Chidwi mfundo: mitengo deciduous

zitsamba zonse zilipo ndipo mitengo akhoza kugawidwa mu deciduous ndi coniferous.

mafotokozedwe ambiri

mitengo Deciduous ndi zitsamba deciduous - ndi zambiri chomera masamba petiolate mbale, amene bwino ramified veining. masamba Leaf iwo akhoza kukhala wophweka, lobed kapena imodzi, osachepera - zovuta.

Ngati gulu kutsogolera onse, mitengo deciduous ndi ufumu wa zomera anapambulwa zomera apamwamba angiosperms anapambulwa (maluwa). gulu zimenezi ndi monga zokhudza 165 mayunitsi, kubadwa 11 000, mabanja 545, mitundu 260 zikwi.

zomera Deciduous anaonekera padziko lapansi pambuyo kwambiri kuposa enawo - m'nthawi Jurassic, ndi pakati pa Cretaceous msanga anafalikira padziko lonse lapansi. Iwo ndi dongosolo langwiro minofu, ziwalo zobereka ndi vegetative, ndi zosiyanasiyana za kubereketsa zomera (zothandiza kwambiri umene - mothandizidwa ndi tizilombo) ndi mbewu kufalitsa. Tsopano zomera deciduous pamalo lalikulu mwa mitundu ina ya zomera, chifukwa, mwa zina, amatha mwangwiro zigwirizane ndi kusintha kwa zinthu zachilengedwe.

NKHANI deciduous nkhalango

Poyerekeza ndi coniferous, nkhalango deciduous akufotokozera ndi kufalikira mofulumira kwambiri. mitengo ili ndi kuunika komanso lalikulu, chifukwa mitengo ndi n'kukhala kwambiri. Masamba a mitengo ndi zitsamba za gulu pakati kwathunthu kuguluka kamodzi pachaka, masika zomera Musataye chinyezi pa nyengo yozizira. M'chaka cha ambiri aimpso kukonzanso kukula masamba atsopano.

Deciduous mitengo Russia makamaka akuimira mu gawo European, ndi ku Siberia ukulamulira nkhalango coniferous.

mtundu waukulu wa deciduous

mitengo Deciduous ndi zitsamba anawagawa mitengo softwood (alder, basswood, birch ndi popula) ndi hardwoods (mapulo, thundu, phulusa). Iwo amakula pafupifupi ngodya iliyonse ya dzikoli. Nthawi zambiri mu M'madera a zitunda wathu wa yolimba angapezeke linden, birch, thundu, popula, msondodzi, mtedza, alder, mapulo, phulusa, Elm, apulo, chitumbuwa, chitumbuwa.

Izi mitengo ndi zitsamba zimasangalala mu nkhalango, ndi mapangidwe a m'tawuni. Iwo modziwika ndinazolowera chilengedwe, n'zosavuta kulekerera ndi kumuika ndi kuzolowera ku dothi losiyanasiyana. Zomera deciduous kukula mofulumira ndi moyo wautali.

mitengo Deciduous ndi mlingo wosiyana kukula. Mwachitsanzo, thundu timapitiriza korona wake mita imodzi pachaka. M'chaka oyambirira kukula mofulumira kwambiri kuposa kumapeto.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Oak moyenerera amatanthauza mitengo, kuleza ankakhala: akafika zaka pafupifupi zaka mazana asanu. Zina deciduous mitengo, alder ndi phulusa kupulumuka avareji zaka mazana atatu, ndi Aspen - mpaka handiredi. Pakati conifers yekha spruce angayerekezedwe ndi thundu wa moyo, aliyense wa miyoyo singano kwa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri.

Mtengo wamkulu mu Europe - Oak "wachikulire" imene ikukula mu Lithuania: ndi zaka pafupifupi 2000.. Mu Poland pali atatu "Oak ubwenzi", limene kwa zaka 900. maina awo Cech, Abimeleki ndi Lazaro.

Ambiri mitengo deciduous mu Russia - ichi ndi thundu ndipo birch, ndi kumadzulo kwa Ulaya - mumamera ndi hornbeam. Chovuta Russian nkhuni - Schmidt birch, wophuka mu Pomerania nkhanza. Iwo sangathe udulidwa ndi nkhwangwa, kapena nkhonya chipolopolo.

Ntchito zomera deciduous

The mitundu yambiri wapatali mitengo deciduous akhala ankaona thundu, peyala, mumamera chitumbuwa, mtedza ndi zokometsera. Iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito yomanga ndi ntchito mafakitale.

Koma anthu ambiri zomera deciduous ndi wofunika chifukwa zipatso zawo angagwiritsidwe ntchito chakudya kapena zolinga mankhwala. Kuwonjezera pa ntchito yeniyeni ya mitengo ndi zitsamba ankagwiritsa ntchito zolinga kukongoletsa ndi zokongoletsa - kuchokera pa pulani malo kulenga zinthu zosiyanasiyana luso.

Special kukongoletsa deciduous mitengo ndi zitsamba pachimake ndi kupereka kusintha masamba. Maonekedwe a wosakhwima kuwala wobiriwira masamba m'chaka, chilimwe chipolowe cha greenery, ndiye kusintha mitundu mu kugwa ndi golide chikasu kapena olemera wofiira kusintha kwa nyengo zooneka ndi wokongola kwambiri.