Aphorisms Ranevskoy Fainy Georgievny akazi, amuna, okhudza moyo ndi za iwo okha

Kodi ndiwe wangati mukufunika kuti talenteyo ikhale yosasewera maudindo apamwamba, kudziwika kuti ndi mmodzi wa okonda masewero abwino a zaka zanu? Wojambula wotchuka, yemwe sanagwirepo ntchito yake yotsogolera. Anali wosungulumwa chifukwa cha luso lake.

Aphorisms Ranevskaya akudabwitsa kwambiri wotchuka, kawirikawiri kutchula mawu ake "chizindikiro" akhoza kuchitiridwa nsanje ndi wolemba aliyense. Ankawona kuti masewerawa ndi dziko lapadera. Iye anali wodzikonda mwachikondi naye. Mwachiwonekere, pa anthu oterowo zojambula zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Dzina lake lenileni ndi Faina Girshevna Feldman. Dzina la bambo ake linali Girsh Khaimovich Feldman, ndipo amayi ake anali Milka Rafailovna Zagovailova. Mtsikanayo adzabwera ndi dzina lakuti "Ranevskaya" patapita zaka makumi awiri. Msungwanayo anabadwa pa August 27, 1896 m'banja la wogulitsa mafakitale a Taganrog, panthawi ya siliva ndi chitsulo zaka mazana ambiri. Moyo wake unali wausinkhu wa Pushkin. Ndipo iye anali woti apite njira yowopsya ndi yoopsya ya iye yekha. Ndizo zokhudzana ndi izi - zodziwika bwino za moyo, zonena za iye mwini.

Ubwana, unyamata

Chikhalidwe cha mtsikanayo chinawonetsedwa mu masewera olimbitsa thupi. Iye anakana kwathunthu kupita ku Mariinskaya Gymnasium chifukwa chophunzira zenizeni zenizeni. Koma mokondwera ndimakhala nthawi yochuluka ku mabuku, ndikuyimba. Faina Ranevskaya ali mnyamata anali kale wokonzeka kusintha. Kuthamanga patsogolo, timanena kuti ali yemweyo kwa moyo wake wonse. Kenaka makolo anzeru anasamukira mwana wawo wamkazi ku sukulu.

Ali ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, msungwanayo adasankha kukhala wojambula, ndipo adaphunzitsidwa ku studio yojambula, ndipo pa 19 adachoka ku Moscow kuti akhale wojambula.

Mavuto a ku Moscow. Thandizani mpira

Faina anali atataya mtima: iye sankakhoza kupeza ntchito ku likulu lirilonse lalikulu. Faina Ranevskaya ali mnyamata anali ngati bwenzi la Andersen loipa. Mu msinkhu wamsinkhu, wamanyazi ndi wosasangalatsa, oyang'anira sadaganizire mphatso ya mtsikanayo. Ndalama za moyo sizinali (makolo anasamukira). Mwa kusimidwa, Faina anapempha ndalama kuchokera kwa bwenzi lake lakale la bwenzi lake, koma iye anakana.

Koma apa, mwachionekere, tsoka linalowerera. Ali pamsewu, adalibe moyo, wosungulumwa komanso osadalira pakhomo la opera ku Moscow, anaona Catherine Geltzer wotchuka wa ballerina. Anadandaula kuti "mtsikana wosasangalala kwambiri padziko lapansi."

Chifukwa cha kuchitapo kanthu kwake, Ranevskaya Faina Georgievna anakhala wochita masewero ku dacha theatre pafupi ndi Moscow, Malakhovka, mu gulu la Madame Lavrovskaya. Pa nthawi imeneyo, ndi dzanja lamanja la ochita masewero a Malakhovka, adatchulidwanso, ndipo kenako adadzakhala dzina lakuti "Ranevskaya". Chekhov wa heroine wa "Cherry Orchard", monga mukudziwira, ankakonda kuwononga ndalama. Faina Georgievna kwenikweni anali ngati iye pankhaniyi. Nthaŵi zina kumizidwa mu dziko lake la pansi kunkapangitsa kuti azidziŵa ...

Nthawi ina ku Kerch, kumene masewera a zisudzo anakhudzidwa, Ranevskaya anapita ku banki kukapeza malipiro ake. Akupita ku msewu, amaganiza kuti ali ndi ngongole m'manja mwake. Atangomva mphepo, adangoti: "Zimakhala zomvetsa chisoni bwanji, pamene akuuluka!" Pambuyo panthawiyi dzina lake Feldman, palibe yemwe anamutcha ... Koma gulu lachitetezo silingathe kumudyetsa luso lake nthawi yaitali.

Mwa kusimidwa kuchokera ku chinyengo ndi kusowa kwawo kwa anzanu apamtima pa ulendo ku Feodosia (iye sanalipidwe ndalama zomwe analandira), wojambulayo amawasiya iwo ndikupita ku Rostov.

Inde, dacha Theatre ikhoza kukhala Faina Georgievna chabe chochitika chofunikira pakati pa kulenga. Ndipotu, sanakhale ngati kachisi wa zojambulajambula. Anthu opanda ntchito pazithunzi za ochita masewera ndi oyang'anira, chisokonezo cha pakhomo. Pa kusiyana kwa zolinga za wokonda ndi zowona, mawu ambiri a Ranevskaya amatsimikizira.

Thandizo la Actress Pavla Wolf

Wojambula Wopanga Anthu, ndiye akungoganizira za masewero a nyumba zamakono, adapempheranso ... Wojambula wotchuka Pavel Wolf ku Rostov anali mphunzitsi weniweni yemwe ankafuna chibwenzi, chibwenzi mwa chikondi ndi luso. Ambiri a mpikisano wa Ranevskaya amasiyanasiyana ndikumvetsetsa kuti ntchitoyi ndi yotani.

Anaphunzitsa Fain kuti azigwira ntchito mwachidwi monga ntchito yochepa: poyamba kumvetsetsa, ataphunzirapo pang'ono, kumvetsa moyo weniweni wa heroine, ndikulimbikitsanso moyo wake ndi masewera ake. Mosakayikira, chifukwa cha iye mtsikanayo anachitidwa ngati munthu wolenga, ndipo luso lake lapaderadera linapatsidwa moyenera. Paul Wolfe anaphunzitsa wophunzira wake wabwino kuti asawerenge, koma kuti akhale pa siteji, kuti awone zomwe wolemba analemba pakati pa mizere ndikuwonetsera.

Pa nthawi yovuta, Paul Wolf adam'teteza, adamulanditsa ku zoopsya za nkhondo yapachiweniweni, kupita naye ku Feodosiya. Ndipo pomwepo iwo onse adatha kukana njala, modzikonda kugwira ntchito iliyonse. Chithandizo chachikulu chinali chithandizo cha Maximilian Voloshin , yemwe amakhala kutali ndi iwo (ku Koktebel) . Popanda nsomba zomwe anabweretsa kwa iwo, zikanakhala njala ...

NEP. Zilonda zazing'ono

M'zaka za 1923-1924. Nthawi ya NEP inayamba. Potsirizira pake dzikoli ladzaza, ali ndi njala! Iyo inali nthawi ya jazz, yomwe panthawiyo inali yogwirizana ndi ufulu wamakhalidwe. Makina osindikizira anasiya malamulo okha, ndipo anthu amawerenga mwachidwi za zikondwerero, kuphunzira kuti:

• Olemba ndakatulo Balmont ndi Yesenin mnogozhenstvovat ndi kumwa;
• Akhmatova, pokondana ndi Blok, anasudzulana Gumilev ndipo kenaka adalowa m'banja mwakabisa;
• A. Blok samakhala ndi mkazi wake, ndipo V. Mayakovsky amakhala ndi mlendo.

Mnyamata, wodzala ndi zojambula, wojambulayo analota za ulemerero wa wowonerera, iye sakufuna kusewera pa siteji, koma kukhala ndi luso labwino. Zimene Ranevskaya ananena zokhudza izi zikusonyeza.

Pa nthawi yovuta imeneyo, Paul Wolf ndi Faina Ranevskaya analandira chiitanidwe kwa nthawi imodzi kuchokera ku Kazan Theatre. Kenako onse awiri anasamukira ku Moscow. Ranevskaya Faina Georgievna anakumana ndi mtsogoleri wamkulu wa Moscow Art Theater V. Kachalov. Ubwenzi ndi mwamuna uyu unamumangiriza iye mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo wake. Maloto ake anali oti achite mu zisudzo izi. Komabe, kuti muwone, pa nthawi imeneyo izo sizinayenera kuti zichitike. Vasily Ivanovich anakonza zoti akambirane ndi Nemirovich-Danchenko kwa iye, koma Ranevskaya anasokonezeka kwambiri ndipo anamutcha kuti "wopenga."

Masewera m'malo osiyana a USSR

Mu 1925, Ranevskaya Faina Georgievna anatha kuchita masewera atatu: MONO wa Moscow, ku malo owonetsera masewera a mzinda wa Artemovsk, kuntchito ya Baku. M'kupita kwa nthawi, anakumana ndi mkaka Mikhail Zharov. Amapindula mokwanira pa maudindo "Youth Yathu" ndi "Mphepo Yamkuntho."

Mu 1926-1927 zaka. Pavel Wolf ndi Faina Ranevskaya anachita ku Homel koyamba, ndiye ku Smolensk. Kuchita kwawo kunatsitsimutsa masewerowa pogwiritsa ntchito ntchito ya K. A. Tenev "Chikondi Yarovaya." Ndiye Faina Georgievna anasintha malo ena awiri owonetsera: Arkhangelsk ndi Stalingrad. Panthawiyi, mothandizidwa ndi mkulu wa bungwe la Boris Piasetsky, Ranevskaya mwiniwakeyo anayamba kudzipangira maudindo. Anapeza fungulo la luso lake. "Ndikufuna kuti muzisewera!" - adamuuza mtsikanayo. Ndi momwe adasewera mu "Lamulo la Ulemerero", "Mphepo yamkuntho".

Theatre Theatre, Central Theatre ya Soviet Army

Kenako, atayenda pafupifupi Soviet Union yonse, Faina Georgievna anabwerera ku Moscow. Zoona, kwa nyengo zina ziwiri: mu 1930 ndi 1931. Pavel Wolf ndi Ranevskaya amapita ku Baku. Woyamba anaitanidwa ku ntchito yophunzitsa, yachiwiri - ku Theatre of Working Youth. Mkulu Savchenko chifukwa cha masomphenya ake owona za mzimu weniweni wa akatswiri ojambulawo anachita chidwi. Iye sanalibenso msungwana ameneyu yemwe ankabwera kukaphunzira luso la masewero.

Faina Ranevskaya okhudza akazi, mwinamwake, ankanena zachipongwe zambiri kuposa anyamata osewera. Pakati pa zisudzo za zisudzo panali mpikisano waukulu. Osati nthawi zonse moona mtima, nthawi zina kuvulaza luso. Komabe, chifukwa cha malingaliro opanga malingaliro, Ranevskaya angangotulutsa mawu kumadzi oyera, kusonyeza yemwe ali ndani. Zizindikiro zake ndi zakuya komanso zoganizira:

• Kusakaniza kwa belu la munda ndi rattlesnake ;
• Ndife omwe timakhala mabwenzi, atsikana (atauzidwa kuti mafilimu amatsutsana pamasewero);
• Iye alibe nkhope, koma ziboda.

Anakopeka kwambiri ndi Moscow Art Theatre. Komabe, anayamba kugonjetsa Moscow kuchokera ku Chamber Theatre motsogoleredwa ndi Alexander Tairov. Nthawi ino siidapite pachabe. Malinga ndi filosofi ya maestro yakuti chowonadi cha zojambula kawirikawiri sichigwirizana ndi choonadi cha moyo chinapangitsa Ranevskaya kusewera mwanjira yakuti owonawo amalingalira kuti chiwembucho ndi gawo la moyo wawo weniweni. Udindo wa Zinka mu "Pathetic Sonata" Kulish anapanga masewera a zisudzo (Mwachitsanzo, Pulofesa GITIS Golubovsky) akunena za iye ngati nyenyezi ya kukula kwake koyamba.

Ku Central Theatre ya Soviet Army, wojambula Faina Ranevskaya anakumana ndi mtsogoleri wamkulu, yemwe amamukana kuti asamvetse bwino komanso amene anagwira ntchito kwa zaka zambiri. Ndi za Yuri Alexandrovich Zavadsky. "Chabwino, kodi Faina anandiimbira chiani tsopano?" Anafunsidwa Zavadsky, monyenga ndi kudzichepetsa. Zoonadi, Ranevskaya sanatchulepo mawuwa, apa ndi ochepa chabe:

• Gertrude (woyang'anira ankavala mutu wa Hero wa Laborist Labor);
• Mphungu (anali wamaliseche);
• Lilliput, ataliatali kwambiri (chifukwa cha kukula kwakukulu).

Ndipo Zavadsky ankakonda kwambiri, ananyenga amzanga ambiri Ranevskaya: Marina Tsvetaeva, mwana wamkazi wa Pavla Wolf. Inde, panali zifukwa zabwino zotsutsa.

Komabe, poyankhula momveka bwino, Ranevskaya ayenera kuyamikira Zavadsky chifukwa chakuti wapulumutsadi onse opanga masewerawo, atakwanitsa mu 1936 kusamutsa masewera ku Rostov. Pamodzi ndi Ranevskaya panali Vera Maretskaya, Vyacheslav Plyatt, Pavel Wolf, Nikolai Mordvinov.

Pa tsiku lolira pambuyo pa imfa ya Maxim Gorky Ranevskaya, kunali koyamba komanso mosangalala kuti azisewera ndi Vassa Zheleznova (gawolo linali pansi pa nsalu kwa zaka 25). Maseŵera ake ndiye anagwedeza masewera onse Moscow. Zikuoneka ngati maloto akukwaniritsidwa: adadikirira pempho la mkulu wa Sudakov ku Maly Theatre. Komabe, boma la Soviet silinavomereze kayendetsedwe ka antchito pazochita zawo. Anatsogolera Popov (Zavadsky adamupatsa udindo) adamuyamikira kwambiri. Malingaliro awo anali a Soviet kwambiri: "Lero ndinu" flyer ", ndipo mawa - mdani wa anthu!" Komabe, Ranevskaya akadalibe! Ndi chinyengo, amasiyidwa opanda pogona. Paul Wolf adamuwombola kachiwiri, kudzibisa.

Chizunzo cha maulendo. Thawirani ku cinema

Wojambulayo anasiyidwa popanda malo owonetsera. Kupyolera mwa kuyesetsa kwa olemba ndi ochita chidwi, sanathe kukwera pa sitepe ya Maly Theatre, kumene Georgian ndi Gogolev, Vladislavsky ndi Golovin anali kuwala. Apanso anapempha, adagulitsa zinthu zake ... A nthabwala, maulendo a Faina Ranevskaya a nthawi imeneyo amasiyana ndi kuthamangitsidwa. Iwo amatsutsa kwenikweni. Mwachitsanzo, ichi, mu chithunzi chili pansipa.

Faina Ranevskaya anabwera ku cinema. Anamuitana ndi mkulu Michael Romm ku ntchito ya Akazi a Loiseau mu filimu yamkati "Pyschka" yochokera pa ntchito ya Maupassant. Wochita masewerawa ankalemekeza kwambiri luso labwino, choncho adawerenga bukuli poyambirira komanso pazinthu zolembedwa mu French. Romain Rolland, yemwe adawona izi, anali wokondwa kwambiri. Bungweli likuyembekezera kuti zinthu ziziwayendera bwino m'dzikoli, a ku France anagula ngakhale filimuyo. Mkazi wachikondi, Akazi a Loiseau, anaphimba chikhalidwe chachikulu cha Pyschka! Komabe, Galina Sergeeva, yemwe ankaseŵera Pyshka, anakhala wojambula kwambiri wa Russia.

Kenaka Faina Georgievna anali ndi udindo woimira wansembe mu filimuyo "The Duma pafupi ndi Cossack Golota" yolembedwa ndi Savchenko. Ranevskaya anapatsidwa ufulu pomanga fano la wansembe yemwe analibe ntchito yoyambirira. Nchiyani chinachitika? Zinasangalatsa kwambiri. Anthu ogwira ntchito mafilimuwo anagwedeza kumimba zawo. Chochitikacho chinakhala chokongoletsa filimuyi.

Anthu amakonda

Komabe, udindo wa Madame Skorokhod mu filimuyo "The Founding" (1939) adabweretsa mbiri yake, yomwe adadana nayo chifukwa adayipitsa moyo wake. Cliché "Mulia, usadandaule ine" anabwerezedwa ngakhale ndi Leonid Brezhnev, kumupatsa iye Lamulo la Lenin. Anawo akamutsatira iye pamsewu, akufuula mawuwa, adatembenukira kwa iwo m'njira yokongola ndipo adanena kuti: "PeonyEry, pitani ku ZH .." (mawuwa adatchuka kwambiri).

Chifukwa chiyani Ranevskaya ankatha kusewera mwakuya? Mwina, Irakly Andronnikov mbali ina anayankha izi, akutsimikizira kuti iye anatha kusonyeza mu udindo osati "umunthu" wokha, komanso "malingaliro ake payekha." Anapatsidwa chitsimikizo chachikulu cha momwe angakulitsire ndikupanga mapangidwe a wolembayo. Mu moyo - wodekha, wosasokonezeka, nthawi zonse kukayikira, Faina Georgievna amawonera bwino akazi a mphamvu, osayamika, osasamala, achinyengo.

Ntchito m'mafilimu

Mu 1942, adayang'ana mu filimuyi "Alexander Parkhomenko, akuyimba mwapadera ma tapershu: mwachizolowezi cha Vera the Cold, gnawing monpasier ndi phokoso la kusuta. Mu 1943 Ranevskaya anabwerera ku Moscow. Kumeneko akugwira ntchito zambiri mu Theatre Drama: kuyambira ndi agogo a Oleg Koshevoy, atatha ndi mkazi wa Pulofesa Losev.

Panthawiyi, ochita zisudzo zazikulu, osowa ntchito, adabwerera mofulumira kuchoka kumalo othawa. Faina Georgievna adaphedwa mu mafilimu "Man in Case" ndi "Ukwati" (1943), "The Heavenly Slug" (1945), "Njovu ndi Mtsikana" (1946), "Cholakwika cha Engineer's Cochin", "Cinderella", "Spring" (1947). ). Pa nthawi ya "Spring" amakumana ndi Chikondi cha Orlov, chomwe chinayamikira kwambiri masewera ake.

Mkulu wa filimuyo "Cinderella" Eugene Schwartz analola Ranevskaya, kuti akondweretse, kuti asinthe udindo wa mayi woyembekezera monga momwe akufunira. Ndipo adathandizira kuti izi zidziwike bwino: "kuthamanga kwabasi", komwe kumachokera pa "intaneti ya anthu abwino," komanso "mfumu yonyansidwa".

Mu filimuyo, adakali wamng'ono kwambiri, wojambula wotchuka wotchuka, yemwe ali ndi zaka 38. Cholinga chake chokha mu filimuyo "Dream" ndi yosakumbukika kwa omvera kuti sanamulole kuti apite mumsewu, ndikumuuza mwachidwi kuti: "Mulia, musandipangitse mantha!" Aphorisms Ranevskaya amabwereranso ndi mawu opanda tanthawuzo, omwe ali ofanana ndi munthu wotchuka.

Ambiri odziwa zamaluso ake amadabwa, chifukwa chiyani ali ndi ntchito zochepa chabe? Iye mwini anayankha yankho ili ndi mawu amfupi, opukutidwa: "Kulira mu filimu yoipa kumatanthawuza kulavulira muyaya!"

Kusamvana: wojambula Ranevskaya ndi mkulu wa Zavadsky

Mu 1949 mkulu wa Zavadsky anaitana faina Ranevskaya ku malo ake owonetsera. Owonererawo anapita "ku Ranevskaya". Maudindo ake anali okongoletsedwa ndi zochitika "Zosachita Zabwino" ndi "Storm". Koma tsiku lina Zavadsky adataya mchitidwe wake wa "Storm" pofuna kukondweretsa masewerawo, mkazi wake wakale Vera Maretskaya. Inde, Faina Georgievna anakhumudwa. Iye anakhala ku Moscow Art Theatre kunalibe mtambo. Si chinsinsi chimene faina Georgievna anamva ndikumvetsa kuti ndi chonyenga komanso chamagulu ambiri kusiyana ndi munthu amene anachilamulira, mkulu wa Moscow Art Academic Theatre, Zavadsky. Mawu awo omveka, omwe anachitika zaka zambiri, anali ngati kuwombera ng'ombe. Chifukwa chake chikuwoneka bwino: mkuluyo sanafune kuzindikira zapadera za Faina Georgievna, ndipo sakanatha "kuchepetsa". Zili choncho, bukhu la Faina Ranevskaya la apririsms limaphatikizapo ngale zake:

Anayendetsa masewerawa (Pushkin, Moscow City Council, Red Army, Maly Theatre, Theatre Drama). Iye anachita mizinda yambiri ya USSR. Komabe, adabwerera ku Mossovet Theatre, komwe adagwira ntchito mpaka atagwira ntchito (zaka 86), pomwe mnzakeyo anali Rostislav Plyatt.

Pazaka khumi zapitazi, Ranevskaya anakumana ndi zochitika zoterezi monga kutanthauzira momasuka kwa akatswiri ojambula mafilimu ndi ochita masewera ophunzira. Mwachidziŵikire anafotokoza kuipa kwa njira imeneyi ndi kutchedwa kuti nkhanza, pamene, mwachitsanzo, zolembedwa za ntchito yomweyo za Ostrovsky zinasokonezedwa pa siteji.

Wojambula-wafilosofi

Kuphatikiza pa kuchita talente, adapatsidwa mulungu ndi taluso ina, nzeru - kulingalira mophiphiritsa ndikupanga lingaliro. Malemba ndi aphorisms Faina Ranevskaya nthawi zina amanyenga, koma zolondola ndi zodabwitsa. Mwa kutsimikiza kwake, Zabwino ziyenera kukhala zogwira ntchito, ndipo Choonadi - chinanenedwa mwachindunji. Mawu ake anabadwa mosiyana, ndipo ambiri mwa iwo adakhala otchuka ndi anthu. Kawirikawiri nthawi yomweyo, nthawi yomweyo komanso molondola pa zochitika pamoyo zomwe zinayambitsa. Uwu wake anali wosabereka, zinali ngati reflex (akatswiri amakono amaganiza kuti IQ amatsanzira kwambiri).

Faina Georgievna mwachikhalidwe sankalola kuvomereza, ndipo nthawizonse ndi wotseguka wotseguka anayankha ndi mphamvu zamphamvu zokhudzana ndi chibwibwi kapena ubweya mu adiresi yake. Pokhala wojambula, adali ndi khalidwe limodzi, limene aliyense anakakamizidwa kuwerengera: kutembenuza gawo lothandizira kukhala luso lapadera. Choncho, adatsogolera omwe mwachinsinsi ankafuna kumuletsa pa siteji, chifukwa cha masewerawa, adakakamizidwa kuti apereke maudindo ake. Pambuyo pake, omvetsera anapita ku zisudzo chifukwa cha Faina! Iye yekha ndiye anatha kusintha malo onsewo. Pali milandu pamene, muchitetezo chosatha chomwe wochita maseŵera anamaliza kusewera pachigawo chake, anthu, poyang'ana masewera a wotchuka kwambiri, amangoyimirira ndi kusiya.

Kusungulumwa

Ranevskaya's aphorisms za moyo ndimadandaula ambiri. Ndipo ndi chiyaninso chomwe chingakhale? Tsoka linamusiya yekha, wopanda achibale. Iye sanakwatire konse, analibe ana. Kotero, iye anamanga tsogolo lake lomwe, mosiyana mosiyana ndi wina aliyense. Faina Ranevskaya anali waufupi, pamene iye anali kulankhula za iye yekha. Komabe, zimadziwika kuti sakonda anthu. Kuonekera mobwerezabwereza mukumva kwake ndi ubwana wake kwa anyamata kapena atsikana kumayesedwa ndi nkhanza ndi kusadziletsa. Nthawi yoyamba mwana wa sukuluyo amamuitana iye ndi bwenzi lake lenileni pamsonkhano, Faina, akulira, anangowauza kuti: "Mulungu adzalanga!"

Akugwira ntchito mu zisudzo "Mono", adakondana ndi wotsogolera. Iye mwiniyo anakonza msonkhano kunyumba kwake. Komabe, adawonekera kumeneko ataledzera ndi mkazi woyenda. Pambuyo panthawiyi, Faina anafotokoza mwachidule ubale wake ndi amuna.

Kodi adayamba bwanji kukhala ndi zibwenzi ndi anzake mu dipatimenti yowonera? Mwamtheradi m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Komabe, nthawi zonse anakhalabe wokoma mtima. Ranevskaya's aphorisms za amuna amadziwika kuti amawawotcha chifukwa cha chisankho chawo chosasankha komanso chosasankhidwa. Olemba mbiri-akatswiri odziwika bwino amatchula mayina a akazi omwe ali pafupi naye: Pavel Wolf ndi Anna Akhmatova.

Komabe, malinga ndi olemba mbiri, amalumikizana ndi amuna komanso ngakhale mimba ya Ranevskaya anali, koma adawaphwanya, kusintha kwa moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku wa Theatre. Kotero adakalamba: osatenthedwa ndi zidzukulu, osasangalala ndi kufika kwa ana.

Imfa yomwe inagwedeza dziko

Pambuyo pa imfa ya mabwenzi ake apamtima - Pavlya Wolf ndi Anna Akhmatova - Faina Ranevskaya anakhala moyo woopsa kwambiri, chomaliza cha zovuta, kumene chachikulu chojambula chinali iye.

Pa khoma la chipinda chake chomwe ankakonda, kuphatikizapo phunziro ndi chipinda chokhalamo, panali zithunzi za anzake ndi anthu olemekezeka: Maya Plisetskaya, Maria Babanova, Anna Akhmatova, Vladimir Mayakovsky.

Pamene adakali kuyenda, anatenga nyamayi yokhala ndi theka ndikumubisa m'nyumba yake. Panali chimwemwe china: buku la ndakatulo wokondedwa kwambiri - Pushkin. Chowopsya, chosowa choopsya.

Tsiku lina mayi wina akuyang'anira mtsikana wina wa zaka 86, atalowa m'nyumbamo, adamupeza ali wakufa, ndipo pafupi ndi iyo galu anadandaula chifukwa cha chisoni.

Kutsiliza

Faina Georgievna Ranevskaya mwiniwakeyo anadandaula kuti anazindikira mu ntchito ya chinachake chabe 1% mwa 100% zotheka. Muzojambula iye anali wamtheradi kwambiri, monga momwe akuwonetseredwa ndi machitidwe ake. Mkazi wa Ranevskaya anali ndi khalidwe lotere losangokhalira kusangalala ndi momwe iyeyo amachitira ntchito. Mwina, chifukwa chake, kutanthawuzira kwake kwakutanthauzira kwa gawoli kunali kokwanira katatu monga momwe mtsogoleri wakhalira. Mwamwayi, nthawi zambiri omalizawa, pokhala ndi mphamvu za bungwe, anali achisoni ndi wojambula yekhayo, ndikumutsutsa udindo wake kuti awoneke. Zolemba ndi aphorisms za Faina Ranevskaya zikuchitira umboni za mphamvu ya wochita masewero osiyana omwe sanaike pa siteji ...