"Brigadier" (Fonvizin): Mwachidule ndi kusanthula sewero lanthabwala

M'nkhani ino tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane ntchito ya "kapitawo" (Fonvizin). Chidule ndi kusanthula izi zolembedwa mu 1768 sewero lanthabwala anapereka m'munsimu.

chidule

A. Ignatius, ndi kapitawo ndi Akulina Timofeevna, mkazi wake, akufuna kukwatira mwana wake wamkazi wa Ivanushka Artamon Vlasicha (mlangizi). Dzina la mtsikanayo Sophia. Kapitawo banja ndi alendo milandu, m'mudzi. Kukambirana kutsogolera tsogolo la ukwati banja. Chinthu ichi chikuyamba ntchito yake "Brigadier" Fonvizin. A mwachidule kukambirana motere. Ivan kale anapita Paris, nthawi zonse ayika kulankhula ndi mawu French. Sikuli ngati bambo wake. A. Ignatius limalangiza mwana wake "pafupi ndi bizinesi," kuyitana kuwerenga "lamulo la asilikali" ndi "nkhani". Akulina VT - mkazi zachuma, ankaona yabwino katundu kuwerenga m'mabuku. Tsogolo mwana mlangizi akuonetsa kuti mukuwerenga malamulo ndi Code Malamulo. Ndipo mkazi wake, Sophia ondipeza, Avdotya Potapevna wakonda lililonse kuwerenga "mabuku a mtundu." Kwathunthu kugwirizana ndi ntchito zake za Ivan "Brigadier" (Fonvizin), mwachidule zomwe ife ali ndi chidwi. Sophia adziwitse ukwati osangalala. bwenzi iye asamalira wopusa. M'malo mwake, ondipeza ake mantha iye ndi wake "Parisian" kalembedwe.

Kulankhula banja tsogolo

Osati kupeza kukambirana kwa achibale m'tsogolo. Brigadier kungofuna zokhudza usilikali, mkazi wake - chuma, ndi mlangizi komanso zatenga nkhani chabe malamulo. Phungu ndi Ivan ndi lizikwaniritsa nkhani zonsezi. Kukambirana ndi mawu kubera Dobrolyubov. The kapitawo ndi mkazi wake, Sophia, ndi mlangizi kupita kukakumana naye.

Chikhazikitso cha chikondi Ivanushki ndi aphungu

Chikhazikitso cha chikondi akupitiriza sewero lanthabwala ake "Brigadier" Fonvizin. Chidule cha zochitika zotsatirazi. Ivan ndi phungu okha. Kumvetsa ali kudya. Ivan mowakalipira makolo ndi mlangizi - mwamuna kapena mkazi. Mnyamata anavomereza kuti sakonda Sophia, ndipo iye safuna kumukwatira. Ivan ndi Avdotya alikudabwa pa makadi, kulengeza chikondi chawo kwa wina ndi mzake. Ivanushka phungu limanena kuti Sophia amakonda kukhala yaitali ndi matanthauzo Dobrolyubova.

kukambirana Sophia ndi Dobroluboff

Pamene mkwati ndi Ivan Dobrolyubov ndi mlangizi wa amachotsedwa, kusiya okonda yekha. Sophia amazindikira kuti pakati ondipeza ake ndi Ivanushka maganizo. Iye ananenanso kuti bambo ake kuyang'ana wanga pa mtsogoleri gulu ndi mlangizi imakhumbira kapitawo. Only Dob Sofia ndikukondana wina ndi mzake "chifukwa chokhulupirira wabwino" chikondi. Komabe, umphawi Dobrolyubova zisachitike izi. Koma iye amafuna kuti chuma chake zingawonjezere, pamene mayesero lidzatha.

mlangizi kupirira

Sophia akupempha bambo ake, kuti sanakakamize ake kupita koposa Ivanushka. Komabe, mlangizi sakufuna kumva: ". Ndithu mudzi" mkwati Artamon Vlasich limanena kuti mwana wake wamkazi akhale zomkondweretsa onse apongozi. The chifukwa chenicheni kwa mlangizi izi khama chikondi chake kwa mtsogoleri wa timu. Artamon Vlasich chikalata pa Ivanushka mwana wake, nthawi zambiri kuziona pa ubwenzi ndi Akulinoy Timofeevnoy.

Zochitika atchedwe mtsogoleri chikondi timu Artamon Vlasicha

chikondi zake zauchimo manyazi mlangizi achipembedzo, koma simungathe kumuuza mmene iye akumvera pamaso pa mtsogoleri gulu. Zambiri okonda mkazi Koma sakuzindikira kanthu, chifukwa mlangizi wa strews kulankhula kwambiri za Mpingo m'Chisilavo mawu. Pamene akugwada patsogolo Akulinoy Timofeevnoy, Ivan Mwadzidzidzi. Fonvizin (a sewero lanthabwala "Brigadier") limafotokoza mmene applauds ndi Akuseka pamaso pa chochitika ichi. Masamba mlangizi fluttered. mtsogoleri Mwana timu anafotokoza kuti Artamon Vlasich ake "Cupid."

Mkazi amapita berserk. Iye amafuna kuuza onse kuti mwamuna wake. Komabe, mlangizi limatiuza Ivan kuti sitingathe kuulula chinsinsi ichi: ngati chinachake akuganiza kapitawo, nthawi yomweyo adzachotsa mwana ndi mkazi wake kunyumba. Avdotya Potapevna ndi Ivan kutsimikizira mtsogoleri gulu, icho chinali nthabwala wa Ivan, mlangizi wa sakutero "Cupid." Kukhulupirira mkazi utatha.

Ivan likuoneka kuti chifukwa bambo ake duel ndi

Khansala ndi Ivan mosangalala zindikirani kuti iwo ali "munthu wina", "kukoma limodzi" ndi "mtima umodzi". Komabe, mlangizi ali ndi mwayi wofanana mu maso a mnyamatayo anali Russian. Izi ndi "tsokali" Ivan akufuna kukonzanso zinthu zimene adzachotsa mu Paris wake wokondedwa. Avdotya Potapevna imatiuza iye kuti kapitawo mu chikondi ndi iye. Hot Ivan: ndi wokonzeka kubweretsa bambo ake duel a. Zina kapitawo. Iye akufuna kuchotsa chipinda mwana wake ndi nkhani phungu yekha. Komabe, masamba Ivanushka ndi Avdotya Potapevna.

Ivanushki nkhani za France

Brigadier scolds mwana wake "tomfoolery", komanso chilakolako cha French. Mnyamata Yankho mwachipongwe. Ndiye Ignatius A. akufuna kumenyedwa. Wauphungu, anaonekera pa nthawi imeneyi, kuteteza ku mkwiyo wa bambo ake Ivan. Iye akunyengerera wokonda ake za mmene iye ankakhala mu France. Ivan anati iye wakhala woposa France kuposa Russian. Team mtsogoleri ndi mlangizi anasangalala ndi nkhani, koma kapitawo kukwiya. Ndi mkwiyo kwa atate wake, Ivan masamba ndi mayi mbantowera. Kapitawo ayankhula mu chikondi chake kwa phungu wake. Chifukwa chakuti Baibulo lidalembedwa kulankhula mitu ya usilikali, mkazi amadzionetsera iye sangathe kumvetsa izo.

Dobrolyubova malo ndi Sophia

Dob akuti mlangizi kuti wamaliza mlanduwu ndipo tsopano iye ali 2000 miyoyo. Kunapezeka kuti oweruza - kungolandira, kotero Dob ndinachita kutembenukira "Wam'mwambamwamba Justice." Ndipo potsiriza chilungamo zachitika. Dob akufunsa milandu dzanja la mwana wake wamkazi. Khansala wokondwa, koma mwamuna wake kufunsidwa komanso sapereka yankho lolozeka.

Dob Sofia ndi chiyembekezo kuti ukwati wawo kulimbikitsa chodzikonda kugwirizana mlangizi. Pamene mtsogoleri timu okonda misozi kaye kucheza ndi. Iwo likukhalira kuti Akulinu Timofeevnu ankawazazira mwamuna wake kachiwiri. Uyu ndi munthu lolimba khalidwe, ndiwo wolemera dzanja. Kamodzi iye anakankhira mkazi wake mu nthabwala mwakuti mkazi anali pafupi kumwalira.

masewera

Dob, Sophia, phungu ndi Ivan anatsogolera masewera quadrille (khadi). mtsogoleri wa timu amadziwa masewerawa mafashoni, kotero kupenyerera basi. The kapitawo ndi mlangizi akusewera Chess.

Mkazi Ygrath A. akukumbukira masewera nkhumba. Mkazi akulankhula za mlangizi izi zosangalatsa akutenga osewera khadi. Ivan anakwiya kapitawo amagwiritsa nthawi ina kundikalipira mkazi wake. mtsogoleri wa timu ndi kukwiya ndi nkuyenda kuchokapo.

Wozunza mkazi wake chides Brigadier Artamon Vlasich. Nayenso A. Ignatius zikusonyeza kuti Ivanushka nazo kuti munthuyo. Komabe, sakhulupirira Artamon. The kapitawo ankakhulupirira kuti pali mu dziko wopusa amene Angamvetse kugwa m'chikondi ndi Akulinu Timofeevnu.

Iye akunyengerera mwana wake kuti akwatire mtsogoleri gulu. Komabe, chitsanzo cha makolo Ivan sauzira. Komanso, mkwatibwi sakonda. Akulina Timofeevna limanena kuti kusankha kwa mwapang'ono - ndi makolo osati mkwati. Tamarayo Mwachitsanzo, konse analankhula pamaso pa ukwati ndi Ignatius Andreyevich.

Tsatanetsatane zapitazi Ivan

Ivan ndi mlangizi nkhani za chikondi chake komanso za vuto limene lili mu kudikira kwa iwo pa mbali ya kapitawo ndi mlangizi wa. Ivan chimakamba za maphunziro ake. Iwo likukhalira kuti zili kwa ulendo France anabwera ndi coachman French, amene ngongole chikondi changa kwa dziko ili.

Chinsinsi anaulula

The kapitawo ndi mlangizi anagwira Ivanushka atagwada kutsogolo kwa mlangizi wa. Chinsinsi chaululidwa. Ignatius akufuna kumenya mwana wake ndi mlangizi akufuna kuti achire ndalama kuchokera Ivan zopanda ulemu. Mwalowa Dob, Sophia ndi mtsogoleri gulu amazindikira kuti chinachitika. Sophia akukana yolumikizana tsoka ake ndi Ivan. The kapitawo ndi mlangizi wa akuvomereza.

Ndiye phungu ndi Ivan ndikuuzeni zinsinsi zonse, zimene iwo akudziwa. Ivan ananena kuti phungu ndi mu chikondi ndi mtsogoleri gulu, ndi Avdotya - kukonda kapitawo wake. Phungu ndi kapitawo mu tchuthi kwambiri mkwiyo. banja lake achotsa Ignatius A .. Ivan ndi mlangizi olimbikitsa potsanzikana - ndi kapitawo ndi mlangizi sadzachitanso anapatsa iwo.

Phungu amakhalabe ndi mwana wake wamkazi ndi mkazi. Dob kachiwiri akufunsa dzanja la Sophia. chilolezo mwakufuna kwawo Avdotia Potapevna, Artamon Vlasich yokha Sophia. zochitika izi zikuthera sewero lanthabwala Di Fonvizin "Brigadier". mavuto izo rassmotrina pansipa.

Nthawi ya chilengedwe

Choyamba sewero lanthabwala Denis Ivanovich anabadwa mu 1769. Pa zochitika zazikulu zimene zinachitika pa nthawi mu moyo wapoyera, iye analemba ntchito yake Fonvizin ( "kapitawo"). Mbiri ya chilengedwe cha wake umakhudza iwo. Pachimake pa nthawi iyi panali pokonzekera kutsegula kwa Commission polimbana ndi chiphunzitso cha mlomo watsopano - anakonza, zomwe zimakhudza anthu otchuka onse. Mwina chigoba anapanga atchulidwa la sewero lanthabwala wake otchuka Fonvizin ( "kapitawo"). Analysis wa mankhwala zikusonyeza kuti ambiri a iwo Komanso anali otchulidwa negative.

otchulidwa sewero lanthabwala

Kudzera mawonekedwe pafupifupi vaudevillian imene anthu onse ena kuposa mtsogoleri gulu, kukopana ndi mzake, mwadzidzidzi wosakongola monga otchedwa "ambuye a moyo." Pa funso lalikulu amaika Inagwira kwa dziko utumiki otchuka Fonvizin ( "kapitawo"). The zilembo zazikulu - anthu otchuka - akuimira mu si mu kuwala bwino. Pa nthawi yomweyo mwankhanza ndi ulemu kwa linga la, "anthu otchuka" kumaoneka mitundu yowala. Apa manyazi imagwera osati zigawenga kapena mbala, ndipo pa Koyamba, kwa anthu olemekezeka: njonda ya akuluakulu a asilikali, komanso chidwi pa French zamkhutu mnyamata.

Features zisudzo

Denis Ivanovich Fonvizin "Brigadier" anayamba kuika pa siteji, vospolzovshis, poyamba pa zonse, bungwe la Diderot, amene akufuna "kulimbikitsa zisudzo kuti pabalaza." Mu chimodzi mwa zipinda za nyumba pali kanthu mlangizi. Amaonetsa amene anaonera staging anadabwa momwe yoona ndi masoka kuyang'ana otchulidwa lotero. Kuganiza kuti ndi nyumba weniweni, osati zisudzo, ndi omvera ndi zilembo zazikulu mu chipinda chomwecho.

Polemba chinenero miyambo ndi luso

ntchito imeneyi kaonedwe ka mtundu wanyimbo kulengedwa zochokera m'miyambo tingachipeze powerenga za mkulu sewero lanthabwala Di Fonvizin. "Kapitawo", mwachidule omwe takambirana pamwambapa, mwa mawu ambiri anatsatira mwambo. Izi zikuonekera mu malo oyamba otchulidwa zojambula ndi kanthu malo amodzi. Koma iye analola abwerere zapamwamba Denis Fonvizin. "Brigadier" umboni. N'chifukwa chake Ivan, mwana wa kapitawo wa, sanafotokoze maganizo kwambiri chikhalidwe underdeveloped, pamene ife adagawana kumapeto kwa sewerolo komabe anasonyeza chinachake oona mtima. Iye akhoza kunena kuti, kwa kamphindi, anaona kuunika, kuti ngati iye anabweretsa Russian, amene mtundu wake, mwinamwake iye sakanati apita. Denis Ivanovich ntchito derogation uno wokha kuti apange powonekera kuzikhulupirira, kubweretsa izo kwambiri chenicheni. Iye sanali akunjate yekha kwa sewero lanthabwala ndi chotonzedwa kutengerapo wake zosasangalatsa mbali ya moyo wa anthu olemekezeka. Tawalemba amafuna kudziwa makulidwe awo, kudziwa predetermination chikhalidwe.

makhalidwe abwino, zomwe zikutipatsa Fonvizin ( "kapitawo")

Kusanthula mankhwala, tisaiwale kuti Fonvizina chidwi n'chifukwa chiyani pali anthu oterowo. Iye anayankha mu gawo mu ntchito yokha kapitawo, pofuna iye sanatuma mwana wake Regiment, ndipo analola kuti mkazi wake kusokoneza. Izi khalidwe mbuli ndi coarse kenako anazindikira mavuto obwera chifukwa cha maphunziro owonongedwa ndi mafashoni. Kudaoneka kwa iye yekha pamene anamva iwo ndekha chathunthu. Achikulire (timu mtsogoleri ndi mlangizi) anali ankaikira anthu otchuka a nthawi. Bribery akuluakulu aboma ku Russia m'zaka za m'ma 18 anafika pachimake, kotero kuti kulimbana kuti Mfumukazi Elizabeth Summit (kumapeto kwa ulamuliro), ndipo Ekaterina II, amene alichotsamo mphamvu. Onse a iwo anatsutsa katangale mu maofesi a boma.

Ndi Fonvizin, maphunziro ndi njira okhoza kuchiza mavuto onse amene alipo anthu. Kutsogoza nthawi yathu ayenera kukhala maphunziro a otchuka oona, amene ali mwa sewero lanthabwala Sophia ndi Dob. ngwazi Awa ndi maphunziro wolemekezeka, nzeru, chikondi cha dziko, anthu, makhalidwe mkulu kulemekeza chinenero ndi chikhalidwe, komanso kuzindikira ngongole yake.

Mphamvu pa pofuna kukwaniritsa sewero lanthabwala mtundu wanyimbo

Fonvizina sewero lanthabwala "Brigadier" Inde, sanathe bwanji pofuna polemba chinenero wonse. Madziwa olemba tsogolo la mipata yambiri watsopano Kuwulura a m'nkhaniyi ndi zifanizo za khalidwe lawo. Fonvizina sewero lanthabwala "Brigadier" - ntchito imene anaikidwa ndi chakudya cha malangizo atsopano mu sewero. Olemba, playwrights anatola kukwaniritsa Denis Ivanovich ndipo anayamba iwo mopitirira. Izi unaonekera bwino kwambiri ntchito za Sumarokov, makamaka mu sewero lanthabwala wake wotchuka monga "Cuckold m'maganizo." Wolemba aperekedwa pa siteji mwininyumba moyo akuzigawo monga Fonvizin ( "kapitawo"). Analysis wa mankhwala mu wathunthu ichi - ife apeza zinthu zofunika kwambiri mukhoza kuwonjezera kwa iwo paokha.