Chilumba cha Murano mu Italy: wotchuka? Venetian galasi

Murano - chilumba ku Italy, umene umabala galasi wotchuka, chinsinsi cha zomwe anali kulondera ndi m'misili kwa zaka zambiri. Iwo lili kumpoto kum'mawa kwa mzinda wa Venice, mu lagoon Venetian. Murano - chigawo yaing'ono, malo oposa mmodzi ndi makilomita theka. Koma mbiri yake unafalikira Venice, ndipo ngakhale Italy. Kufunika kwa galasi, amene akadali apa, kukongola chodabwitsa cha mankhwala ake amakopeka ndi chilumba cha Murano zikwi alendo.

m'madera akumidzi a Venice

M'mudzi weniweniwo tichipeza zilumba dazeni osiyana. Pakati pa ambiri a iwo mlatho, ndipo iwo anasiyanitsidwa ndi ngalande. Koma ena - ndi lalikulu - m'madera mumzinda patali mokwanira kuchokera pakati. Iwo anamwazikana padziko lagoon, ndi milatho kuti palibe munthu wamanga. m'madera zimenezo zimaphatikizapo chilumba cha Murano ku Venice. Koma pali malo ena ofanana. Ndi chilumba cha Burano, San Michele, Lido ndi Torcello. The woyamba amadziwika singano ake akazi, makamaka nsalu ndi zingwe, komanso nyumba yosiyanasiyana yowala kwambiri. San Michele - ndi Venetian manda. Lido wotchuka chifukwa magombe ake ndi mapwando. Ndi chilumba cha Torcello ndi wosiyana zina mzinda. Iye ali chete, waung'ono, ndi meadows wobiriwira, mipingo wakale ndi Zithunzi Byzantine. Koma Murano - wotchuka kwambiri ndi ambiri anapita a zilumba zonse Venetian. galasi wake "luso" amadziwika pa dziko lonse lapansi.

Momwe kuti Murano?

Pano mukhoza kufika shuttles mtsinje kokha, kapena zotchedwa vaporetto. Momwe ku Venice kuti Murano? Muyenera kukhala pa njira za 41-42 kapena 51-52 pa siteshoni ya Santa Lucia ndi pasitima ya panyanja yaikulu pa Piazzale Roma (pafupi ndi Doge yachifumu). Vaporetto achoke alionse theka la ora. Komanso, pakokha ulendo uwu "sitima nyanja" - malo enieni. Choyamba lazungulira Venice vaporetto kuchokera kumpoto, ndipo kenako kuima pa Fondamenta Nuove. Ndiye panjira bwato pafupifupi lotseguka nyanja - Venetian Lagoon. Nawoloka, vaporetto zimapangitsa amasiya wina pa wotchuka manda a San Michele, kumene poyamba anaikidwa Iosif Brodsky. Pa njira inu adzaona chidwi sculptural gulu "Dante ndi Virgil", anaika mwachindunji ku madzi pa pontoon maziko. kukwera kuchokera pakati pa chisumbu pafupi maminiti sate kapena forte.

Zomangamanga ndi anthu

Murano kwenikweni ndi zilumba. Seveni zilumba kakang'ono, zomwe kuchokera kumbali zonse ndi Venetian Lagoon. Komabe, kuyambira nthawi makedzana, iwo cholukanalukana ndi milatho, kotero zazindikirika wonse. Chilumba ndi kudzikonda motsogozedwa venetian District kulankhula. Iwo ali yake zomangamanga, masitolo, boma kuchipatala. Iye amakhala pa chilumba cha anthu zinayi zikwi zisanu. Ndipo pachimake - ndi Kubadwa Kwatsopano - apa selilos anthu zambiri. anthu pachilumbachi zoposa zikwi makumi atatu anali mu zaka. Koma tsopano alendo pa Murano zambiri kuposa am'deralo lapansi. Ngakhale nthawizina izo zimawoneka bwinobwino mmene chidutswa ka dziko akanatha anaika anthu ambiri. Chilumba chija chikuyimira "Venice mu kakang'ono". Kwa iye, nayenso, inu mukhoza kumayenda amangoyenda pansi. Iye, monga waukulu Venice, ukugawa awiri Grand Ngalande, limene kukwera pa gondolas lapansi.

nkhani

века до н.э. Murano inathetsedwa ndi anthu kuyambira BC V m'ma Iwo anachezeredwa ndi Aroma, ndi mafuko osiyanasiyana wokonzeka. Idamangidwa mzinda kuno ndi doko nsomba ndi likulu la malonda mchere. веке сюда переселяются монахи ордена камальдулов. M'zaka za m'ma XI pano atabwerera Chimonko Camaldolese Order. Poyamba ammudzi anali ochepa. Iwo ndiye anayambitsa agulupa ya San Michele di Murano, amene anadzakhala likulu la buku yosindikiza. столетия. Koma heyday wa chisumbucho chinali kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma XIII. Mu 1291 Venice, boma laganiza kusuntha kwa mzinda zokambirana zonse galasi-kuwomba. Malinga ndi mfundo akale a chitetezo moto wa luso la nthawi zonse kuopsezedwa ndi anthu ozungulira. mzinda zonse inadutsa moto, koma Mukaganizira kuti nyumba ambiri m'masiku amenewo mtengo, inu mukhoza kulingalira kuwonongeka chinaperekedwa moto.

Venetian chilumba galasi

Ndipotu, ndi, ndithudi, Murano. Pachilumba cha zokambirana misa kumene mukhoza kuona ndekha ndondomeko kupanga. Feedback kwa alendo, ndi chidwi ndi chabe zamatsenga anthu. Mu masitolo kachikumbutso mugule zipangizo zosiyanasiyana - ndolo, zibangili, Chalk, zokongoletsa kwa m'katikati - omwe alipo okha ... Ndipo mtundu wonse lodabwitsali, mawonekedwe zosaneneka ziwembu chodabwitsa. Monga kukumbukira kuti ndi bwino kuti onse m'madera ambiri akumidzi, osati pakati pa chilumbachi. The mitengo kungakhale m'munsi. Koma ngakhale ngati mulibe ndalama yopuma, mumathera theka tsiku ndiye yekha kuganizira mazenera ndi monga kusamukira ku bizinesi wina ndi mzake. Pali pachilumba ndi Museum wa Glass, komwe zikwi za alendo nkhosa tsiku lililonse. Ndi m'misewu ndi m'mabwalo ndi nyimbo mwanaalirenji mu kalembedwe ano. Nawonso, ndi la galasi.

galasi zinsinsi opanga

The ndondomeko kupanga kwa zaka zambiri chinabisidwa chinsinsi. Venetian galasi anali njira imodzi ndalama mzindawo. Iwo anali chopangidwa ndi luso lapadera, anatulukira ndi m'misili. N'zosadabwitsa kuti boma - Bungwe la Khumi - ngakhale anamasula ambuye Chilumbachi. Glassmakers amene anakhala kumeneko, onse anali kumeneko kukhala. Ngati mbuye kuchoka pa chilumbacho, izo ananena wachinyengo, mobisa iye akusakidwa ndi kuphedwa, kulikonse kumene iye anali. Koma ngati blowers kutchinjiriza galasi analandira udindo waukulu. Mwana ambuye kumukwatira olemekezeka ndi ana awo anapitiriza maudindo a patrician.

Amapangidwa pachilumbachi?

Yopangidwa makamaka kalirole Murano ndi magalasi, komanso kanjedza osiyana. Kwa nthawi yaitali, kuposa kwina kulikonse Europe kutero sadathe. Ndiye assortment kupanga kukodzedwa kwambiri. Zamgululi ena kuposa frills awo, zinkawoneka ndiwachabe, ngati zikuuluka mu mlengalenga. Izi zinalembedwa mu mabuku, ndi galasi katswiri otchulidwa zojambula lapansi. Chilumba cha Murano anakhala kotero wotchuka kuti mankhwala glassblowers anapereka alendo Doges ndi anthu osiyanasiyana udindo wapamwamba. Pamene Venice anali ndalama zimene anapereka kwa Sultan la Turkey, izo amatumizidwa monga malipiro ena katswiri wa ambuye awo. веку. Pachimake cha ulemerero glassblowing luso nufikira m'ma XVI. Komabe, patapita zaka zana, mankhwala amenewa kupita mafashoni. столетии венецианское производство стекла приходит в упадок. Mu XVIII m'ma kupanga Venetian galasi ndi ikuchepa. Ndipo mkubwela kwa asilikali Napoleon ndi mafakitale onse anawonongedwa. Koma kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma XIX, mafashoni kwa akadzabweranso galasi ndi ulamuliro chete. Loya ku Vicenza mothandizidwa ndi amalonda British anamanga fakitale wotchuka ndipo anayambiranso kupanga.

owonetsera zakale

Exhibition maholo, omwe amasonyeza zosiyanasiyana galasi, zinatsegulidwa mu Palazzo Justinian mu 1861. Poyamba, anali okhala ndi Bishop wa Torcello - patrician nyumba yomangidwa kalembedwe Gothic. nyumbayi kalekale holo m'tawuni. Pano mukhoza kuphunzira mbiri ya mmene anatuluka ndipo anayamba ndi luso chodabwitsa, anatchuka kwambiri chilumba cha Murano. Komanso, m'nyumbayi lili zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho, ndiwo mankhwala galasi nthawi zosiyanasiyana ndipo anthu kuchokera Egypt. Kuyenda kwa nyumbayi ali wapansi, zotsatirazi zizindikiro zonse kuchokera waukulu siteshoni vaporetto amatchedwa "Murano Faro". The kufotokoza chatsekedwa pa Lachitatu. osungirako zinthu m'chilimwe khumi ndine asanu pm, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira - inayi.

zowoneka

Wotchuka Venetian chilumba cha Murano kuwonjezera galasi zake zotchuka? Kumene, zomangamanga. Mu Kubadwa Kwatsopano, pa chilumba anayamba kukhazikika olemekezeka ndi olemekezeka wolemera. Pa nthawi kuti anakhala yapamwamba, monga kalelo, kuthetsa pafupi ndi chikhalidwe. Ndicho chifukwa anthu ndi ndalama ndi kukoma wabwino anayamba kumanga analeredwa, chokongoletsedwa ndi zifaniziro zopangidwa ndi zojambula. Ndipo mu nthawi yake yopuma amauzidwa zinthu zakuthambo, Afilosofi ndi ndakatulo ndipo woyengedwa pano kulankhula za luso ndi zongoganiza. Pali zachifumu zokongola ndi mipingo wakale. века. Mwachitsanzo, Cathedral wa Santa Maria makalata Donato amadziwika frescoes ake chigulu cha m'ma XII. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa Mipingo yochititsa wakale lonse la Venice lagoon. Inamangidwa mu kalembedwe Byzantine - pansi, makoma, ndi kudenga Zithunzi wolemera. века. Komanso chidwi ndi wotchi nsanja za m'ma XIX. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa malo anapita. Ndi nyumba yakale kwambiri pa chilumba - ndi Palazzo de A Mula. - XIII веках, и ему удалось избежать обновления, как другим красивым виллам. Linamangidwa mu XII - XIII zaka zambiri, ndipo anatha kupewa zosintha monga analeredwa abwino. N'chifukwa chake mukhoza amasirira Gothic Lancet mazenera ndi mapanelo kalembedwe Byzantine.

Kodi moyo?

Chilumba cha Murano ku Venice zimagwiritsa chandamale cha ulendo tsiku. Ambiri mwa malo kuno kwa maola angapo. Koma pali anthu amene akufuna kucheza ngakhale tsiku limodzi mwa zokongolazi, chifukwa ngati zabwino ndi mtendere pa chilumba ku mmawa ndi madzulo pamene khamu wosatha kuchepa. Pakuti okonda anthu Murano yekha ali Map zisanu ndi ziwiri. Ang'ono, koma ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri Komabe nyumba iliyonse mu Venice konse. Mtengo wa moyo umasiyana mayuro 75 200. Yekha hotelo gulu nyenyezi anayi - "La Gare Ankafuna Venice - MakGelleri Kollekshen". Onse a hotelo si choncho kaso, koma kwambiri chikondi.

Murano Island: Ndemanga

Apaulendo kuti ngakhale inu allocated kuti Venice kwa masiku awiri, mmodzi wa iwo udzakhala anayendera madera ozungulira. Kusankha chabe sadzatero. Mukatero kumvetsa zomwe weniweni Venice. Ndipo tsiku lonse basi ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti kuyendera Murano. Inu sadzaiwala nthawi imene udzaikidwa pa mipando yapamwamba, anapereka tiyi kapena vinyo ndipo inu mudzawona momwe mwaluso lotsatira idzaonetsedwa pansi pa manja zamatsenga za glassblower a. Wosatha kapangidwe ndi mtundu mwayi wa chikho mukhoza kuzindikira chilichonse, ngakhale m'maganizo craziest aluso ndi okonza. Izo zikuwoneka chachikulu, kwa zodzikongoletsera kapena banja katundu, komanso m'katikati iliyonse. Best malo kugula galasi Murano masitolo boma kapena masitolo kachikumbutso, kapena inu mukhoza kugula yabodza Chinese. Ngakhale chilichonse pali ndalama zokwana mayuro zosachepera ziwiri, koma onse mankhwala amenewa ndi katundu, lowala, chakuya mitundu zikusefukira. Ndi zosadabwitsa kuti zokongoletsera osalimba - ngakhale polemba kukula kwake - zasungidwa mwachindunji m'misewu, ndipo palibe vandals iwo sizinachitike wogonjetsedwa.