Declination wa manauni: tebulo. Table declination manauni kwa nkhani

O, kusachezera ... Mu kuphunzira nauni zimapangitsa nkhani imeneyi momwe akumenyetsa mutu wake kukumbukira mathero onse unstressed milandu yosiyanasiyana ndi manambala. Kodi kudziwa declination wa manauni? Table ndi zitsanzo atsogolere ntchito! Yesetsani kumvetsa ndi kukhala ngakhale pang'ono wochenjera!

declination ndi chiyani?

Declension nauni (onani gome la zitsanzo amene ali m'lemba la) - kusintha mawu pamatenda ndi manambala. Taonani zitsanzo tebulo.

choncho	-1 sklonenie-	-2 sklonenie-	-3 sklonenie-
Iwo. N.	rasipiberi, ananyamuka	mphaka, zovala	Lilac, mol
B. N.	rasipiberi, ananyamuka	mphaka mumpanda	Lilac njenjete
Masiku. N.	rasipiberi, ananyamuka	mphaka, kwapadera	Lilac njenjete
Vinyo. N.	rasipiberi, ananyamuka	mphaka, zovala	Lilac, mol
Pangani. N.	rasipiberi, ananyamuka	mphaka, zovala	Lilac njenjete
Limbikitse. N.	wa raspberries, duwalo	ndi mphaka, pa pachithandara	wa lilacs, wa njenjete

Table declensions wa manauni kwa nkhani limasonyeza kuti manauni onse amafalitsidwa m'magulu malinga iti iwo tikhale mu mawonekedwe a mlandu. Choncho, mawu onse a sloneniyu omwewo kuika womwewo wa mathero. Popeza kuzindikira declination, mukhoza kupewa zolakwa kulemba mathero a manauni angathe ofooka, mwa kulankhula kwina - osati wotopa.

Kodi declensions zambiri angakhale nauni?

Table declensions wa manauni pa milandu apatsidwa mu gawo yapita zasonyeza kuti mawu onse a declination chomwecho mu mawonekedwe a imfa ndi omwewo mapeto chomwecho. Imafotokoza mitundu itatu yofala declination a chinenero chathu. Koma amadziwika kuti wolemera kwambiri ndi malamulo osavuta, izo kulibe. Kuwonjezera pa atatu anapereka, pali mitundu ina ya declinations.

Choncho, mtundu wa declensions pali? Ambiri - ali woyamba, wachiwiri ndi wachitatu declension.

A gulu osiyana tichipeza mawu kutha ndi -ie: upandu cholinga, mgwirizano, etc ...

Gulu lotsatira - mawu kutha mu -iya: kukonda, Natalia, m'chiuno, gawoli, kutumidwa ndi ena.

Pali kagulu ka mawu kutha mu -mya kuti kwambiri kutsamira njira ina :. Time, fuko, etc. mawu amatchedwa heteroclite manauni (iwo ayankhidwa mu ndime osiyana nkhani). Heteroclite sankaoneka ngati mawu monga njira ndi mwana.

Pomaliza, pali mawu sizingasinthidwe kapena pa milandu, kapena ndi manambala, ndi mitundu yonse "kuyang'ana" njira yomweyo. Ndi indeclinable, kapena wosasintha, manauni: kangaroo, kiwi ndi ena.

N'chifukwa chiyani muyenera kuzindikira declination?

Kodi kudziwa declination wa nauni, tebulo adzatiwuza ina. Koma nthawi zambiri anamva funso chochita? N'chifukwa kumbukirani affixes onsewa, mathero, ambiri "wapadera" mawu kuti muyenera kukumbukira? Ndipo apa pali chifukwa. Mwachitsanzo mawu akuti "njira": I kuyenda motsatira njira, kapena ndipite njira? Kodi kuchita? Kodi kalata kusankha? Koma mmodzi zambiri mawu: "yozizira". Ndi chosalimba kutha -a-. Timaika ngati yomweyi: (chiyani?) - yozizira. Ndipo chifukwa ife tikudziwa kuti mawu onse a declination tatenga pamene inu kusintha kutha chomwecho. Choncho, tiyenera kulemba ndikupita pa (chiyani?) M'njira. Nkhani wakhala kutsimikiza!

Kodi ife kudziwa declination wa nauni? Tebulo ndi zitsanzo m'ndime zotsatirazi zikuthandizani kuti amalakwitsa mu funso ili wapamwamba!

Manauni 1 declension

Awa ndi mawu a zachikazi ndi zachimuna, imene mawonekedwe koyamba ikutha kutanthauza kapena -n (ife kukumbukira kuti mtundu woyambirira wa nauni ndi - ndi nominative ndi mmodzi).

Mawu amenewa chosalimba mathero mu Russian kwambiri: anga amayi, Mary, posintha zobvala za usiku, nyumba, ntchito, mwana wanga wamkazi ndi ena ambiri. Chachimuna ang'onoang'ono, koma iwo alinso sizachilendo: bambo, agogo, John, Peter ndi mayina a anthu ena.

Table 1 declension wa manauni akuyerekeza mawu ndi mapeto nkhawa ndipo unstressed, kusonyeza kuti mawu onse a declension izi zinachitikira mathero ali ofanana.

ip	masika, kutentha, dziko lapansi	mphaka chimango, kusiya
RP	masika, kutentha, dziko	mphaka, madontho chimango
AM	masika, kutentha, dziko lapansi	mphaka, chimango dontho
CE	kasupe kutentha, dziko lapansi	mphaka chimango dontho
Etc.	masika, kutentha, nthaka	mphaka, chimango dontho
Paras	za masika za kutentha kwa dziko lapansi	mphaka, chimango, dontho

Ndi bwino kuphunzira mathero (inflections), genitive, dative ndi prepositional, popeza zimachititsa mavuto.

Manauni declination 2

Izi mawu chachimuna kuti ndi ziro mathero (amene si zili kalata zinachitikira nominative, koma "amapezeka" m'njira zina) ndi neuter kutsiriza ndi -o, -e :. Raft, kavalo, nyanja, nyanja, gofu, etc. Table maina declension wa manauni 2 zikusonyeza zimene mapeto phindu mawu pamene inu kusintha choncho.

ip	Chikwama, kavalo nkhope	mkate, popula, mtambo
RP	Chikwama, kavalo nkhope	mkate, popula, mtambo
AM	Chikwama, kavalo, munthu	mkate, popula, mtambo
CE	Chikwama, kavalo nkhope	mkate, popula, mtambo
Etc.	Chikwama, kavalo nkhope	mkate, popula, mtambo
Paras	thumba, atakwera pa kavalo, pa nkhope	za mkate, popula, pamtambo

Monga mukuonera, mu accusative zamoyo ndi zopanda moyo zinthu ndi mapeto osiyana. movutikira A zikhoza kokha mitundu prepositional ndi kutha unstressed, kotero muyenera kukumbukira kuti, mu mawonekedwe, muyenera kulemba - ie.

Manauni declination 3

Izi mawu chosalimba kuti ndi ziro kutha. Iwo onse kutha mu chizindikiro zofewa: mbewa chipini, dera, chilakolako, ndi zina zotero. Tiyeni tiwone chomwe mapeto a mawu awa kupeza njira zosiyana.

ip	rye	ndimakukondani
RP	rye	ndimakukondani
AM	rye	ndimakukondani
CE	rye	ndimakukondani
Etc.	rye	ndimakukondani
Paras	wa rye	za chikondi

Ndi saiwalika: wosiyanasiyana wa genitive, dative ndi prepositional mawu tikhale mathero - ndi.

Manauni pa -ie, -iya

Mawu akuti "kudzipereka" - neuter, koma sangathe kuvomereza kwa declension 2; mawu "Chovala" - chosalimba, koma sasintha mmene mawu declination 1. Table declination manauni kwa nkhani kusonyeza kusiyana n'kukathera.

choncho	2 SCR.	-ie	1 SCR.	-iya
ip	m'munda	malo	chimeza	ntchito
RP	m'minda	kamba	herons	ntchito
AM	m'munda	malo	chimeza	ntchito
CE	m'munda	malo	chimeza	ntchito
Etc.	m'munda	vuto	chimeza	ntchito
Paras	pa munda	pa zinthu	ndi chimeza	ntchito

Monga Tingaone pa gome, mawu pa -ie wosiyana mawu a 2 declension yekha pa nkhani prepositional, ndi mawu mawu pa -iya 1 declination - mu dative ndi prepositional.

Kumbukirani kuti mawu kutha mu -ya, mu mitundu yonse ya zinthu ngati mawu declination 1. Choncho, mwachitsanzo, kupanga dzina Natalia ndi Natalia mtima wofunitsitsa m'njira zosiyanasiyana: (kupereka) Natalia, Natalia, (nkhani) za Natalia, za Natalia.

Table mathero declination manauni

Kuti adzimvera tebulo mlanduwo mapeto a mawu a declensions osiyana.

choncho	-1 skl-	-2 skl-	-3 skl-	-ie	-iya
ip	s / TH m'kamwa chipolopolo	__ -o, -e mbale nyumba	___ mthunzi	-ie ukulu	-iya m'chiuno
RP	m / s m'kamwa chipolopolo	s / TH chakudya kunyumba	m mthunzi	-iya ukulu	ntchentche m'chiuno
AM	TH mphamvu, dziwe	Y / TH mbale nyumba	m mthunzi	-iyu ukulu	- AI m'chiuno
CE	Y / TH m'kamwa chipolopolo	__ -o / -e mbale nyumba	___ mthunzi	-ie ukulu	-iyu m'chiuno
Etc.	TH / -s m'kamwa chipolopolo	TH / -em mbale nyumba	Y / TH mthunzi	-iem ukulu	- iey m'chiuno
Paras	TH pa mphamvu ya dziwe	TH kwawo, mbale	m wa mithunzi	ntchentche ukulu	ntchentche pa m'chiuno

Tikukhulupirira, palibe amene adzachititsa mavuto kusankha mapeto pomwe ndi tanthauzo la declension wa manauni mu Chirasha. Table anafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane zonse.

Tikumbukenso kuti -ie -iya ndipo sangathe kutuluka ngati osiyana morpheme kutha. Pankhaniyi, wangokhala kalata, amene mawu umatha. Morphemic kapangidwe ka mawu - mutu ndi nkhani ina.

Declination wa manauni mu mochulukitsa (tebulo apa, ambiri, popanda kufunika) ndi kawirikawiri mavuto chifukwa makalata makamaka bwino lomveka. Mu dative, malangizo ndi prepositional mochulukitsa mu declinations onse atatu mapeto adzakhala yemweyo. Tikupereka nokha kutha mawu ochulukitsa, ndipo onani ichi.

manauni heteroclite

manauni Heteroclite mwa chinenero cha Chirasha pang'ono. N'chifukwa chiyani iwo heteroclite? Chifukwa iwo sangakhoze zimachitika aliyense declination wina milandu osiyana kalembedwe iwo "zinthu" mosiyana. Awa ndi mawu amene kutha mu -mya (pali pafupi khumi okha), mawu akuti "njira" ndi "mwana." Tiyeni tione mbali declension suschetvitelnyh mu Chirasha (tebulo) - mawu amene amaonedwa heteroclite.

ip	stirrup	njira	mwana
RP	amakonda ndi Ene	kuika ndi	dit-Yat ndi
AM	amakonda ndi Ene	kuika ndi	dit-Yat ndi
CE	stirrup	njira	mwana
Etc.	ndi anafuna-en-izo	kuika-izo	dit-Yat-izo
Paras	pa anafuna-en-ndipo	ya kuika ndi	pa dit-Yat ndi

Monga mukuonera, mawu akuti "mwana" amatsamira njira yapadera kwambiri. Mawu "njira" mu genitive, dative ndi prepositional "khalidwe" monga mawu 3 declination, zoimbidwa - monga mawu a Dec. 2. Chabwino, mawu kutha mu -mya milandu oblique kukhala -en suffix -.

mawu awa kukumbukira kuti amalakwitsa posankha mapeto pomwe.

mawu indeclinable

Izi zili choncho makamaka mawu ngongole - kubwera ku zinenero zina. Iwo zingasonyeze maina a nyama, zomera, chakudya, komanso mayina kapena maina a anthu, maina a zinthu. Atafika ku chinenero chathu, mawu awa anali mbali sikusintha kake, kulowa kupereka. Pankhaniyi kapena chiwerengero chilichonse chofunika kuika mawu amenewo chilichonse, izo lidzalira chimodzimodzi.

• Thirani ine khofi - ndimasirira m'mawa wanu khofi - kulankhula za khofi.
• Izi cockatoo wanga - Ndilibe ndi cockatoo - kupereka cockatoos chakudya - kodi inu mukukumbukira za cockatoo wa.
• Roman Dyuma - Dumas zoyenera - analemba za Dumas.

Chophimba mawu m'chiganizo ndi kolakwika ndi osaphunzira. Aliyense bwino ndi mawu, nthabwala, "Ndimakhala pa mzere woyamba pa kinetics ndi popiroskoy mu dzino." Tisakhale ngati ngwazi za nthabwala! Inflected mawu ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito molondola, ndi indeclinable ndipo safuna kusintha.

kuti adzimvera

Tanthauzo la declension wa manauni (onani tebulo pamwamba) - si njira yovuta, amene amathandiza kuti asalakwitse polemba. Tiyeni tiyese mwachidule zonsezi pamwambapa.

m'tali zikuluzikulu Russian atatu, koma pali mawu wapadera kutha mu -iya ndi - m, ndi heteroclite ochepa. Mawu amafalitsidwa m'magulu zitatu zikuluzikulu malingana ndi mtundu ndi mapeto pa nkhani nominative.

mawu onse a kuchepa milandu oblique ndi mapeto ofanana. Angaphunzire popanda kulakwitsa. Ndipo inu mukhoza kuchita mwa njira ina: mmalo mwa mawu ndi mapeto unstressed m'malo mawu a declination chomwecho, koma kuti maganizo imagwera pa mapeto. Kalata kumapeto kwa mawu awa adzakhala yemweyo!

mawu -ie pa -iya ndi sali m'gulu magulu atatu waukulu, chifukwa kusintha mlanduwo ndi chiwerengero m'njira yapadera, ndipo mlandu mathero awo kukumbukira.

Muyenera kukumbukira, ndi gulu laling'ono la heteroclite. zawo za mathero sizigwirizana ndi mmodzi wa m'tali awa, kotero iwo amafunika chisamaliro chapadera.

Pomaliza mawu indeclinable: iwo sasintha, ziribe kanthu zomwe nkhani kapena ntchito. Kuchepa mawu chiganizo ngati filimu, odula, khofi, chikwama, kangaroo - chizindikiro cha kulemba otsika ndi chikhalidwe ambiri.

Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi kunali kothandiza ndiponso kumvetsa nkhani zovuta monga declination wa nauni ndi. Table ndi zitsanzo bwino, ndi kusankha mapeto pomwe tsopano sikovuta.

Akhale ophunzira!