Volf Erlih: yonena, zithunzi. Volf Erlih ndi Yesenin

Chiyambi cha m'nthawi ya Soviet Union mu Russia zinali zodzaza ndi maonekedwe a ntchito zambiri mabuku, ku cholembera cha wotchuka ndi olemba koma pang'ono odziwika. Talente imodzi amenewa anali ndi Soviet ndakatulo Volf Erlih, za chilengedwe zomwe tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane.

Owerenga amakono dzina pafupifupi osadziwika, koma m'nthawi ankadziwa bwino kuti yokhudza vesi mawu a ndakatulo iyi.

Kodi anakumbukira ndi munthu uyu?

Tidzayensa funso limeneli.

Childhood ndi unyamata a ndakatulo iyi

Wolf Erlich anabadwa mu Simbirsk mu 1902. Bambo ake anali pharmacist, mayi ake - ndi mayi. Labambo ndakatulo amabwerera M'Chiheberi, ndipo limatanthauza 'anali munthu woopa Mulungu. "

Wolemba ndakatulo ngati mbadwa ya banja la Ayuda zinali zovuta kwambiri kukhalabe awo maphunziro apamwamba. Mnyamata kuyambira ali m'moto wa ntchito, ndi ulemerero zolembalemba. Iye kwakukuru maphunziro a sekondale, anayamba University of Kazan Komabe, kulandira diploma ya bungwe ili yapamwamba analephera: ndi Civil nkhondo inayamba, limene mwadzidzidzi anasintha moyo wa mnyamata zigawo.

Volf Erlih limodzi ndi Red Army, koma kumenyana nane monga msilikari yosavuta iye analibe. Kuonetsa maphunziro ake, anaikidwa Mlembi wa Unduna wa Maphunziro kuphunzitsa zasayansi.

Nkhondo itatha, anasamukira ku ndiye pambuyo chosintha Petrograd, anaganiza kupitiriza maphunziro wake, iye analowa mabuku ndi Dipatimenti ya University Petrograd, koma anachotsedwa kulephera maphunziro.

M'zaka zimenezi, wolemba ndakatulo wamng'ono anakhala wolimba ndi bwalo Imagist, pofuna kukhazikitsa yokha m'munda zolembalemba.

bwino zolembalemba

Popeza 1926, Volf Erlih akuyamba kufalitsa ntchito zawo womkanikizawo, mmodzi, Iye anamasula magulu ndakatulo. Pakati pawo, buku lotchedwa "The Village", "zida", "Wolf Sun" ndi ena.

Patatha zaka zitatu (mu 1929) anafalitsa ndakatulo ake odzipatulira kwa chosintha-narodnitse Sofe Perovskoy, bungwe kuphedwa kwa Mfumu Alexander. ndakatulo wake anaonekera mu magazini otchuka mabuku a nthawi monga "Red Night", "Star", "Literature Contemporary".

Volf Iosifovich Erlih membala wa wongokhazikitsidwa Union of Writers. Kale mu mochedwa 20, ali ndi chidwi translation, otembenuka ambiri chinenero Chiameniya.

zaka pakati

Ehrlich Chili ntchito mabuku ndi kugwila nchito mwakhama kwa phindu la Bolshevik Party.

Choncho, kuyambira 1925 glosses pa malo, amene ankatchedwa "KGB." Unali udindo wa positi udindo wa bungwe Leningrad.

Kenako, Ehrlich ntchito monga mkonzi wa magazini angapo zolembalemba, akugwira ntchito pa filimu ndi.

moyo wake chisoni ikayandikira. Izi umatheka chitsutsocho chinayamba Stalin zonse anathamangitsa mwa Bolsheviks akale. Mu 1937, wolemba ndakatulo anamangidwa ndipo analamulidwa pansi pa nkhani wathuwu awerengedwa 58 ku imfa, chilango cha zinachitikadi mu chaka chomwecho.

Kukonda Armenia

Ambiri a ndakatulo zinalembedwa kuti moyo wake Volf Erlih, yonena ake amatiunikira magwero a kudzoza wake. Ndipo mmodzi wa iwo anali Armenia.

ulendo wake woyamba ku dziko Ehrlich anapanga ndi Tikhonov mu 20s lapansi. Iye anagwa mu chikondi ndi kukongola kwa malo amenewa. Wolemba ndakatulo analemba pambuyo m'makalata ake banja lake, palibe chabwino kuposa iye anali asanaonepo.

Wolemba ndakatulo walenga mkombero wa ndakatulo za Armenia, amene ndiye m'gulu zopereka wake "Alagezskie nkhani", "Armenia" ndi ena.

Pa mpumulo wa miyoyo yawo kotero, amafuna kubwera ku dera limeneli. Apa iye anagwidwa. Axamwali ankakhulupirira kuti iye anagwidwa mwangozi. Pa tsiku ili, Iye anabwera pa ulendo m'banja Chiameniya, phwando chinakhalapo mpaka usiku, ndi usiku eni kudzagwira NKVD. Pamodzi ndi onse anamangidwa ndi Ehrlich. Kwa nthawi yaitali ine sindimadziwa kalikonse za tsoka lake. Only mu 1956, banja lake mapeto pa konzanso wake posthumous.

Ubwenzi ndi S.Yesenin

Volf Erlih ndi Yesenin anali abwenzi, iwo anali ogwirizana ndi tsoka wamba ntchito za "Order" Imagist, zinthu wamba ndi maganizo mabuku. Ehrlich zambiri amapereka mnzake luso, ntchito pa buku la ntchito zake, bungwe olowa ndakatulo kuwerenga.

Kufika mu December, 1925 Leningrad, Yesenin ankafuna kumakhala ndi Ehrlich, koma anasintha maganizo ake ndipo anatenga chipinda mu hotelo wathuwu mu mzindawo. Ehrlich, anapereka kutsanzikana wake ndakatulo "pitani-bwino, bwenzi langa," womwe anafunsa kuwerenga kunyumba.

Ehrlich anamvera pempho, koma pamene kunyumba, anawerenga ndakatulo, iye anawona kuti mizere wake zinalembedwa magazi. Iye anathamangira ku hotelo, koma Yesenin akhadafa kale.

Potsatira Kupezeka kwa thupi Sergeya Esenina mu hotelo Ehrlich anali kuthandiza ndi mwambo wa maliro. Iye analankhula pa mayesero amene anasonyeza thandizo kwa buku la kudzipha mwa kupereka malemba a ndakatulo otsiriza Yesenin.

Ena akatswiri a masiku ano zolembalemba maganizo osiyana udindo Ehrlich ku tsogolo ndi imfa Esenina. Ena kumuneneza kuti anali nthumwi za GPU, kotero ubwenzi wake ndi ndakatulo kwambiri sanali pa ubwenzi, koma banal mwamthunziyi. N'zovuta kuyankha anthu awa patapita zaka zonse izi kwa deti la imfa ndi Esenina, ndi Ehrlich. Esenina ndi yankho mizere okha, amene akutchula Ehrlich kukhala bwenzi lapamtima.

Kutanthauza kulenga njira ndakatulo

m'nthawi ambiri anakumbukira Volf Erlih. Chithunzi zinandipangitsa mu 1928 aipatsa munthu wodzichepetsa amene amadziwa kufunika kwa mawu ake.

m'nthawi yake ankaganiza kuti imfa ya Wolf anathyola moyo wake osati kokha, komanso tsogolo la bwino zolembalemba. talente Ehrlich akadali akanakhoza kutsegula mu zonse, wolemba ndakatulo anali odzaza ndi mphamvu yakulenga ndi ziyembekezo, koma analephera kugwiritsa iwo ndi mtundu wa tsoka chisoni anthu a mbadwo wake, anadutsa mbiya nkhondo yapachiweniweni, wodzala ndi chikhulupiriro mu kuthekera kwa akumanga anthu zokomera pachuma, timalakwa munda yomanga dziko latsopano Komabe, mmwamba mu nkhope ya chenicheni chomwe chayandikira ndi lowopsya zomwe zinachititsa kuwawononga.