Chitaliyana Constitution: mbiri ndi ambiri maonekedwe

Malamulo Italy anavomerezedwa mu 1947. Kumene, chifukwa pang'ono anasintha - khumi ndi kusinthidwa akhala anayambitsa m'zaka za posachedwapa. Komabe, kamba ambiri sizinasinthe. Koma malamulo oyendetsera dziko la masiku ano imakhala ndi mbali ziwiri ndi khumi ndi ziwiri mfundo.

The Constitution Italy: mfundo mbiri

Ndi palibe chinsinsi chimene dziko anatchedwa mabwalo a m'zaka otsiriza, koma ufulu oyendetsera dziko mu Italy ali kusanduka pa m'mbuyomu zaka zingapo. Zonse zinayamba ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa otchedwa "Albertine udindo" mu 1848 pa dera la Ufumu wa Sardinia. Kale mu 1870, patapita yogwirizanitsa wathunthu wa maiko onse Italy, "Momwe" wakhala Constitution woyamba wa dziko.

Ndithudi, pali akalipo ndi mafumu malamulo. Komabe, Constitution loyamba la Italy, ndipo anaitana ena malangizo demokalase chitukuko za dziko. The zamoyo wa mawonekedwe a boma ankafunika mu 1922, pamene dziko anadziwana ndi opondereza lopondereza boma, pamene mutu wa boma anaima Benito Mussolini.

Kale mu December 1925, lamulo latsopano limene anakhazikitsa chipani chimodzi chokha dziko la ulamuliro, ndi azichepetsa (mtsogoleri chipani) nokha umaimira nthambi wamkulu wa boma. Mu 1943, Italy, umene amapereka mwa Japan ndi Germany idagonjetsedwa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. Iwo wakhala chofunika kuwonongedwa kwa boma lopondereza.

Mu 1946 referendum ndi unachitikira. zotsatira asonyeza kufuna kuthetsa anthu Ulamuliro, motero anasonkhana Assembly Constituent, komwe anaganiza kuti tikalengeze dziko Republic, zomwe zinachitika June 18, 1946.

The Constitution latsopano la Italy mu 1947 anavomerezedwa ndi Assembly ndi voti ambiri. Kwenikweni, iye anagwirizana patapita masiku anayi - January 1, 1948, ndipo ngakhale kuti kuyambira hayala ndi kakusintha zina, mbali zofanana chimodzimodzi.

The Constitution Italy: mudziwe ambiri

Ndipotu, chikalata politico malamulo lili malamulo, kuphatikizapo chitukuko ndi malamulo chimango, malamulo ndi dongosolo aumunthu. Monga tanena kale, Italy Constitution idzafotokoza zingapo:

• yoyambirira gawo "Mfundo Basic" muli nkhani 12;
• mbali yaikulu ya "Ufulu ndi Nchito Nzika";
• mbali yaikulu ya "chipangizo cha Republic";
• Transitional ndi womaliza malamulo.

Malinga ndi chikalata ichi, mphamvu zonse lagawidwa nthambi zitatu a muyezo:

• mphamvu zokonza malamulo uli opita kwa aphungu anyumba yamalamulo, komanso mabungwe dera, koma mkati mwa malire a yamtunduwu awo;
• Mphamvu milandu akuupereka mu Constitutional Court ndi milandu;
• Mphamvu wamkulu - ndi mwayi wapadera wa Pulezidenti ndi nduna.

Mwa njira, Italy lalikhulu ladziko ndipo limafotokoza ubwenzi wapadera kwa Mpingo wa Katolika: M'pofunikanso kukumbukira kuti izi ndi pamene lili ndi Vatican State. Mu 1929 pakati pa Italy ndi Vatican Concordat yosainidwa ndi Mgwirizano (mbali ya Lateran Pacts): monga iwo Vatican ali ndi ufulu ulamuliro tsankho. Komanso, Chikatolika anaikidwa kukhala chipembedzo miyambo ya Italy. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti, powonjezera, Italy Constitution alekanitsa mpingo ndi boma ndi complies ndi mfundo za kufanana kwa zipembedzo zonse.