Dirofilariasis mu amphaka: zizindikiro, mankhwala kunyumba

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya helminthiosis ikhoza kupha ngakhale chiweto chomwe chimakhala m'nyumba yekha ndipo sichipita kumsewu. Kuthamanga kwapasitic ndi nyongolotsi za mtundu wa Dilofilaria, wotchedwa dirofilariasis, sikuti ndiwopseza thanzi la nyama. Matendawa ndi ovuta kwambiri kuti adziwe, omwe sangathe koma amachititsa nthawi yothetsera komanso zotsatira za mankhwala. Kodi pangakhale bwanji dirofilariasis mu amphaka (onani chithunzi m'munsimu)? Kodi matendawa ndi owopsa bwanji kwa munthu kapena ziweto zina? Kodi zimasonyeza bwanji ndi zomwe zimayambitsa dystrophilia mu zizindikiro za amphaka? Chithandizo cha pakhomo momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito bwino ndi mankhwala omwe angathandizire kats kupirira matendawa?

Dirofilariasis - ndi chiyani?

Mankhwala a parasite Dirofilarifsis amachokera ku mawu awiri Achilatini: diro - zoipa kapena zoipa, ndi filum - ulusi. Nyongolotsi zozungulira zimayenera dzina lawo chifukwa cha kutalika kwa masentimita 30 ndi kuwonongeka kwakukulu komwe kungawonongeke kwa thupi la wogvala. Matenda angapo omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa thupi la mtembo ndi mafinya a mtundu uwu amatchedwa dirofilariasis amphaka. Kodi matendawa ndi otani? Choyamba, tikukamba za poizoni ndi poizoni zobisika, monga momwe zilili ndi matenda ndi mitundu ina ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Komanso, nyongolotsi zambiri zimafa mofulumira, ndipo zidutswa za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe zimatsala m'thupi zimatha kutulutsa mitsempha ya magazi. Chotsatira cha izi nthawi zambiri chimakhala imfa ya chiweto kuchokera ku embolism.

Zowopsa ndizomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi ziphuphu ndi mphutsi za tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe zimayambitsa kukhetsa magazi kochepa nthawi zonse komanso zimapangitsa kuti ziwalo za thupi zikhale ndi zakudya komanso mpweya wabwino, kupatulira ndi kuwononga ziwalo za thupi. Kupeza kanthawi koyenera komanso kuchipatala koyenera kumatha kugonjetsa dirofilariasis mu amphaka. Zizindikiro, chithandizo, komanso chofunika kwambiri, kupewa matendawa - chidziwitso chofunikira kwa mwini wake wa chiweto.

Kodi matendawa amapezeka bwanji?

Mphutsi ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda imatengedwa ndi tizilombo toyamwa magazi, udzudzu komanso nthawi zambiri ndi utitiri kapena nkhupakupa. Kuthamanga ndi magazi m'mimba mwa transporter, mphutsi zimaponyedwa pansi pakhungu la munthu wathanzi wodwala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mu miyezi ingapo yotsatira, kukula kwa mphutsi za diphilaria mu minofu yapansi kwa dziko limene iwo adzatha kusuntha kudzera m'mitsempha ya mitsempha. Pa nthawi ya miyezi inayi, mphutsi zambiri zidzafa, koma ena mwa iwo, kuyambira awiri mpaka asanu ndi mmodzi, amatha kupyolera m'magazi a mapumidwe ndikukhala m'mapapu. Kuwonjezera apo, anthu amatha kusokoneza dongosolo la mitsempha, m'mimba, m'mimba mwa diso. Choncho, dirofilariasis mu amphaka amachitikira koyamba, kapena kuti, obisika, mawonekedwe. Kukula mwakuya ndikukulirakulira mphutsi pa gawo ili kudzapereka zinthu zambiri zoopsa zomwe zimakhudza thupi la wonyamulira.

Pambuyo pa malo ocheperako, dirofilariasis amphaka amapita ku mawonekedwe owopsa kwambiri. Pa nthawiyi, mphutsi zikuluzikulu zimayamba kufa, zomwe zimayambitsa mitsempha ya mitsempha. Chotsatira cha izi posachedwa kapena imfa chimakhala imfa ya chinyama.

Ndani angakhale chonyamulira?

Dirofilariasis yomwe imapezeka kawirikawiri ndi agalu ndi amphaka, koma osati omwe ali ndi matendawa. Wobwerayo akhoza kukhala munthu kapena kubisala. Kugonjetsedwa pambaliyi kumachitika mofananamo, kudzera ku kuluma kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kupewa

Kodi pali njira zomwe zingachepetse mwayi wotsutsana kapena kuteteza dirofilariasis mu amphaka? Kupewa matendawa ndizochitika nthawi zonse mankhwala a pet ndi tizilombo todabwitsa kwa nyama m'nyengo yozizira-nthawi yophukira. Chofunika kwambiri musanayende pafupi ndi matupi a madzi: mapaki, mudzi wa holide ndi zina zotero.

Zizindikiro: Kodi zizindikiro za dirofilariasis ndi chiyani?

Kodi zizindikiro zotani za dirofilariasis ndi amphaka? Zizindikiro zowonongeka zingakhale zosiyana pang'ono, malingana ndi ziwalo zomwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tawunikira. Pa gawo loyambalo, ngati mutalowa mu mndandanda wa minofu yapansi, mukhoza kusamala zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• Kufiira kwa khungu.
• Maonekedwe a pustular formations.
• Kuyabwa.

Pambuyo pake, ndi chitukuko ndi kusasuntha kwa mphutsi, nthawi zambiri pali zizindikiro monga buluu kapena reddening ya mucous membrane, zofiira ndi zowuluka, tsitsi lochepa ndi kusasamala kwa nyama, kuchepa kwa chilakolako.

Komabe, zizindikiro zonsezi zimawonekera nthawi zambiri pamene kuwukako kuli kale mu siteji yogwira ntchito. Choopsa chachikulu cha matendawa ndicho kusawona kwa zizindikiro zowonekera pachiyambi choyamba. Pachifukwa ichi, akatswiri a zinyama akulangiza kuti kufufuza kuchitike chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa infestation kamodzi pachaka.

Cardiopulmonary diofilariasis

Phalapakati mkati mwa zinyama, mu theka labwino, nyongolotsi-diphylaria ikhoza kwa zaka. Ndi dirofilariasis mu kayendedwe kake ndi kupuma, zizindikiro monga:

• Zizindikiro za Asthmatic: mpweya wochepa, chifuwa. Pachifukwachi, matendawa akhoza kulakwitsa ndi mphumu, ndizotheka kutsutsa izi ndi kupenda mozama.
• Kusunthika kwamphamvu, kuchepa.
• Kuchepetsa thupi, kusanza mopanda pake.

Dirofilariasis m'maso

Ziwalo za masomphenya ndi malo abwino kwambiri a nyongolotsi za dyphilia: Zilonda zamtunduwu zimakhala zosavuta kumalo komwe zimapezeka mumphuno, m'chikopa, ndi m'maso. Kuopsa kwakukulu kwa mtundu umenewu ndikuti masomphenya amachepa kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale atatha kuchipatala, ntchito zowoneka sizingabwezeretsedwe. Kutengera kwa diso kumatha kuzindikira mosavuta ndi zizindikiro zakunja:

• Maso amadzi, limodzi ndi reddening wa mucous membrane.
• Kutupa kooneka kwa khungu.
• Kuwonetsetsa kwodziwika kwa malo omwe ali ndi kachilomboka m'dera la diso. Mitundu yaing'ono yamagazi, imene ikamapangitsa kuti nyamayo ikhale ndi ululu wowawa.

Kufufuza ndi kusanthula kwa matenda a dirofilariasis

Onetsetsani kuti dirofilariasis amapezeka m'magulu pogwiritsa ntchito njira zoterezi monga:

• Kufufuza X-ray. Nthawi zambiri amasankhidwa kuti ayang'ane mkhalidwe wa chiweto, komanso kuti azindikire kuti thupi limagwira ntchito, kuti adziwe momwe matendawa akuyendera. Njirayo siili ndi 100% molondola, komabe imalola kupanga chisankho chovomerezeka cha mankhwala kapena opaleshoni.
• Zosokonezeka za serological. Yesetsani kukhalapo mu thupi la antigen antigens zachitsanzo chachikulu cha diplilaria. Chotsatira chosayenerera, chomwe chinaperekedwa pambuyo pa maphunziro amodzi kapena awiri, sichitsimikiziranso kupezeka kwa nkhondo. Kutsimikizika kwakukulu kwa zotsatira kumadalira kupezeka kwa mphutsi zokhudzana ndi kugonana.
• Zojambulajambula. Njira imeneyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yodziwira dirofilariasis m'mphaka ndi ena odwala matendawa. Kupenda kwa mtima mothandizidwa ndi ultrasound kumathandiza kuti mudziwe zomwe zilipo kale ndikuwonetsetsa kupezeka kwa tizilombo tozungulira mu mtima.

Monga lamulo, kuwonjezera pa kufufuza kwa veterinarian, kafukufuku wambiri ndi wathunthu wa magazi ndi mkodzo wapatsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuzindikira molondola kusintha kwa zamoyo zomwe zakhala zikuchitika podutsa ma diphilaria.

Kuchiza kuchipatala

Polimbana ndi kuukira kwa Dirofilarifsis, pali njira ziwiri, zomwe zimaperekedwa malinga ndi kukula kwa matendawa. Kawirikawiri, mankhwala ndi jekeseni. Mpaka pano, amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo "Tiacetarsamid" kapena "Melarsomin." Zinthu zonsezi ndi mankhwala a arsenic, choncho sizowonjezereka kuzigwiritsa ntchito pokhapokha pakhomo lakumudzi.

"Tiacetarsamid" imakhala ndi poizoni wochulukirapo, kuphatikizapo, nthawi zonse imabweretsa mavuto kwa chiwindi ndi impso za wodwalayo. Pachifukwa ichi, mankhwalawa amalembedwa ndi chidaliro chonse mu kukhalapo kwa matendawa. "Melarsomin" sizothandiza kwenikweni, koma ili m'mibadwo yatsopano ya mankhwala. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo pano sali ochuluka kwambiri kuposa omwe adatchulidwanso, "Tiacetarsamide," choncho mankhwalawa samapweteka kwambiri. Koma amakhalanso ndi zotsatira zochepa, chifukwa chake mankhwala osokoneza bongo amalembedwa ngati ubwino wochokera kwa iwo ndi wamkulu kuposa zotsatira zake zoipa.

Ndi zotupa zokwanira za ziwalo za kupuma, prednisolone kapena corticosteroids zina zikhoza kulamulidwa. Maphunziro onse, kuyambira pachiyambi cha kuvomerezedwa kuchitapo kanthu pang'ono, amakhalanso osankhidwa ndi kuyang'aniridwa ndi veterinarian.

Monga njira ina yothandizira dirofilariasis, ntchito yopaleshoni yochotseratu mitundu yambiri ya tizilombo tingathe kuitchula. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi pamene kukhalapo kwa diphilaria wamkulu kukudziwika ndi kuyesa X-ray, - kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ngati zimenezi ndi njira zamankhwala zingayambitse kutaya kwa magazi. Kuonjezerapo, ndi kuchotsa opaleshoni ya helminth - njira yokhayo yothetsera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amakhala m'maso.

Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, katsamba kamakhala ndi nthawi yowonongeka ndi kusunga maulamuliro ena onse ndi chithandizo cham'mbuyomu ndi ma adulticides, omwe amachotsa mafinya otsalawo.

Kuphatikiza pa njira zoperekedwa pamwambazi, kuwonjezera apo, njira zingapo zothandizira mankhwala angapangidwe, kuti nyamayo ibwezeretse thanzi lake mpaka pazitali. Zotsatirazi zimaphatikizapo njira zothandizira mankhwala kuti chitukuko cha bronchi, njira ya oxygen ndipitirire.

Kuchiza Kwawo

Ntchito yokonzekera "Stronghold" yokhazikitsidwa pa selamectin ili ndi njira zabwino kwambiri zothandizira anthu osadziletsa. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwapadera kwa chinthuchi mu miyezi yotentha, pamene n'kotheka kupeza kuluma kwa udzudzu, kumachepetsa chiwerengero cha mphutsi m'magazi a nyama. Kutsegula pakhungu, zinthu zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala chifukwa cha ziwalo zowonongeka ndipo, motero, imfa ya diphilaria.

Zomwe zimakhala ndi mankhwala ali ndi mankhwala ovomerezeka "Advocate" (yogwira ntchito - moxidectin) ndi "Milbemax" (milbemycin oxime).

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti zotsatira za ndalama zotchulidwa pamwambazi n'zotheka kokha pachiyambi choyambako. Kugonana ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana mankhwalawa ndi opanda ntchito.

Kuti chithandizo chapakhomo cha dirofilariasis chisamapangitse kuti chiweto chisawonongeke kwambiri, podzipereka chithandizo chofunikira ndikuyenera kutsatira malamulo awa:

• Musayesetse kupeza kapena kudziwitsa nokha mankhwala. Veterinarian ayenera kuchita izi.
• Pochita kafukufuku, nyamayo iyenera kuonetsetsa kuti ikutsatiridwa ndi boma lovomerezedwa ndi veterinarian.
• Pakati pa chithandizochi amafunikira kufufuza nthawi zonse akatswiri a zamankhwala zam'chipatala ku boma la mapapo ndi bronchus, dongosolo la mtima la nyama.