Aristotle Mawu a boma akhala zogwirizana lero

Aristotle - mmodzi wa mayina otchuka mu nzeru. A mwana wa Plato, amene kusiya ziphunzitso za mphunzitsi wake ndipo adalenga sukulu yake, Aristotle anali mphunzitsi waukulu Aleksandra Velikogo, ndi malingaliro ake mukopedwe ntchito ndale wa Macedon. Alandira sayansi angapo zamakono monga sayansi ndale ndi Chaanthu, izo Aristotle anaika, zolemba ndi aphorisms kuti ndi zogwirizana lero.

yonena

Tsogolo nzeru zapamwamba kwambiri anabadwa mu 384 BC. e. atate wake, Nicomachus (pambuyo amene Aristotle anaitana mwana wake ndipo mwina kuti makhalidwe ake), ntchito monga dokotala achifumu pa bwalo Makedoniya. Udindo wa bambo anatsimikiza mtima oyamba oyambirira a Aristotle ndi Philip II ya Macedon, atate wawo wa Alesandere. Philip anaima zapansi wa heyday ya boma ku Makedoniya, amene anadza pa ubwana ndi unyamata a Aristotle.

Mu unyamata oyambirira, Aristotle opanda bambo, koma icho chinali cholowa wolemera, amene analola mnyamatayo analibe tisasokoneze maphunziro awo. Patapita zaka ziwiri, Aristotle anasamukira ku Athens ndi kulumikiza sukulu Plato. Iye anali wophunzira, mnzake ndi mnzake wa Plato kwa zaka makumi awiri, ngakhale kuti zinthu zambiri samagwirizana ndi mphunzitsi wake.

Pambuyo pa imfa ya Plato, Aristotle kumanzere Athens, anakwatira ndipo anakhala mphunzitsi Aleksandra Makedonskogo pamaso kubadwa kwake 18. Ngakhale nyota pamaso mfundo ndi kulenga sukulu yake ya nzeru, Aristotle anakhala nzika ya ku Makedoniya, anakakamizika kusiya polis Greek Alekizanda atamwalira. Wafilosofi anamwalira chaka mwana wake wotchuka.

nzeru Aristotle

Kuwonjezera chakuti maganizo a Aristotle anayamba nakhala tate wa kaganizidwe ofunda, kupanga chipangizo cilamulo, tsiku lero anayambanso nzeru zapamwamba yekha wa nthawi chakale, kuti akonze dongosolo aumunthu. muzochitika zones za moyo wa anthu - maphunziro azachilengedwe, chipembedzo, Chaanthu, ndale, sayansi, logic ndi ngakhale chiyambi cha mitundu amakhudzidwa ntchito zawo Aristotle. Quotes za moyo, anatengedwa kuchokera zopereka kapena Maulendo a ophunzira ake ndi anzake zimasonyeza nzeru zake ndi chidziwitso chozama pa ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

Aristotle anasankha sayansi ongolankhula - amene amapereka nzeru okha. Zikuphatikizapo sayansi, metaphysics, zamulungu, ndi masamu. Ethics ndi ndale - othandiza sayansi; chidziwitso kudzera m'phunziro awo ungagwiritsidwe ntchito malonda. chikoka Special pa nzeru za makono anali ndi maganizo Aristotelian za boma. Ndipotu iye anakhala kholo la Chaanthu ndi sayansi ndale.

Malingaliro ndi amagwira Aristotle za boma

Aristotle anali individualist ndi mwamphamvu anatsutsa maganizo a boma Plato lili. Kaya mfundo chipangizo monga Plato anali "Zothandiza". Akuganiza kuti wamba onse - chuma akazi awo ndi ana. Aristotle ananena kuti chikominisi ndi mitala akuwononga dziko. Pamaziko a kusiyana anaonekera Aristotle yotchuka amagwira, "Plato ndi mnzanga, koma choonadi ndi mokondera" imene adawomba pang'ono zovuta oyambirira.

Aristotle anali wothandiza katundu payekha, ukapolo ndi monogamy, pamene iye ankaona kuti udindo ena zigawo za boma pansipa Mwachitsanzo, akapolo, osauka ndi akazi. Chilakolako cha munthu kukhala anthu ndipo anatsindika chilengedwe cha woyamba m'banja, ndiye polojekitiyo ndi boma ina. Komabe, pokhala nzika Zimatanthauza kuika boma pamwamba pa banja ndi m'madera.

Chiyambi ndi chikhalidwe cha boma

Aristotle unachitikira chiphunzitso mbiri ya chilengedwe cha dziko. Malinga ndi maganizo ake, chiyambi cha dongosolo boma anali chikhalidwe cha munthu - munthu chikhalidwe, chimene chimafuna kulankhulana. anthufe timafuna kukhala ndi moyo osati bwinobwino komanso mosangalala amachititsa chofuna socialization. Malinga ndi Aristotle, munthu safuna kulankhula - ndi nyama kapena mulungu.

Pofuna kukwaniritsa zinthu zofunika, zomwe sizingatheke zokha, anthu - amuna ndi akazi - pamodzi m'banja. Mabanja tikukhala pafupi limodzi, kupanga ammudzi. Padali kugawanikana a dongosolo ntchito kuwombola ndi ukapolo. Kenako, Ayuda amenewa mwakula ndi kusanduka ku boma. Aristotle Mawu a chikhalidwe munthu amacheza ndi ili: "Munthu, sangathe kapena sakufuna kukhala m'dera - chirombo kapena mulungu, chifukwa iye si iye yekha."

Aristotle akuyerekeza boma ndi thupi, umene aliyense mbali ya thupi, aliyense limba amachita yekha payekha ntchito yake:. Mutu, manja, mtima, ndi zina zotero D. Kuchokera amagwira izi Aristotle pa kasamalidwe: "Munthu wina mutu, ndipo boma ayenera kukhala mtsogoleri mmodzi ". Lingaliro la chamoyo umodzi amachititsa nzeru zapamwamba kukhulupirira kufunikira kwa ufulu wina ndi ufulu wa munthu, komanso Kulekana kwa mphamvu za pakati pa nthambi. Pa kukana nkhanza, anati Aristotle ndibwereze kuti ankhanza kwambiri ndi demagogues, ndipo iwo akhoza kuchita kanthu kalikonse, koma choonongeka malamulo awo boma ndi ovuta kwambiri ndiponso osaleka kulamulira.