Authoritarian ulamuliro: a mitundu Transitional kapena chodabwitsa wakhululuka?

Chikhalidwe ndi mu sayansi ndale ndi jurisprudence iye lagawidwa mitundu itatu ya boma ankhanza: voti, opondereza ndi authoritarian ankhanza. Yotsirizira ali ndi udindo wapakatikati pakati pa awiri. Nthawi zina amatchedwa kusintha, koma ofufuza ambiri amakonda mtundu ali ndi ufulu kuli palokha. Kodi izi ndi zoona?

Zochokera chakuti mwayi kuphunzira lamakono, tikhoza kunena izi: a authoritarian ulamuliro - mwapadera a kuonetsa mphamvu mu dziko, imene uthunthu wake onse ali anaikira mu manja a munthu wina.

tanthauzo anapereka nthawizina pansi ena kutsutsa. Akatswiri ena andale zikusonyeza kuwonjezera zomwe zanenedwa, mawu akuti "kapena phwando." udindo wawo, iwo pofotokoza mfundo yakuti ndi ulamuliro authoritarian ndi ya njira sanali demokalase ndi njira za mphamvu mu dziko. Choncho, zodabwitsazi akhoza anazimitsa ndi fascism, ndi Ulamuliro ngati kusonyezedwa kwa mitundu muyeso wa authoritarianism. Koma amanena izi kutsutsana. Komanso, maziko mkangano woterowo kuchita makhalidwe ena kuti kusiyanitsa mode odalirika.

Zizindikiro za izo ndi izi:

1. Kutithandiza kuona kuti mphamvu mu chikhalidwe ikuchitika mogwirizana ndi chifuniro limodzi la munthu. Monga mukudziwa, pansi Fascism kapena Ulamuliro ufulu oterowo chipani ndipo anthu ake.
2. The Kulekana kwa mphamvu za mfundo anasonyeza lokha, akuluakulu a nthambi, monga ulamuliro, kuperekedwa ndi anthu kusankhidwa "mtsogoleri."
3. mphamvu zokonza malamulo ndi zoona phunziro kwa chipani lolamulira. Zinthu ngati chingapezeke kudzera chapamwamba kachulukidwe mu oimira aphungu azimvetsa kazembe wa chipanichi.
4. mphamvu Judicial ndi malamulo koma osati yovomerezeka.
5. Othandiza, onse kungokhala chete ndi ntchito, ndi mwangwiro kukongoletsa.
6. State njira kulamulira amakhala ndi malamulo utsogoleri ndi lamulo.
7. Kufufuza ndi "zofewa" chikhalidwe cha nzika nawobe ufulu wonena maganizo awo.
8. Chiŵerengero "boma - munthu" ali khalidwe la subordination wachiwiri oyamba.
9. The boma authoritarian zachokera atchedwe ofunda ufulu wa anthu ndi / kapena nzika.
10. yazamalamulo mabungwe imvera yekha kuti zolinga za mtsogoleri andale.

Monga mmene taonera, ankaimira makhalidwe zimaonetsa ndi authoritarian ulamuliro monga chodabwitsa kuti dualistic. Zizindikiro ndi demokalase (osachepera), ndi Ulamuliro (more) alipo mu chinthu ankafufuza. Ndipo mmene umaonekera zimadalira malangizo a kusinthika kuchokera ku ulamuliro umodzi m'dera lina.

Pali zinthu zimene kukhazikitsidwa ndi ulamuliro authoritarian M'pofunika. Monga ulamuliro, zikatero ndiye yekha vuto la mwadzidzidzi, imene ingakhale monga iyi: achilengedwe yaitali chikhalidwe cha masoka, zopangidwa ndi masoka ndi nkhondo. Pankhaniyi, mutu osankhidwa mwalamulo la boma lili kuti aganyali mu mphamvu ya wamkulu, ena mbali ya malamulo ndi zachiweruzo. Iwo anafotokoza kufunika izi zonse kuyankha mofulumira zamwadzidzidzi.

Komabe, zitsanzo zimenezi zimasiyana nyengo yochepa, kenako ayenera kusintha kwa mtundu analipo wa ulamuliro.

Choncho, kubwerera ku nkhani amadziŵika pachiyambi, tikhoza kunena kuti boma authoritarian kwake mitundu iwiri: zosakhalitsa (pamene amafuna zinthu cholinga) ndi okhazikika (pamene mtsogoleri anadza kwa eni zimapangitsa masitepe pamwamba mwadala). N'chifukwa chake bwinobwino funso sangakhale.