Dongosolo maphunziro mu Russia

Dongosolo maphunziro mu Russia - feduro, centralized. Lero, kachitidwe maphunziro Russian ndi ofanana kwambiri ku German, koma ndi chidule cha izo. Amakhala ndi zinthu structural:

1. maphunziro Pre-sukulu. Timatha ana kudziwa zofunika Komabe, sikuti opotoka ku sukulu. Ana anayamba kupezeka kindergartens makamaka ndi zaka theka, ndipo pali zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi.

2. pulaimale School. Iye ndi amene maphunziro a ana kwa zaka zisanu kapena khumi. Kusiyana kwa mnzake German angathe kulandira maphunziro yaikulu mu masukulu.

3. Zosamaliza sekondale ku sukulu ya sekondale, lyceums ndi zolimbitsira thupi ndi zaka zisanu. Kumapeto kwa makalasi anayi ku sukulu izi achinyamata ali ndi ufulu kupeza chikalata cha maphunziro ambiri sekondale.

4. High School kapena kupanga ndi maphunziro luso amapereka ufulu kulembetsa ku koleji, luso komanso mabungwe maphunziro. Pa akamaliza omaliza 10 ndi 11 Maphunziro zolimbitsira thupi, masukulu lycje kapena ali oyenera kulandira sekondale kutsimikizira chikalata wathunthu kenako kupereka kwa chikuonetseratu ku yunivesite. Chotero dongosolo lamanja la maphunziro ku Russia amapereka munthu amene anamaliza ntchito bungwe maphunziro (mu Germany kuti sikuloledwa).

5. Maphunziro Apamwamba kugwirizana ndi kupeza mlingo wa Bachelor, dipuloma katswiri kapena mbuye.

Mu 1992, pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Chilamulo cha la Russia anayamba kusintha maphunziro apamwamba. Ndi chida ichi malamulo ndi kukhala dongosolo ano maphunziro Russia.

lamulo lina Russian, ndi udindo maphunziro apamwamba, mu 1996 kuzindikiridwa magawo atatu a ulimi wake:

- maphunziro chosakwanira apamwamba, imene mukufuna kuphunzira kwa zaka ziwiri;

- pa maphunziro apamwamba (digiri yoyamba) ndi nthawi ya zaka zinayi;

- Katswiri (maphunziro kwa zaka zisanu) ndi Master (mawu a maphunziro - zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi).

Choncho, tiyeni akukhala pa mulingo uliwose wa maphunziro apamwamba. Bachelor ndi maphunziro wophunzira amene wakhala akuphunzira kwa zaka zinayi ndipo anandiphunzitsa ofunika specialization ambiri. Komabe, iye ali ndi ufulu ndi udindo yaitali, atawalamula umene uli pamaso pa maphunziro apamwamba.

Dongosolo maphunziro mu Russia envisages kuwonjezeka yoyamba mlingo mothandizidwa ndi maphunziro owonjezera (chaka chimodzi) ndi Choyenereza "Katswiri". Komabe, njira yabwino kupeza choyenereza munthu yoyamba ya "Master" (maphunziro kwa zaka ziwiri ndi chitetezo cha nkhani yolembedwa mbuye).

Tiyenera mwapadera lero dongosolo la maphunziro mosalekeza ku Russia. Pa dzanja limodzi, dongosolo amasonyeza zofuna Cholinga cha anthu. Komano, mothandizidwa ndi dongosolo maphunziro nthawi zonse kasinthidwe kudziwa zikuluzikulu ndi kuphunzira apadera amene kotero n'kofunika amasiku ano. Mukhozanso kunena kuti kupitiriza maphunziro ndi mtundu wa chiphunzitso cha kusintha anthu nthawi zonse ndi chitukuko moyo wautali wa luso lake.

Dongosolo maphunziro mu Russia pamaso pa kupitiriza kwa lingaliro ayenera "anamaliza" ndi njira zatsopano yomwe apeza nthawi zonse m'moyo wa munthu. Monga cholinga chachikulu cha kasamalidwe mu dongosolo maphunziro ayenera kuonedwa ndi chitukuko yosatha ya maganizo a kulenga ndi lingathe anthu. Ndipo pakati pa dongosolo ayenera kukhala munthuyo, zokhumba zake ndipo, ndithudi, chitukuko cha luso lake.