalako mkodzo kapena minofu impso.

N'chifukwa angayambe nonrenal hematuria? Chifukwa zodabwitsazi akukhudzana kuphwanya umphumphu wa mkodzo thirakiti mucosa. Previous kwa kuwonongeka kwa chotupa, ndi zotupa yotupa kapena choipa, nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi ulceration. Hematuria chikhodzodzo mwala mapangidwe, kapena chifukwa cha ndime ya mwala ureters, mkodzo, chikhodzodzo. Anticoagulant ambiri osokoneza zingachititse magazi a mucosa pa mundawo mkodzo.

Aimpso hematuria akufotokozera chifukwa njira zowononga mu zimakhala impso, matenda a outflow venous ndi necrotizing vasculitis. Glomerular hematuria immunoinflammatory kugwirizana ndi glomerular chapansi Kakhungu kuwonongeka kapena kuvutika kobadwa nako. Komanso, aimpso hematuria amapezeka zotupa yotupa ndi poizoni wa tubules. Kudwala ungayambenso chifukwa cha kumatheka aimpso intravascular coagulation.

Choncho, hematuria - chiyani komanso chifukwa umayambira? Chotero chikhalidwe zingabuke chifukwa cha kudwala mbali zosiyanasiyana za dongosolo la mkodzo.

Prostate:

• Khansa.
• kutupa Prostate (prostatitis).
• Otchedwa benign prostatic hyperplasia.

mkodzo:

• thupi zakunja mkodzo ndi.
• Vutoli mkodzo.
• Chotupa mkodzo. Khansa ya mkodzo ndi osowa ndipo nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi urethrorrhagia - maonekedwe a magazi kuchokera mkodzo pakati pokodza.
• Kutupa kwa mkodzo (urethritis).

Upper mkodzo thirakiti:

• Ozama mabala, zoopsa yosamveka.
• Impso. Nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha hematuria amachita urolithiasis. Mu aimpso papilla anapanga madipoziti mchere, chifukwa mu dongosolo ngalande anapanga miyala impso. miyala impso akhoza alibe kuonekera, koma mkwiyo kapena kutupa nembanemba mucous pa mundawo mkodzo pali magazi mu mkodzo.
• Impso chotupa. An chizindikiro zedi khansa impso ndi nyongolotsi-ngati magazi kuundana mu mkodzo. Magazi uonekere chifukwa zotupa chosaopsa.
• Infection.
• kuvutika kobadwa nako (cysts mu impso).
• matenda magazi (amapatsira mwana wake, zenga magazi m'thupi selo, m'magazi).
• Aimpso mtsempha thrombosis, aimpso embolism.
• Impso matenda: glomerulonephritis (mu nkhani iyi, magazi mu mkodzo angathe kuonedwa okha ndi maso a), pyelonephritis (ndi magazi awa matenda mkodzo sitingazimvetse limodzi ndi kuukira ululu, koma nthawi zambiri matenda yodziwika ndi malungo, kupweteka kwa msana, mwina magazi poyizoni).

ureter:

• Ngozi.
• Kutuluka matenda.
• thanthwe lomenyera ureter lapansi.
• Ureteral chotupa matenda.

M'munsi mkodzo thirakiti:

• Infection: hemorrhagic cystitis (matenda aakulu, amene amakhala ndi magazi kuchokera chikhodzodzo), likodzo (chikhodzodzo zimakhudza mphutsi parasitic), chikhodzodzo TB.
• Ngozi ya chikhodzodzo.
• Urolithiasis.
• Chikhodzodzo chotupa (chofunika kwambiri kudziwa maonekedwe a hematuria sabweretsa chisoni, izo adzakupatsani mwayi oterewa oyambirira matenda siteji ndi akwanitsa ankachita).
• Walitsa a chikhodzodzo.
• Chotero medicament, monga "Cyclophosphamide" amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchiza khansa, lingachititse maonekedwe a mkodzo magazi.

diagnostics

Pamwamba tinakambirana zizindikiro ndi zinthu zodabwitsa monga hematuria, izo kudziwika kwa ife. Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane njira ya matenda a kudwala izi. Kuti awulule hematuria, mkodzo chofunika phunziro la zasayansi. Onani kuti mtundu wa mkodzo si kuti kupezeka kwa magazi. Mkodzo akhale zauve pinki kapena kuwala hue wofiira chifukwa kumwa mankhwala ena.

Phunziro pa Nechiporenko njira

Choyamba m'mawa mkodzo anali anasonkhana (pafupifupi 150 ml). Pamaso kusonkhanitsa ndondomeko mokakamiza m'nyengo m'mawa Chimbudzi cha kumaliseche. Makontena a kusonkhanitsa ayenera kukhala wosabala. Kusamutsidwa kwa zasayansi chifukwa cha nkhani kafukufuku zofunika maola 2.

Kuphunzira tsiku buku mkodzo

Mkodzo chitsanzo kuyamba kusonkhanitsa kwa madzi yachiwiri ya m'mawa ndi kutsiriza tsiku lotsatira woyamba m'mawa pokodza. Mwa wina mkodzo tsiku anali pamodzi chidebe wosakwatiwa, kuyambira voliyumu anali mapulani wosakaniza bwino ndi gawo (150 ml) akuponyedwa mu chidebe osiyana. Mu ndondomeko ya kutolera mkodzo ayenera kusunga ukhondo. Kuti bwino kusunga chuma, usawonongeke wapadera ntchito.

njira zina za kafukufuku

Kugwira chitayiko wamamamayikirosikopu kudziwa chiwerengero maselo a magazi m'munda wa view. Kudziwa ngati tubules akudzudzumika glomeruli, ndi kudzera gawo Mosiyana wamamamayikirosikopu matope mkodzo.

matenda masiyanidwe kumafuna ultrasound m'chiuno, ndipo impso, cystoscopy biopsy ekstretornoy urography, retrograde renografii, aimpso maphunziro biopsy testes ndi prostate, mkodzo chikhalidwe mu sing'anga michere (kutsimikiza tizilombo toyambitsa), kompyuta tomography ndi x-ray (kudziwika thupi yachilendo).

Hematuria: matenda chithandizo

Hematuria - ndi chizindikiro, kotero mankhwalawa zodabwitsazi ayenera idzachitika molumikizana ndi mankhwala a matenda chachikulu.

Pakuti mankhwala mpumulo ntchito magazi "Vikasol", "Dicynonum", asidi aminocaproic, calcium kolorayidi njira 10%. Ngati kutaya magazi kuposa 500 ml, kubwezeretsanso buku magazi chofunika kuchititsa kulowetsedwa mankhwala.

Ngati ureter kapena mkodzo anapeza kakyulasi, mankhwala ntchito MANKHWALA OLETSA VUTOLI ndi njira matenthedwe kuti atsogolere expectoration ake. Ngati paokha kuti mwala sangakhoze ikuchitika yatetsedwa mwachangu ndi cystoscopic m'zigawo.

Pakuti kuvulala impso lacerations ndi hematomas kupanga zofunika opaleshoni mwadzidzidzi.

Pankhani ya osakaniza proteinuria ndi haematuria yoikidwiratu corticosteroids.

Ngati matenda hematuria aakulu, chithandizo zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo ndi mavitamini a gulu B.

Ngati chosayenerera mwana

Hematuria ana nthawi zambiri amagwirizana ndi zotupa za parenchyma ndi aimpso. Kutangoyamba, mwamsanga pambuyo pa kubadwa, vuto lobadwa zimapezeka: .. Kukhalapo cysts, impso chinkhupule, etc. The njira Kupenda mwanayo kuyenera kuphatikizapo urinalysis.

Matenda aimpso kukha mwazi mwana akhoza zidzayambike ndi matenda TB, moyenda azitengapo ana aang'ono. Chifukwa matenda majini a dongosolo magazi coagulation ndi magazi kumachitika hematuria angapo, mu nkhani iyi, ndi limodzi mwa telangiectasia ndi hematoma. mwana akhoza atagundidwa mu kugwa. Ngati hematuria chili mwa achibale magazi popanda kuphwanya thanzi la mwanayo si lilibe chosaopsa banja hematuria, amagwirizana ndi chotero chodabwitsa khalidwe la dongosolo la impso ndi.

Makolo ayenera kusamala kwambiri. nkhawa mwanayo ayenera kukadziwitsa iwo, kotero angasonyeze ululu. Muyeneranso kulabadira thupi kutentha ndi posungira mkodzo.

Hematuria ana angathe kuyamba chifukwa cha matenda streptococcal, izi zimakhudza parenchyma aimpso. Atamwa matenda a thirakiti chapamwamba kupuma kumapangitsa IgA-nephropathy. Nthawi zambiri, ndi kudwala ndi mtima wabwino, ndi chitukuko cha kulephera aakulu aimpso zimachokeradi. Zilonda njira ya matenda akuwonetseredwa chifukwa chotengera kuchuluka magazi, proteinuria, atachita hematuria.

Hematuria mimba

Nthawi zambiri, hematuria mu akazi pa kubala amapezeka trimester 2-3. zipatso kukula, ndi ureters mwamtundu chiberekero - uyu ali zoyipa pa ntchito aimpso. Zotsatira za stagnation ya mkodzo mu mafupa a chiuno mwina mapangidwe miyala, amene kuwononga epithelium ndi chifukwa magazi. Mosavuta osauka hematuria ukuwonjezeka kwambiri ngati amayi oyembekezera amadwala kutupa impso kapena iye ali aakulu kulephera aimpso. Nkofunika kuti tisasokoneze magazi uterine ndi magazi kuchokera thirakiti mkodzo. Popeza yoyamba ya ngozi kwa mayi komanso mwana wosabadwayo. Ponyamula mwana imayendetsa dongosolo magazi coagulation ndi chilangizo chake amapatsidwa kulandira kukonzekera mwapadera. Hematuria mu akazi pa mimba bwino zimayamba ndi kutenga anticoagulants, ndipo kudzagwira magazi, ndi wokwanira kuwanyamulira iwo.

Pomaliza

Urological matenda, pakalibe chithandizo chokwanira lingachititse khansa, matenda osiyanasiyana yotupa, zosokonezeka zambiri. Mu zina, chizindikiro chabe cha matenda a dongosolo mkodzo ndi hematuria. N'chiyani mwaphunzira nkhani imeneyi. Usasiye popanda tcheru zodabwitsazi, ndi pamene wapezeka yomweyo funsani dokotala. Njira yokha yomwe inu mukhale ndi thanzi lanu, ndi zina moyo. Dzisamalire!