Galimoto dongosolo injini mafuta kuchokera A kuti Z. chiwembu mafuta dongosolo la injini dizilo ndi injini mafuta

dongosolo mafuta - ndi mbali yofunika ya galimoto iliyonse masiku ano. Kuti lili ndi maonekedwe a mafuta mu zonenepa engine. Choncho, mafuta ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za makina kapangidwe lonse. M'nkhani lero chithunzi cha dongosolo mafuta tidzakambirana, matabwa ake ndi ntchito.

kusankhidwa

Ntchito yaikulu ya wagawo izi ndi kupereka mkati kuyaka injini wina kuchuluka kwa mafuta. Poyamba pamaso umadutsa zinthu zingapo kuyeretsedwa ndi akudyetsedwa mu yamphamvu ndi kwambiri.

chipangizo mfundo

Oddly zokwanira, koma chiwembu cha injini dizilo dongosolo mafuta ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi Akhristu petulo. Kusiyana komwe kulipo pakati pa iwo lagona pa dongosolo jekeseni. Koma zambiri za izo mtsogolo, koma tsopano tiyeni tiyang'ane pa kamangidwe ka malo.

Choncho, dongosolo mafuta chiwembu kumapereka lingaliro la kukhalapo kwa zotsatirazi zinthu kapangidwe:

• The mafuta a galimoto. amafotokozera izi zikhoza chopangidwa kuchokera pepala zitsulo kapena ndi polypropylene wandiweyani kwambiri. Mu magalimoto zonyamula osinthasintha msewu thanki mafuta yakwera pansi. Mu galimoto yonyamula katundu, mu mathirakitala makamaka, izo ananamizira zogwiriziza chapadera pakati pa kumbuyo ndi kutsogolo chitsulo chogwira matayala (kumanja kapena kumanzere). Thanki mafuta ali vavu popewa mafuta outflow rollover galimoto.
• Pongotayira kapu. chinthu chomwe anasankha chikugwirizirana ndi ulusi wapadera, chomwe chimathandiza mpweya polowera ku tithe kumvetsa kumasulira kwake. Koma dalaivalayo zinali yabwino unscrew chophimba pa lili ndi ratchet wapadera. Komanso chinthu ichi ali ndi valavu chitetezo imene galimoto alowa pa ngozi ya galimoto kuthetsa kuthamanga mwa thanki. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, mu makina amakono ndi exhausts muyezo "Yuro-2" ndi zina ingress wa mafuta nthunzi kwa mlengalenga sikuloledwa. Choncho, kugwila iwo mu dongosolo waikidwa wapadera mpweya adsorber.
• mpope mafuta. mchitidwe Izi zili pagalimoto magetsi ndi ili mkati thanki. mpope ukulamulidwa amagetsi kulamulira unit. Poyankha mfundo imene kulandirana wapadera. Pamene dalaivala amatembenuza poyatsira ON, mozama nthawi zina (zosaposa 4-5 masekondi), potero kupereka kuthamanga analakalaka dongosolo kuyamba injini. Komanso Dziwani kuti mpope ndi utakhazikika mafuta. Choncho, ntchito ndi thanki kanthu lingaonongeke.
• Mafuta fyuluta. Nthawi zambiri, galimotoyo okonzeka ndi mitundu iwiri ya zinthu deta. limagwirira uyu wa chabwino ndi coarse kuyaka. strainer The yakwera mafuta mpope nyumba. Akamanena za ntchito yake lagona mu mantha a Mankhwala oipitsa kuti asalowe injini ndi kupanga mwaye owonjezera. Komanso, sefa ntchito kwambiri bwino moyo opaleshoni, kuteteza kuti asaipitsidwe pafupipafupi. chabwino limagwirira kuyeretsa ili pansi pa thupi, moyang'anizana ndi kumbuyo galimoto kuyimitsidwa. mtundu wa fyuluta zachokera chinthu pepala chimene chingathe kugwira particles dothi, phula chitayiko, zomwe zingawononge dongosolo mafuta.

Kachipangizo mlingo mafuta

Inkakhala pa mpope gawo. Ndi mamangidwe ndi kachipangizo mafuta msinkhu ndi dongosolo yaing'ono wopangidwa mwa zimatengedwa ndi variable kukana kukhudzana limagwirira ndi nayiloni. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zomwe zili mu thanki mafuta, kulimbikira kwa kusintha zinthu, zomwe atakhazikitsa singano mu chida gululi mu kanyumba. Tikumbukenso kuti kachipangizo mafuta si ali wokhumudwa kwambiri chifukwa cha khalidwe osauka zina mafuta ndipo simuphwanya pamene pafupipafupi kusintha kutentha ndi kuthamanga mkati thanki.

limes

mchitidwe tichipeza nozzles anayi, omwe ali ndi nipple anapereka. The limbikitsa waikidwa pa zakudya zobwezedwa, ndi kuchita ntchito ya kusowa mafuta aliyense yamphamvu.

nozzles

Zimenezi ndi zofunika makamaka galimoto, popeza izo zimatengera chikhalidwe cha khalidwe la kuyaka kwa kusakaniza mafuta mpweya, ndi mowa mphamvu ya galimoto. The nozzle ndi limagwirira ang'ono ndi valavu solenoid. Last umalamulidwa ndi ECU. Pamene ulamuliro wagawo limalamula magetsi kwa nozzle kumulowetsa, anatseka mpira vavu chikuyamba ndi mafuta imaloŵa nebulizers nozzle mbale. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, mbale ali nawo mauna kuti ntchito kusintha mafuta. Mafuta jekeseni mu nozzle njira kuli nthambi angapo polowera. Choncho, izo ukuphwera asanalowe m'chipinda kuyaka.

Mitundu ya kachitidwe mafuta yobereka

Pakali pano, kusiyanitsa pakati pa mitundu yambiri ya kachitidwe mafuta, amene ntchito mu dizilo ndi mafuta injini. Makamaka, mafuta mkati kuyaka injini mafuta okwanira dongosolo zina ogaŵikana mitundu iwiri ndipo kungakhale carburetor kapena injector. Magulu onsewa ndi kusiyana kwawo mu kapangidwe ndi ntchito.

carburetor Features

Chachikulu kusiyana kwa dongosolo lino kuchokera injector mafuta ndi a smeseobrazovatelya yapadera. Dzina iye - carburetor. Apa ndi pamene pali yokonza kusakaniza mafuta mpweya. Anatipatsa carburetor pa zakudya zobwezedwa. Kuti ndi kudyetsedwa mafuta amene sprayed m'tsogolo mwa Jets ndi zimasakanikirana ndi mpweya. The osakaniza yomalizidwa zimalowa ndi zidziwike kudzera valavu fulumizitsa. Udindo wa iwowa zimadalira mlingo wa katundu injini ndi chiwerengero cha kusintha kwake. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, mafuta okwanira dongosolo chithunzi cha injini mafuta zikusonyezedwa chithunzi pansipa:

Monga mukuonera, mu njira ya kukonzekera ndiponso mafuta kuyaka osakaniza ndi adamulowetsa masensa ambiri pakompyuta. Wa zinthu zofunika kwambiri galimoto amaimira fulumizitsa malo sensa ndi kusintha crankshaft.

Onaninso kuti dongosolo mafuta dera (UAZ "mikate" kuphatikizapo) mtundu carburettor losiyana mlingo wochepa kuthamanga, umene unakhazikitsidwa ku jekeseni wa mafuta. Chimodzimodzi kotunga mafuta ndi zonenepa injini imagwiridwa ndi yokoka, i.e. ndi kutsitsa kuthamanga m'chipinda kuyaka mu kusintha kwa pisitoni pa BDC.

Features wa injector ndi

dongosolo chiwembu mafuta ( "Mercedes E200" kuphatikizapo) jekeseni mtundu ali kusiyana lofunika ku carburetor analogi:

• Choyamba, akasinja mafuta izo umaperekedwa kwa limbikitsa, amene olumikiza nozzle kutsitsi.
• Chachiwiri, mpweya m'chipinda injini kuyaka umaperekedwa kudzera chipangizo wapadera fulumizitsa.
• Chachitatu, mlingo wa kuthamanga kwaiye mpope mu dongosolo, nthawi zina kuposa kuti amalenga carburetor limagwirira. zodabwitsazi anafotokoza chifukwa kufunika kuonetsetsa kudya mafuta jekeseni nozzle m'chipinda kuyaka.

Koma osati izi ziri mosiyana ndi dongosolo carburetor mafuta jekeseni. "Chevrolet Niva" (chithunzi cha mafuta ake zafotokozeredwa chithunzi m'munsimu), komanso magalimoto ena amakono, ali nazo ake otchedwa "ubongo pakompyuta", kutanthauza kuti ECU. Last udindo kusonkhanitsa ndi processing mfundo masensa onse alipo mu galimoto.

Choncho, ECU komanso asaaonerera mafuta jekeseni. Malinga akafuna zamagetsi ndi Mzimuyo wotani osakaniza ayenera kudyetsedwa mu yamphamvu - osauka kapena olemera. Koma osati chithunzi ichi losiyana mafuta system ( "Ford T» CDi kuphatikizapo) mtundu jekeseni. Kuti kukhoza kukhala ndi chiwerengero osiyanasiyana nozzles. Tikambirana mu gawo lotsatira.

Chiwembu mafuta jekeseni pa galimoto jekeseni

Pakali pano, pali mitundu iwiri ya kachitidwe jekeseni:

• Monovpryskovye.
• Ndi jekeseni angapo.

Mbali yoyamba, mafuta okwanira kuti zonenepa zonse chinagwira ntchito nozzle wina. Pa nthawi imeneyi machitidwe monovpryskovye si ntchito magalimoto amakono, sitinganene za magalimoto ndi jekeseni kugawa. Mbali ya injectors zoterezi ndi aliyense yamphamvu anapereka, yake nozzle payekha. Izi chithunzi unsembe ndi odalirika kwambiri, koma chifukwa ntchito ndi automakers zamakono zonse.

Kodi injector?

Mfundo dongosolo lophweka. Mafuta kuchokera thanki ndi mpope akudyetsedwa kuti njanji (pali mafuta pa kuthamanga). Kenako umapita ku injector, kupyolera amene sprayed mu chipinda kuyaka. Tikumbukenso kuti jekeseni si okhazikika, ndi pa intervals ena. Pa nthawi yomweyo mwa kundipatsako kwa mafuta mu mlengalenga akulowa dongosolo. Pamene mafuta osakaniza mapangidwe zinachitika mu chiwerengero inayake, akulowa m'chipinda kuyaka. Ndondomeko kukonzekera chisakanizo cha injectors kangapo mofulumira kuposa injini mafuta. Kuona kuti ntchito ya kupopera nozzles asaaonerera zingapo masensa zina. Only iwo chizindikiro amagetsi kulamulira wagawo limalamula mafuta jekeseni. Monga mukuonera, mafuta jekeseni-mtundu dongosolo dera ndi osiyana carburetor lapansi. Choyamba, pali nozzles osiyana zomwe zikugwira jekeseni mafuta m'chipinda kuyaka. Ndi zina, monga magalimoto mafuta, ndi mphamvu pulagi anatembenukira kuyaka mkombero ikuchitika, limene n'kukhala pisitoni sitiroko.

Galimoto dongosolo la mafuta injini dizilo

Dizilo injini mafuta okwanira dongosolo ali makhalidwe yake. Choyamba, mafuta okwanira m'chipinda kuyaka ikuchitika opanikizika nozzle kwambiri. Kwenikweni, chifukwa ichi ndi uyatsa osakaniza zonenepa ndi. Pa yemweyo jekeseni injini osakaniza anali akuunika njira ya mphamvu analengedwa ndi mphamvu pulagi. Kachiwiri, kuthamanga mkati dongosolo ndipamene mafuta mpope (paipi mafuta mpope).

Ndiko kuti, dongosolo mafuta dera (MAZ KamAZov ndipo kuphatikizapo) kotero kuti kamodzi naos awiri ntchito jekeseni. Mmodzi otsika kuthamanga, wachiwiri - mkulu. Origin (wochedwanso priming) ndi kupereka mafuta kuchokera thanki ndi wachiwiri kotunga mafuta mwachindunji nawo injector lapansi.

Pansipa pali chithunzi cha dongosolo mafuta (KamAz 5320):

Monga mukuonera, limagwiritsa ntchito zinthu kwambiri kuposa magalimoto mafuta. Mwa njira, pa ena mabaibulo KAMAZ injini ali Komanso anamanga turbocharger. Yotsirizira akuchita ntchito ya kuchepetsa mpweya utsi ndi pa nthawi yomweyo kumawonjezera munkalowa olimbana kuyaka mkati. Chotero chiwembu cha dongosolo mafuta (KamAz 5320-5410) akulola mafuta jekeseni pa kuthamanga apamwamba. Pankhaniyi, chiwerengero mafuta amakhalabe pa mlingo chomwecho.

ndi aligorivimu

Mfundo ntchito machitidwe dizilo, ali ndi zinthu zambiri, mosiyana injector lapansi. Chiwembu mafuta system ( "Ford T» TDI) ngati kuti mafuta ntchito chakudya mpope umadutsa sefa chabwino ndi kudyetsedwa kwa mpope jekeseni. Apo izo pansi kuthamanga akulowa injector ili mu mutu yamphamvu. Pa nthawi yoyenera, limagwirira tidutse, kenako sprayed mafuta osakaniza amapezeka mu chipinda, amene vavu umaperekedwa kudzera osiyana mpweya chisanadze woyeretsedwa. Mbali owonjezera mpope jekeseni dizilo ndi nozzle abwerera ku thanki (koma osati mwa sefa, ndi pa TV osiyana - machubu Reflux). Choncho, dongosolo mafuta chithunzi cha injini dizilo imavuta kwambiri ndipo amafuna mogometsa kwambiri pokonza osakaniza kuyaka. Choncho, ngati ndalama injini yokonza n'zapamwamba kuposa kwa yokonza jekeseni.

Pomaliza

Choncho tidadzatulukira chimene chimaoneka chithunzi cha dongosolo mafuta olimbana dizilo ndi mafuta. Monga mukuonera, chipangizo deta mfundo sasiyana ndi mzake, kupatula mtundu wa mpope mafuta. Komabe, mosasamala chimene chiwembu cha dongosolo mafuta, nthawi yokonza mafuta osakaniza magalimoto amakono ndi laling'ono kwambiri. Choncho, njira ziyenera kugwirira ntchito molondola ndi bwino ngati n'kotheka, chifukwa glitch pang'ono mu magwiridwe awo zingachititse woyaka m'goli la mafuta ndi wonongeka olimbana kuyaka mkati.