Donjon - ichi nsanja angaloŵe mkati m'linga. Donjon mu chinyumba akale, mbiri, kapangidwe mkati

Nyumba akadali Timasangalalanso romantics osati ndi maloto, komanso anthu wanzeru kwambiri. Limodzi nyumba izi otchuka kumva mpweya wa kale ndi mosadziwa chidwi ndi luso la mapulani. Ndipotu, ngakhale zaka za nkhondo ndi sieges osati n'kuwonongeratu nyumba yawo pansi. Ndipo malo otetezeka lililonse loko wa mtima wake, anali asamangodzifunira - ichi ndi ambiri mipanda yolimba kwambiri mumtima nsanja.

A mbiri pang'ono

Mu masiku a William I (XI atumwi), mmodzi wa mitundu yofunika kwambiri yomanga anali erection wa nyumba kuti a Norman otchuka. Mwina wotchuka kwambiri ndi wakale ndende inamangidwa basi mfumu - nyumba woyera wa Nsanja ya London (akamaliza kumanga - 1078). Iwo unali umodzi wa malinga kwambiri angaloŵe mu Europe, anamanga ndi Normandy, kulimbitsa ulamuliro wawo pa Anglo-Saxon. Motero, ndende akuti - Nsanja Ambuye, ngati anamasuliridwa kwenikweni ku French. Inde, mitundu ina, mtundu wa zomangamanga dzina yake, koma chofunika akanali yemweyo.

ndi ndende mu chinyumba akale chiyani?

Ngakhale zosiyanasiyana zakunja maloko onse zimamangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi ndondomeko yomweyo. Nthawi zambiri iwo akupha ndi mpanda wolimba ndi nsanja yaikulu lalikulu pa chilichonse ngodya. Koma mkati lamba poteteza nsanja ndende.

Poyamba, iwo anali amakona anayi mu mawonekedwe, koma pa nthawi anayamba kuoneka nyumba polygonal kapena zozungulira kuti kuonjezera bata awo. Ndipotu, imodzi mwa njira zochepa kutenga ndi mpanda wolimba angaloŵe anali m'ngalande kenako kugumula maziko a nyumbayi pa ngodya.

Ena nsanja ndi nagumula khoma pakati. Access kuti magulu ndi mbali ya m'linga imapereka kusintha ndi mwauzimu masitepe anamanga ku makoma wandiweyani. fomu iyi masitepe chifukwa chakuti iwo anapotoza mu mobwerera malangizo, motero zokometsera adzakhala yabwino kugwira lupanga mu dzanja lake lamanja, ndi kayendedwe adzakhala adamuwumiriza ndi zachiwawawo.

Ancient mapulani anadziwa kuti chilengedwe chawo chidzakhala posapita nthawi adzakhala phunziro kwa kuukira adani. Choncho mwadala anapanga ndime wovuta yotundumukira kunja kwa mpanda miyala pamakwerero, kutalika osiyana ndi kuya masitepe, komanso ena "zodabwitsa". Oboroniteli Nyumbayi ankadziwa kuti iye, koma wopha akanakhoza limakuchimwitsa, kuti kutentha kwa nkhondo chikhoza kukhala chinthu wamoyo. Msinkhu zina chitetezo anali grating, wamphamvu ndi wolimba chitseko maloko. Donjon mosamala kwambiri ndinaganiza.

zimphona yosatsutsika

nsanja amenewa anamangidwa mu mwala. forts matabwa sanathe kupereka chitetezo chokwanira ndi moto, kuwaza ndi kuzinga zida. Komanso, kapangidwe mwala ndi bwino yosayenera otchuka - mwayi zipinda zazikulu ndi otetezedwa omwe ali otetezedwa bwino ku nyengo. Iwo akanakhoza kupanga fireplaces yaikulu amene analimbikitsa ozizira mwala chipinda. A nyumba matabwa amalola kuti chabe moto waung'ono.

Mapulani nthawi zonse kuganizira mtunda zomangamanga ndi kusankha malo abwino kwa chitetezo maloko m'tsogolo. Donjon, nayenso anakweza mkulu, ngakhale pamwamba mlingo wa linga, amene zimathandiza kusintha review, nadzipereka athandize anthu oponya mivi, koma kuwapanga pafupifupi kuwerengedwa makwerero matabwa wazingidwa. Monga ulamuliro, ntchito yomanga mpanda wolimba ikuyamba ndi nsanja zazikulu, kenako kungoti inamera maofesi ena.

Internals m'kaidi

Khomo nsanja anali mmodzi yekha. Iwo unatulukira kuchokera pansi, komanso anakonza makwerero kapena ngakhale chemba ndi drawbridge kuti chiwembucho ankagwiritsa ntchito omenyerapo nkhosa. Malo yomweyo pambuyo kulowa nthawi zina ntchito kungafooketse alendowo, chifukwa asamangodzifunira - ndi malo opatulika a m'linga, kunali kosatheka kuteteza kuthekera malowedwe a mdani zida. Komanso munali asilikali. Mbali khoma inakonza zoti alcove ang'ono ndi bowo kudutsa, umene ntchito ngati chimbudzi. Chotero chipangizo anali pa chilichonse pansi. Mu chapansi pa nsanja kusunga mankhwala, komanso zinali m'malo otetezeka kusunga chuma cha otchuka. Komabe, iye anali ntchito zambiri prosaic - apa akaidi inali kamera ndi dzenje kuda.

Pa yosanja anakonza holo misonkhano ndi maphwando. Kuyambira pansi danga ndinali wamng'ono, khitchini ankakonda kunja m'kaidi. Komanso kuno, kapena pansi pamwamba zinali tchalitchi yaing'ono. Monga ulamuliro, m'dera lililonse Nyumbayi anali tchalitchi yake, koma eni ake a Nyumbayi ndi lotchedwa alendo kupemphera payokha.

Pansi pamwamba panali Bambo Castle ndi anamuperekeza chipinda chake. Ndiko kuti, iwo ali kutali kwambiri kuchokera ku khomo la nsanjayo kuti apatseni chitetezo chabwino koposa.

Pamwamba ambuye kuchipinda mwachindunji simenti, chimene chinali zomera circumferential asilikali, nthawi zina anagwirizana mpaka zina turrets yaing'ono.

Kuipa mwala achitetezo

Koma ngakhale ubwino zoonekeratu, linga ngati linali ndi zovuta zazikulu ziwiri. Woyamba anali kuti asamangodzifunira - ichi ndi kumanga zodula kwambiri. Kumangidwa kwa kulinga akanatha yekha mafumu olemera kwambiri ndi olemekezeka, ndi kuwonongedwa kapena imfa ya linga la zingachititse kusauka wa nyumba zabwino kwambiri. Ndipo ngakhale pa mtengo nyumba yomangidwa zaka 5-10. amanena analinso zosangalatsa si aulere.

Chabwino, wachiwiri, n'kofunika drawback - ziribe kanthu momwe omanga katswiri nyumba, posapita nthawi, zaluso kumbuyo wolephera chida latsopano kapena njira anakumana tizilomboto.