Apolisi US. Tithe mwa apolisi US. Zizindikiro apolisi US

apolisi US - dongosolo unagawanika. Amakhala 19 chikwi. M'madipatimenti General ulamuliro apolisi, komanso pa 21 chikwi. Offices ulamuliro wapadera. Amachita milingo kwawoko komanso ndi boma. Komabe, pafupifupi theka la maboma m'deralo wapangidwa ndi ogwira ntchito 10 okha.

Mawu akuti "US apolisi" ngati si mu America. Aliyense boma - dipatimenti ake apolisi, amene zimadalira anthu ena. Kapangidwe awo limati osiyana siyana kwambiri. Komabe, waukulu mbali wamba akhoza kuwasiyanitsa. State Police Mwachitsanzo, akulamulira mumsewu waukulu kapena kulowerera pa pempho milandu munthu, pamene zinthu zina amafuna. Koma nthawi yomweyo atsogoleri a mabungwe, sheriffs atsogoleri ena a zigawo izo sali pansi. Ena amanenera, apolisi US ndi mayunitsi wapadera anayamba mtundu wa apolisi chilengedwe, ndi zina zotero. antchito awo ndi ufulu wofanana ndi apolisi wamba. M'mizinda pali Wothandiza apolisi. Kulankhula maganizo athu, ndi zigawenga. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane dongosolo lake apolisi US.

Kapangidwe ka apolisi US

United States dongosolo feduro zikutanthauza ufulu kuboma boma ndi makonsolo. Zoyambazo, nayenso, ntchito mosadalira boma. Awo matupi kufufuza omwe akupezeka pa mulingo uliwose. The boma akufufuza milandu zokhudza ulamuliro wa chilamulo ndi ulamuliro wa boma. Alipo mu madera a boma akufufuza nawo milandu imene ikuchitika ku yamtunduwu wa boma la limati munthu. Mu boma US, pali wapadera m'madipatimenti - chitetezo anthu, chilungamo. Iwo agawidwa nawonso, ndi mutsogoleli wadziko ndi bungwe la nduna kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maofesi. FBI - ofesi, yomwe ili mu Dipatimenti ya Chilungamo. Iwo amagwira ntchito pa dziko lonse la Agency Federal. Komabe, mu US pali okwana lonse la boma apolisi. Border Oyang'anira Mwachitsanzo - magawano, gawo la State Dipatimenti Security. Iwo amagwirizana ndi m'dziko ndi miyambo misonkhano, polimbana kuzembetsa ndi ulamuliro mankhwala. apolisi boma ndi olondera magalimoto ntchito maboma a boma. The United States anawagawa zigawo. Mu mmodzi wa iwo ali wosankhidwa Shefifi kwa zaka 2 kapena 4, pamene ena amaikidwa ndi apolisi. County - maphunziro, wopangidwa mwa mizinda, omwe amasankhidwa ndi mkulu.

mabungwe yazamalamulo

Mu US, waukulu mabungwe ndi udindo ndi Federal Zachuma, Utumiki wa Justice ndi usilikali positi. ntchito yawo ndi kuchepetsa ntchito ya abwanamkubwa mu kulemekeza malamulo Interstate malonda, misonkho ndipo yazamalamulo. Pakati pa Mabungwe kwa Utumiki wa Justice zikuphatikizapo FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation). Iwo amangomvera milandu yokhudza kuba, banki akuba, kuyan'anila za malamulo. Pali mabungwe ena.

apolisi US Road

Udindo waukulu wa asilikari kulondera ndi kugwira ntchito pa kufufuza ngozi ndi njira yolimbana. ntchitozo ali mu United States si allocated kuti ulamuliro osiyana, m'mayiko ena. olondera Special ntchito mwa mizinda ikuluikulu (Washington, New York), akhoza kuchita ngozi zoopsa ndi zochitika, ndi monopatruli - chindapusa chifukwa chophwanya malamulo magalimoto ndi malangizo gululi. Anyamatawo m'malire a zigawo msewu wa madera komanso limati, ndiwo lotanganidwa, ali ndi ufulu zonse kayendedwe ka magalimoto. Awa ndi udindo zofunika kuti amanyamula magalimoto apolisi ya USA. Photo akapitawo anapereka pamwamba.

Pa magalimoto apolisi anawonjezera ulamuliro Izi zimawathandiza kugwira ntchito zawo kunja boma. Public ochita chipikisheni odzichitira pawokha ntchito m'mizinda yambiri. Iwo mungawononge zolakwa zazing'ono, makamaka polojekiti kugwilizana ndi malamulo magalimoto.

ntchito zawo chitetezo

Mu US, pali masauzande a iwo. ntchito za ntchito payokha ambiri ogwira ntchito. Akamagwira ntchito apolisi. ntchito zawo tsopano kuwonjezeka. Nthawi zambiri mabungwe akuluakulu bungwe asilikali awo chitetezo, amene akuvutika ndi kuba, katangale, kuba, ndi espionage makampani mwa kampani.

olondera wamba amachitika mizinda ina. Akamagwira ntchito makamaka njira, kuteteza kuyan'anila zazing'ono. Iwo akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa masoka achilengedwe, zachiwawa ndi zisudzo, komanso nthawi zina pamene ogwira dipatimentiyi apolisi tidzakusowa.

mpolisi

analenga anayamba pa zaka mazana awiri zapitazo. Wodziimira mpolisi botolo la USA anayamba mu September 1941. Yachokera pa zimene imene analandira m'kupita kwa ambiri nkhondo lero nkhondo, amene anali nawo usilikali US, iwo anali kudzudzulidwa ndi kuyengedwa mugawo ili anathana ndi mavuto othandiza. Izo, omwenso kusintha ndipo osauka pompopompo.

Apolisi ngati utumiki yothandiza

Chaka chilichonse, udindo wa US ngati utumiki apolisi a yothandiza. Mu US, ndi pafupifupi yekha akuthamanga kuzungulira utumiki wotchi mwadzidzidzi, amene ali mphamvu zambiri. Nthawi zina discretionary.

Malamulo kuphatikiza a ntchito

Police Institute Ndithu zofunika kwa anayamba limati demokalase. Komabe, boma-oyendetsera dziko msinkhu, analandira pafupifupi palibe kuphatikiza malamulo. anayambitsa Izi okha njira zina otchulidwa ndondomeko zingapo za mayiko. Apolisi anapeza mapangidwe yolusa normative malamulo mu County ndi malamulo oyang'anira tauni.

Ntchito mu Police US

Ntchito Police USA ndi yapamwamba, ngakhale wapamwambatu analipira. Ofuna zofunika kuzikwaniritsa kuti ayenera kukwaniritsa. Pofuna kukhala ndi wapolisi, muyenera kukhala US nzika, kukhala zaka zapakati pa 21 ndi 35 zakubadwa, palibe umboni chigawenga, ndipo zofunika kuti tisakhale ndi mlandu konse. Muyenera kuti ophunzitsidwa ku Police Academy. Zokonda Motero kuperekedwa kwa kunkhondo. Nditamaliza ake apolisi amayamba ntchito yake ndi olondera msewu. Onani kuti mfundo imeneyi ndi Madongosolo aliyense, ngakhale ogwira ntchito amene ali ndi udindo wapamwamba, kamodzi woyenda misewu. Izi zachitika kuonetsetsa kuti apolisi onse, kuyambira wamba, kutsiriza ndi ambiri, chabwino kudziwa limatchula za ntchito.

Tiuzeni pang'ono za zimene ndi zida apolisi ndi zida US antchito ake. Pambuyo pa sukulu chikalata utumiki chida. Kusankha chingapangidwe kuchokera ku mfuti anayi. Ku New York, kodi chidwi, monga mwa lamulo la boma, wapolisi ali ndi ufulu kukhala cholowa chida chilichonse, koma chokhacho analola. Fomu mu maudindo ambiri, monga ulamuliro, apolisi chikalata. Komabe, ena chaka allocated Wogwila 1 zikwi. Madola. US apolisi mawonekedwe yabwino ndithu - zambiri matumba. Ndi chilimwe ndi chisanu. apolisi onse US ayenera kuvala chizindikiritso baji wapadera, chimene chidalembedwa chiwerengero chawo. Ngati ndi siliva - kapitawo pamaso panu, ndipo ngati golide - wantchito wa udindo wapamwamba. US apolisi magalimoto kubwera mu zitsanzo zingapo ndipo zopangidwa. Ambiri - Chevrolet Impala ndi Ford Korona Victoria (onani chithunzi m'munsimu). Other US apolisi magalimoto - Chevrolet Tahoe, Ford Explorer, 15-seater Vans Ford Econoline ndi ena.

Pafupifupi zaka zitatu anapitiriza yochita pamalo kapitawo (Dziwani kuti afika aliyense amene anatha maphunziro a sukulu apolisi). Wantchitoyo akhoza kukhala ofufuza kapena kupita ku dipatimenti umenewu kapena kuti.

The American apolisi kumatenga zaka makumi awiri. Wantchitoyo mwina kupuma. Pa zaka 55 pakubwera malire pazipita ntchitoyo. A wapolisi akapuma mwina zosamukira kudziko lina (zambiri Florida) ndi kuno ku dipatimenti apolisi. Komabe, iye adzapitiriza kulandira ndalama za penshoni kwa kasamalidwe ake akale.

Awiri mitundu ya utumiki apolisi

Awiri mitundu ya apolisi kukhalapo mu United States. The choyamba - kazembe-cholinga utumiki. Udindo antchito ake ofanana ntchito m'madi- apolisi a m'derali. Chachiwiri - okha utumiki kopita. antchito ake zikugwira makamaka kulondera ndipo ntchito investigative. Mu US, apolisi zigwirizana mayunitsi waukulu 3: apolisi a m'derali, apolisi boma ndi apolisi feduro.

apolisi a m'derali

Ndi nkhani yokhayo makonsolo. mphamvu zake kuwonjezera yekha County yoyenera kapena mayunitsi ena m'deralo. Pali mitundu iwiri ya apolisi a m'derali: misonkhano apolisi a zigawo ndi mizinda apolisi oyang'anira tauni. yofunika kwambiri ntchito yawo. Wokwanira kuona kuti apolisi a m'derali ndi ochuluka kwambiri. 90% ya kapangidwe apolisi US imagwera pa cholowa. ntchito zake zotsatirazi: kupewa upandu, umbava kufufuza, ulamuliro magalimoto, komanso kayendetsedwe ndi apolisi kulamulira Kukwanilitsa ntchito za makhalidwe apolisi. City apolisi dipatimenti mu United States zambiri bungwe pa mfundo yomweyo, chimene mabungwe aboma anapanga. Dongosolo apolisi ali m'gulu MILANDU Service, utumiki moyang'aniridwa ndi ulamuliro wa kukhoti.

Shefifi mu ulamuliro m'dera

The boma mkulu wa apolisi mlandu subordinated kwa meya. The Shefifi, amene amasankhidwa ndi anthu kwa zaka 2 kapena 4, kutsogozedwa ndi ntchito County apolisi. ntchito yake - kufufuza ndi kumangidwa zigawenga. The m'ndende m'dera umayendetsedwa ndi Shefifi lapansi. M'matchalitchi akumidzi ndi m'maboma Police Service kukanena amasankhidwa. bungwe lawo, ndi bungwe monga Shefifi ndi, ozika mizu m'mbuyomu a dziko. Pamlingo waukulu lero ali otha ake, popeza nkhondo yolimbana ndi umbanda, zofuna kunadetsa kukula wa Luso. Ndipo iwo anasankha kukanena ndi sheriffs Sikuti nthawi zambiri. M'malo mwa kukanena m'maboma ambiri abwere lero wamba yapolisi.

Commissioner, Chief DS

Commissioner, Chief DS wa Police, kapena - ndi mutu wamkulu wa ulamuliro wapolisi. Kawirikawiri, anaikidwa mutu wa mzinda, meya kapena aphungu wamba. Chapter m'madipatimenti apolisi lalikulu osankhidwa ndi mavoti otchuka, kapena akhoza positi, kupanga ntchito boma (litatuluka mkulu kulondera kapitawo kenako anayamba kuthandiza mutu).

The Shefifi boma chigawo

Mutu wa Dipatimenti ya apolisi m'dera ankatchedwa kuti Shefifi. Iye anasankhidwa kuti udindo uwu, ndipo ali ndi ufulu woika akuluakulu awo. Ntchito zimene zili zachilendo kwa apolisi boma, Shefifi amachita utsogoleli. Izi ndi kuonetsetsa chitetezo pa mlandu, nkhani za ndende County, buku la zizindikiro zalamulo, kuphatikizapo malamulo ndi chigamulo cha khoti.

Utsogoleri wolowezana wa maudindo

Tithe mwa apolisi US kupanga ufumu - .. Sergeant, msilikali, Captain, etc. Mwina yosiyaniranapo kutengera kukula ndi dipatimenti. Tithe mwa apolisi US kawirikawiri anatumidwa ndi mkulu. Pafupifupi 90% a ogwira ntchito chifukwa cha lino retiring adakali udindo wa bwana. Monga mukukumbukira, mu United States ndi - udindo wamng'ono ali basi anatumizidwa ndi munthu amene anayamba utumiki wa apolisi. Mawu "Wapolisi" si udindo wa asilikali, monga ambiri amakhulupirira. Ndi monga mawu amene amatanthauza "wantchito", "wapolisi". Udindo ofufuza, ndi njira, makamaka wofanana ndi msilikali positi. Apolisi amene atumikira kwa zaka za atatu kapena asanu ziwalo akhoza kukhala sergeants, ngati ndidzadutsa kulemba mayeso wapadera. maudindo apo pa likutukuka: .. pambuyo anga ndi - mkulu, ndiye mkulu, etc. Mu Dipatimenti ya apolisi basi silingamasuliridwe. Pankhaniyi, ntchito yake kuti tiyambe kuyambira pachiyambi.

Zizindikiro apolisi US

apolisi US ntchito zizindikiro zapadera kuti tilankhule wina ndi mnzake. Mu zikomo dziko mafilimu American kudziwika malamulo 10. kupangidwa zaka zoposa 50 zapitazo. Ndiye mabungwe a chitetezo ndodo anali mphepo chimodzi chokha, masekondi efa pamene ofunika ake kulemera golidi. N'chifukwa chake apanga chimadalira wapadera wa zizindikiro apolisi ya United States, kuchepetsa nthawi kuitana, ndi kuchita ntchito bwino. Komabe, panali vuto - m'madipatimenti zosiyanasiyana za zizindikiro zomwezo kawirikawiri amatanthauza zinthu zosiyana. Kachitidwe kulankhulana mobwerezabwereza anayesa kukhazikitsa bata, koma nthawi iliyonse iwo idatha kulephera: sikunali kotheka kuti tikwaniritse okwana standardization. vutolo kukula chifukwa chakuti pa nthawi phindu la malamulo zinasintha. Mwachitsanzo, ngati pa chiyambi cha 1940s lapansi. uthenga "10-24 'angamasuliridwe kuti" kuukira siteshoni, Akufunika kuti abwere powonekera anthuwo, "Tsopano m'buku analidziwitsa kwambiri za imfa ya apolisi ntchito boma. Chitsanzo china. Code "10-82" kamodzi anatanthauza kufunika kusungitsa chipinda ndi kusamba. Tsopano izo zikhoza decrypted, zoopseza ngati "kuunika wosweka" kapena kulamula kuti akawamange ndi mafunso a akuganiza pa malopo.

Mpaka nthawi zina, anthu ochepa mukusautsika ndi kutanthauzira zonse zosiyana izi. Si kawirikawiri ikuchitika lalikulu ntchito limodzi ndi ngati ikuchitika, izo kawirikawiri sikutanthauza ogwira ntchito ndi mmene anthu, m'kamphindi, choncho apolisi tilankhule wina ndi mnzake mu English kumveka. Komabe, September 11, 2001 panali mavuto. Kenako chinthu Zigawenga Pentagon nyumbayi, yomwe ili m'chigawo cha Virginia. Apolisi anafika pamalopo kuchokera m'madipatimenti osiyanasiyana, anapeza kuti sanamvetsetse mzake. Mu 2005, vuto malamulo wotchuka 10 wafika lonse la tsoka dziko, pamene zikwi apolisi ku madera osiyanasiyana ndi mizinda anatumizidwa kuthandiza okhudzidwa ndi mphepo ya Katrina. Chifukwa, ndawala unayambitsidwa kuthetsa kachidindo kudwala-fated. Virginia linakhala dziko loyamba chimene analetsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito izo.

Kotero, inu mukudziwa mfundo zazikulu za apolisi US. Monga mukuonera, boma lake n'chosiyana kwambiri dongosolo kuti alipo mu dziko lathu. The chidwi kwambiri zikuoneka mwathu muno.