Kusinthana bilirubin
Ntchito kupuma amapereka zimakhala magazi a thupi zofunika kuchuluka kwa mpweya adatengedwa ndi apadera kwambiri conveyor - hemoglobin - mu kapangidwe ka maselo ofiira a magazi. Komabe, maselo amenewa ndi zochepa moyo, pafupifupi masiku 100-120. Kenako iwo kulowa ziwalo kroverazrusheniya, kumene iwo anamasulidwa hemoglobin. Izo zikuwamanga haptoglobin ndipo pomwepo kusamutsidwa kwa maselo a dongosolo reticuloendothelial kwa kutembenuka china sanali poizoni pigment (bilirubin mwachindunji) ndi kusakonda ya ndulu. Mu macrophages ndi histiocytes hemoglobin poyamba linawola kuti biliverdin, umene ndi pyrrole mphete zinayi zogwirizana dziko kulithetsa. Ndi zina, pali lawo Ndikulichepetsa kuti ufulu bilirubin, amene anagwidwa mapuloteni conveyors natengedwa chiwindi. Mu parenchyma ake kusandulika ake mu bilirubin mwachindunji, mwachitsanzo, kumanga glucuronate kwa kutaya ake.
Udindo wa bakiteriya
Singasiyanitsidwe mbali zosiyanasiyana zambiri zokhudza Kugawilidwa kwanthaka wa inki ya ndulu amachita yachibadwa microflora matumbo. Bilirubin akupita molunjika ku chiwindi mu zikuchokera ya ndulu mu vesica fellea, ndipo pamene kutsegula faterova unyinji akulowa duodenum, ndi zina, mu wa intestine kakang'ono, pamene anamasulidwa ku asidi glucuronic ndi n'kukhala sterkobilinogena outputting ndi ndowe. Gawo la izo podutsa rectum ali odzipereka mu mitsempha hemorrhoidal kulowa m'magazi, anyalanyaza chiwindi, ndi excreted kudzera impso mu mkodzo. Choncho, mwazi kosalekeza wapezeka monga mfulu, mwachindunji bilirubin. mlingo otsiriza za 5.1 mol / l, ndi onse - 15.
Matenda a matenda a chiwindi
Malinga ndi kugwedera ndi chiŵerengero cha zolozerazi akhoza adzaweruzidwa kugwira ntchito kwa chiwindi. Choncho, ngati parenchyma a thupi ali ndi matenda kapena poizoni kuwonongeka, ambiri a pigment ufulu ndi kukhala unbound, ndi ndende mu magazi a mitundu onse a kuwonjezeka pigment kwambiri. Direct bilirubin m'magazi ndi wapezeka mu wotchedwa obstructive matenda a chikasu ndiyo, limene pali zopinga kuti otaya wabwinobwino wa ya ndulu, choncho ya ndulu regurgitation amapezeka m'magazi. Chifukwa cha ichi kungakhale psinjika ya ndulu ritsa zotupa za kapamba mutu, mwala, etc. kufafaniza. Pali suprarenal ndi matenda a chikasu ndiyo, chifukwa cha komwe kumatheka kuwola wa hemoglobin mu m'magazi. Izi zingakhudze poizoni hemolytic ndi poizoni tating'onoting'ono, ena a chikhalidwe thupi. Komabe, ndi mitundu yonse ya chiwindi bilirubin chimamangirira mu zimakhala ndi. Unbound chomwecho chifukwa cha lipophilicity ake, mosavuta likulowerera m'zipinda kuphatikizapo kupyolera magazi ndi ubongo chotchinga, ndipo alekanitsa unyolo elekitironi zoyendera mu mitochondria, potero inhibiting kagayidwe mphamvu. N'kwabwino pankhaniyi, mwachindunji bilirubin, amene wakudziko ndi sanali poizoni, popeza insoluble molekyulu.