Roundworms: kufotokoza mwachidule mtundu

Roundworms, kapena ngati iwo amatchedwa nematodes, ndi zamoyo ndi thupi M'mimbamo chachikulu. Iwo amakhala malo osiyanasiyana pa dziko - nyanja, madzi ndi nthaka. Ena Nthumwi majeremusi - alipo likuvutika zomera ndi nyama zamoyo. Yotchuka kwambiri ndi majeremusi anthu ndi zozungulira Trichinella.

Mtundu Roundworms: mbali structural. dzina akuti wokongola kwambiri kapangidwe ka anthu a mtundu - mu chigawo mtanda ali ndi mawonekedwe chonse. thupi lawo ndi fusiform ndi mwapang'ono pa malekezero, mukhoza kuona mutu pa kumaso. chosokonekera thupi mtundu - amgwirizano.

Koma kukula kwa zinthu izi, iwo imasiyana - kuchokera tosaoneka (80 microns), mpaka pafupifupi chimphona (kuposa 8 mamita ndi majeremusi chinsomba).

thupi lawo tichipeza khungu minofu thumba lomwe ndi mbali ya ziwalo za M'mimbamo chachikulu, kapena psevdotselem. Khungu ataphimbidwa ndi wosanjikiza wandiweyani pamwamba pa cuticle, amene kwaiye epithelium kunja integument.

Roundworms: kapangidwe ka dongosolo m'mimba. M'mimba thirakiti mwa gulu la zamoyo. Oral kabowo oyenerera kumapeto kutsogolo kwa thupi ndiponso atazunguliridwa ndi milomo ndi minofu minofu. Zimadzetsa ku pharynx akulu, omwe ntchito zakudya yogwira suction. The chakudya ndiye amalowa pakati, ndiyeno hindgut lapansi. mankhwala kagayidwe kachakudya ali ejected kudzera chotulukira ndi akazi kapena amuna cloaca.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ena zamoyo parasitic a mtundu umenewu chubu m'mimba ndi adziwonetsa kathumba ka popanda mabowo.

Roundworms: kupuma ndi excretion. Excretory dongosolo roundworms wokongola. Zikuphatikizapo lalikulu limodzi-selo zopangitsa khomo lachiberekero. The mankhwala kagayidwe kachakudya kudziunjikira mu M'mimbamo madzimadzi, kenako awiri kotenga njira lateral amalimbikitsidwa mu chitsulo kudzapereka kunja. khosi ali osiyana chitsulo excretory kutsegula yomwe imatithandiza kumveketsa mu m'mimba gawo la thupi. Ena metabolites, monga amoniya, ndi ejected mwachindunji khoma thupi.

Koma kupuma, unapangidwa kuti ziwalo zamoyo ayi. Mpweya ndi chosakanikirana ndi zimakhala ndi matumbo. Zikatero, ngati inu mukuyenera kukhala ndi mpweya njala, roundworms angaphunzitse kuti mtundu ndi anaerobic ya kupuma.

Roundworms ndi kachitidwe kawo mantha. Mantha dongosolo mu zamoyo m'malo choyambirira, makamaka m'njira parasitic. Waukulu associative pakati anapereka peripharyngeal mitsempha ganglia, kumene awiri makungwa mitsempha achoke.

Koma mphamvu, iwo anapereka papillae, setae, ndi amphids drugiemi formations. Zonsezi - mitembo ya makina, mankhwala, ndi kuwala tilinazo. Mu mtundu wa majeremusi mphamvu sakhala olemera kuposa ufulu mawonekedwe.

Roundworms: kubalana. Oimira izi mtundu wa nyama ndi zamoyo dioecious. Pa nthawi yomweyo ndi noticeable ndithu dimorphism kugonana - wamwamuna kumbuyo kumapeto akufunitsitsa kuti mbali ventral za thupi.

Female ziwalo zoberekera awa akuimira thumba losunga mazira, chiberekero ndi oviducts. The wamwamuna ali maliseche, vas efferens ndi ejaculatory ritsa. Umuna wamwamuna tikuuzidwa mu nyini ya mkazi copulatory limba kupyolera. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti umuna ndi michirayo imakhala yosiyanasiyana, sadziwa sayenda ndi mawonekedwe amoeboid.

The Roundworms zimasiyana ndi ndege? Ndipotu kusiyana pakati pa mitundu iwiri ya nyama noticeable ndithu. Kuyamba, ndi ponena za mawonekedwe a thupi mtengo - ndi Flatworms mtanda yachigawo ndi thupi flattened. kusiyana china chofunika - ichi ndi chachikulu thupi M'mimbamo, amene ali kutali ndi oimira flatworms. Komanso, nematode alikomweko, mwa dongosolo m'mimba. Tikumbukenso kuti nyongolotsi lathyathyathya - hermaphrodites.