Erlih Volf Iosifovich - Soviet ndakatulo: yonena, zilandiridwenso

dzina lake si mokweza, koma umabweretsa wachikondi kwambiri ndi chisoni ... The admirer mwachangu Armenia, ndakatulo amphatso ndi munthu wabwino, Sergei Yesenin ndi zowawa ndi zosapsa womwalirayo bwenzi chisoni ndi funde la kupondereza anthu, koma sanaiwale - Erlih Volf. Iye - mlembi ndakatulo chodabwitsa, mabuku ana ndi ntchito yaikulu imene akhala zapamwamba za mabuku Soviet.

Volf Iosifovich Erlih, Wambiri

I. Wolf anabadwa June 7, 1902 m'tauni ya Simbirsk, banja la Volga Germany. bambo ake - ndi pharmacist, Erlih Iosif Lazarevich. Mayi - Anna Moiseevna mlongo - Tolkacheva Mirra losifovna.

Volf Erlih ndakatulo ndi nkhani loyamba anayamba kulemba pamene kuphunzira pa Simbirsk zolimbitsa thupi. Pambuyo pa mapeto a izo, iye analowa University of Kazan. Poyamba, iye anaphunzira ku mkhalidwe of Medicine, ndi ndipo umasamutsidwa ku History ndi Philology. Mu 1920, iye anatumikira mu 1 Regiment Chathetsa Kazan. The nkhondo yapachiweniweni anali Red Army msilikali, GPU Mlembi wa Education wa Republic of Committee Tatarstan.

Volf Erlih anafika ku Petrograd mu 1921. Poyamba iye anaphunzira ku University City mu luso la zolembalemba ndi luso, koma, mwatsoka, anachotsedwa posowa ubwenzi. Iye anali ophunzira yogwira kutsutsana andale ndi zolembalemba, analowa otchuka pa nthawi "Order Imagist". Kuwonjezera Ehrlich, mmenemo Ena wa Leningrad andakatulo Umuna Polotsk, Nikolay Grigorov Ivan Afanasyev, Soloviev, Gregory Shmerelson. Mu 1925, Wolf anatumikira monga Ehrlich ntchito udindo pa nyumba yoyamba ku Bungwe la Leningrad.

Ndime yoyamba

deta yake yoyamba ya ndakatulo wotchedwa "Wolf a Sun" Erlih Volf linatuluka mu 1928. Kenako "Buku la Maulendo," ndiyeno "zida". Lotsatira anali "Buku la ndakatulo" deta, linatuluka mu 1934, ndiye "Order ya Nkhondo" (1935). Mu 1929, Ehrlich analemba ndakatulo za Sofe Perovskoy kudziwika chosintha, kulinganiza kuphedwa kwa Mfumu Alexander II. Mu 30s iye ntchito mu "Leningrad" magazini mkonzi bolodi, ndiye - mu nyuzipepala "chosayenera." Mu 1932 iye anapita ku malo kumanga kwambiri m'dziko - White Nyanja Baltic Ngalande. The lonse 1935 unachitikira ku Far East, pamodzi ndi alembi ena kulenga "masiku Volochaevskaya."

Pamene ankadziwika

"Buku la vesi" Wolf Ehrlich yosavuta kumva, zosavuta kuwerenga, komanso onse a ndakatulo wake ndi prose. ntchito zake zonse ndi matanthauzo akuya, ofunika kuwaganizira. Mu 1937, membala wa Union of Soviet Writers I. Wolf lofalitsidwa kusonkhanitsa ana awiri a ndakatulo ndi buku 'Zachilendo Zopatsa Chidwi cha abwenzi. " Wolf Ehrlich ntchito asindikizidwe m'nyuzipepala odziwika ndi magazini monga "m'nthawi zolembalemba," "Red Night", "The Star". Kuwonjezera ntchito zawo zolembalemba, Erlih Volf anamasuliridwa ku Armenia. Mwa ndakatulo zimenezi Mkrtich Achemyan, Mkrtich Nagash.

"The chokumbukira Yesenin"

Kwa nthawi yoyamba takumana ndi pa ntchito za Yesenin, Wolfe I. chidwi ndi kudzipereka, kuya kwa ndakatulo wake. Iwo anakumana mu 1924 mu Leningrad, ndipo kenako womdziwa awo unakula kukhala pa ubwenzi wolimba kuti chinakhalapo mpaka tsiku lomaliza la moyo Sergeya Esenina.

Ngakhale Ehrlich anali kale, ndakatulo yake zinatuluka mu Leningrad manyuzipepala ndi magazini. Monga olemba ena, iye nawo kuwerenga ndakatulo. Mu 1924 Erlih Volf ndi SERGEY Esenin anali wachangu ndakatulo wake mu Leningrad ndi midzi yake, kuphatikizapo Tsarskoe Selo. Kumeneko iwo adamkozera mwambo chithunzi ndi ophunzira a Institute of Agriculture. SERGEY Esenin nthawi acemera Ehrlich mapulani awo kulenga, kupenda chawo ndi malo awo, kusonyeza kuti pangozi ya amakhulupirira mzake. Patapita zaka imfa Yesenin ndi ambiri ndikunenezani Ehrlich nawo za kupha wake, koma M'pofunikanso kukumbukira za ubale wawo, akunjenjemera ubwenzi wawo ofunda, ndipo Kudaonekeratu poyera kuti mphekesera onsewa - bodza.

Kamodzi, pa phwando pa Anna Abramovna Berzin Yesenin ndinawerenga mungolemba ndakatulo, wake "The Song wa Misonkhano Great". Berzin ali anapereka kwa kuzilengeza mu magazini ya. Wolfe I. yomweyo analemba pamtima ndakatulo lonse SERGEY Esenin anapanga okha kusinthidwa zazing'ono ndi kusainidwa. Atachoka, Anna Abramovna ananyamula mpukutu ndi magazini "October".

Buku lokhalo la Maulendo prose Ehrlich anakhala "ufulu nyimbo," lolembedwa mu 1930. M'mawu oyamba, wolemba akuyerekeza ndakatulo ndi asilikali malata, analota ku tulo take, umene pambuyo anagula chenicheni. Iye zodabwitsa kumene itha Sergei Yesenin, amene anali atafa, ndipo pamene akuyamba Yesenin amene anaona loto? Iye ngati akulankhula za zithunzi zosiyanasiyana za munthu yemweyo, izi ndi kubwera nawo, idealized. Mu Maulendo awa akulongosola yekha mfundo zofunika kwambiri kudziwika kwa iye, koma iye anakhala mu nthawi yotero, akhagopa chomwe sichikanati sanganame.

Mu buku lino, I. Wolff chimakamba za ubwenzi wake ndi Yesenin, za zaka ziwiri zapitazi moyo lalikulu ndakatulo a. Mu izo, iye akutchula otsiriza ndakatulo Esenina, amene anapatsa kwa Ehrlich asanafe.

-Bwino, bwenzi

M'mawa yoopsya ya December 28, 1925 Erlih Volf oyamba kupeza thupi la Esenina mu hotelo "Angleterre". Aakulu mantha imfa ya mnzake wapamtima, iye anapeza mphamvu kutenga nawo mbali mu kutsanzikana miyambo, kumene kunachitika December 29 pa Leningrad Nyumba ya Writers pa Fontanka Mtsinje. Kenako Ehrlich ndi Sophia Tolstoy-Yesenin, mkazi wamasiye ndakatulo, ndipo anapita bokosi ku Moscow. December 31, 1925 Sergeya Esenina anaikidwa pa manda Vagankovsky.

Armenia

Cha m'ma 20 ntchentche I. Wolf ndi mnzake Nikolaem Tihonovym anapita ulendo wake woyamba Armenia. Pali iwo anapita Argatse kupita mapiri chiphala cha Sevan anathyola Geghama mapiri, anapita obisika, zomwe anthu am'deralo kuitana Ayrivank. Ganizolo dziko lino pa Iosifovicha Wolf, sakanachitira mwina koma kuganizira ntchito ya ndakatulo iyi. Choncho panali "Alagezskie nkhani" ndi "Armenia."

Sikuti anapambana chikhalidwe yaikulu ya Ehrlich, komanso anthu. Iye anati mnzake Nikolai Tikhonov: "... Ine ndaona anthu ambiri, koma ndikufuna kuti muone zambiri ...." Ndipo sanangowamvera kubwerera ku Armenia. Mu Ararati chigwa analankhulana ndi alimi pa Arakas ine ndinapanga ubwenzi ndi alonda malire, anasangalala ndi luntha Chiameniya, pafupi ndi kutenga mavuto onse a alendo. Armenia kwathunthu wokhawokha mtima Ehrlich. Mwatsoka, chikondi wakhala koopsya kwa iye.

linasokonekera

Mu 1937, pamene pa ulendo wopita ku Armenia, iye ankafuna kuti alembe nkhani za anabwerako, koma izi zinali choncho. M'chaka iye anagwidwa July 19 Yerevan ndipo anatumiza pansi operekeza kuti Leningrad. Mu kugwa kwa November 19 chaka chomwecho Ehrlich analamulidwa chifukwa ndiwe wa zigawenga gulu Trotskyists omwe kwenikweni kulibe. chigamulochi anaphedwa November 24, 1937. Ndi patapita zaka 19 ya usilikali Collegium za Supreme Court Erlih Volf anali linagamula chifukwa chosowa zochita zake zimapanga mlandu.