Alfred Hitchcock: yonena, filmography, mafilimu bwino

Sir Alfred Hitchcock - British ndi American mastodon filimu ayendetsa, wotsogolera, screenwriter ndipo sewerolo. Iye sanali ndi analogue filimu ntchito "The Lady zidzathawa", "The 39 Mapazi," "mthunzi wa kukaikira ndi," "Rebecca," "Vertigo," "kumbuyo Tsamba," "Mbalame" ndi wapamwamba kuposa aliyense "Psycho" akupitirizabe anasintha polemba chinenero cha yonthunthumilitsa. Maestro ngati puppeteer kulamulira ulusi omvera mtima, iye walenga wapadera kamangidwe kalembedwe, imene dzina lake dziko kinoobschestvennostyu mwini suspense. Atachoka analenga Kubwereka lotanthauzira mawu otsutsa mwamphamvu mizu akuti "Hitchcock".

Kuchuluka kwa otsatira

Pachikhalidwe mantha oyambirira ndi m'ma makumi awiri, zimabweretsa chipangizo, wowerenga chi yekha kumwetulira kudzichepetsa. Mosiyana zojambula bolshinstvaetih, ntchito ya Hitchcock ndipo adakali wabwino kwambiri ndi ntchito yawo yomweyo, kusunga m'mlengalenga yomangika mu holo ya amaonetsa pamene kuonera kukana kuti munthu pazipita misempha kuonera.

Alfred Hitchcock mafilimu amene anaona ambiri otchuka otsogolera chi monga Uilyam Fridkin, David O. Russell, Quentin Tarantino, Maykl Mann ndi Guillermo del Toro, motsogoleredwa mapangidwe masitaelo kulenga za mibadwo ya Opanga filimuyi. Komanso, anachititsa chitukuko cha amaziona m'mafilimu ambiri. Ntchito Hitchcock anafuna kuti mupewe matalente yowala Dream Factory: Grays lake Kelli, Ingrid Bergman, Dzheyms Styuart, Anthony Perkins, Shon Konneri , ndi ena ambiri.

Chifukwa cha njira kulenga

Pa wotsogolera analenga ntchito akamaliza wakhala kupereka American Film Institute ndipo knighted ndi Mfumukazi Elizabeth II. 55 zonse kutalika mafilimu amene akhala zapamwamba za makampani filimu dziko, ndi cholowa chamtengo wapatali chimene anasiya Alfred Hitchcock. Filmographie Mfumu chodabwitsa 21 mulinso yanthaŵi wa mndandanda TV "A. Hitchcock Apereka "2 yosatha ntchito, ndi mafilimu awiri zopelekedwa kuti anawomberedwa mu 1944.

Atate wa makono yonthunthumilitsa Hitchcock otchedwa mwangozi, pamene oonetsa mafilimu, amaonetsa ambiri mofulumira kusiya holo, anthu ngakhale kukomoka. Iwo wakhala wodziwika zochitika za kuukira mu mtima a "Psycho" ndi pabwino monga mmodzi wa zithunzi ambiri zoopsazi mu kanema. Amenewa akhoza zimatheka kokha Alfred Hichkok.

Wambiri. ubwana

Woyambitsa tsogolo a mtundu wanyimbo anabadwa mu mzinda wa likulu la Great Britain mu mwezi watha chilimwe 1899. Makolo, kukhala mbali odzipereka a Chikatolika, anatumiza mwana wake kuphunzira pa koleji wachikatolika. Ofufuza yonena za maestro limene nthawi ya chikoka champhamvu pa mapangidwe ake mmene dziko ndi maganizo a dziko.

Alfred Hitchcock mwana zowawa mantha wina. Kamodzi iye oyambirira amadzinenera asamvere Atate ake. Iye adayitana kulondera apolisi ndipo anafunsa yophunzitsa mwana wosasamala. Apolisi mnyamata kupolisi kwa nyengo yaifupi zokhoma mu chipinda chayekha. Zokumana mkhalidwe mantha wasiya chizindikiro chake pa psyche wa mwana: wachikulire, iye anali kuopa akuluakulu yazamalamulo ndi lamulo. Mu nkhani ya zojambula payekha bwino kunachokera otchulidwa cholinga mantha pamaso pa choneneza osalungama.

achinyamata

Nakhala mu nthawi ya phunziro ku koleji - chilango lotsatira, kuponderezana ndi mwamantha - Alfred Hitchcock kulandiridwa mu 1914 ku sukulu ya Engineering, amene amapereka mmalo kuphunzira navigation, zomangamanga, ndipo okonza ndi zowulutsira. Mu yomweyi, anakapezeka nkhani za luso. Pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, tsogolo la kutsogolera kuwala anayesa kuti ndikhale ongodzipereka Komabe, iye analembetsa malo chifukwa cha kunenepa awo.

Hitchcock anayamba ntchito yake mu dipatimenti malonda a kampani kwa kupanga zingwe za magetsi. Tsiku lina adalandira kuti muyezo kupanga zithunzi TB. Chief Alfred akuyembekezera anadabwa kusangalala: pa yomalizidwa zithunzi ochiritsira magetsi chingwe polima Hitchcock kupha chida. Kuona muyezo njira wamng'ono, bwana analimbikitsa katswiri wantchito kuyesa dzanja lake pa situdiyo. Choncho, mwadzidzidzi, mkulu tsogolo limalowera mu mafilimu.

masitepe loyamba

Poyamba, Alfred Hitchcock, amene chithunzi tsopano imakongoletsa modutsa wa situdiyo, wakhala ganyu zamagetsi. Kenako anapatsidwa kulemba Kuyamikira m'mafilimu itatha. Anasankha dala mu mlengalenga kulenga, dziko zamatsenga za mafilimu a kanema, Alfred posakhalitsa anayamba kulemba zolembedwa mafilimu ndipo anapambana mpando wotsogolera wothandizira. wotsogolera Bakuman ndi filimu "Munda wa amasangalala" imene Hitchcock anajambula mu 1925. Komabe, chidwi kinoobschestvennosti anatha kupambana chaka kenako, kupenta "The Mountain Eagle", anajambula mu kalembedwe ofufuza tingachipeze powerenga. Kuyambira woyamba mafilimu phokoso wolemba Opanga filimuyi kugunda kalembedwe kulenga ndi kalembedwe la wolemba, amene anasonyeza Alfred Hitchcock. Movies "Kuitana Elstree", "akuyendeni pansi", "Kupha" anali ntchito yoyamba imene anagwiritsa phwando yake yolenga mtsogolo anakonza mawu akuti "suspense".

Wa zithunzi loyamba Hitchcock ndi bwino kwambiri ankamuona ngati "The Lady zidzathawa" ndi "The 39 Mapazi", omwe anakhala malonda bwino ndi manja aŵiri otsutsa filimu. Woyamba mafilimu awa anali kupereka ku New York Film otsutsa munalidi gulu, ndi mkulu mlingo chinachititsa amalandira polenga katswiri wina.

"American" nthawi

Pambuyo kuzindikira lonse la Alfred Hitchcock anapatsidwa mwayi namuyesa kuwona pamene sewerolo David O. Selznick kusamukira ku Hollywood. The woyamba Hollywood filimu "Rebecca" ndi wotsogolera limapindula pa ofesi bokosi ndipo analandira aziti iyeyu n'ngwabwino "Oscar". Kuvomerezeka zimathandiza alimi choreographer Musatenge madongosolo ndi kutenga chimene inu mukufuna. Mu Hollywood, anawamasulira pafupifupi chaka filimu pakati pawo - mafilimu kumveka ofufuza, thrillers ndi maganizo chithunzi. Pafupifupi onse Mitundu iye anayesetsa Alfred Hitchcock. Filmography (mafilimu lalifupi kuphatikizapo) wotsogolera ali mafilimu ndi zolephera losadziwika. Mwachitsanzo, "Opani powonekera", kenako kinoobschestvennost mopupuluma anaganiza kuti wotsogolera wotopa.

pachimake pa zilandiridwenso

zaka 50-60 zaka mazana makumi awiri amaonedwa pachimake pa zilandiridwenso Hitchcock. Nthawi imeneyi, pakubwezeretsa mu filimu "Vertigo," "kumbuyo Tsamba" ndi "North ndi chakumadzulo", omwe anakhala kalembedwe muyezo Hitchcockian mlembi.

Komabe, kupenta zofunika kwambiri mu ntchito ya Hitchcock ankaona kanema "Psycho" - choopsa, wotchuka, sasiya kugwirizana ndi luso akhalabe wapadera ngakhale kuti anayesera mobwerezabwereza kusewera kupambana wake. Mufilimuyi wowopsa suspense anabweretsa malire malire, mzere chabwino, umene - kusiyana misala. Iwo amanoledwa ku ungwiro zipangizo cinematic onse, njira akuti luso, kuyambira unsembe kwa chosaneneka wopondereza nyimbo limodzi Bernard Horrmanna ndi malangizo nzeru, zomwe kwakukuru anayambitsa Alfred Hichkok.

Filmography (mafilimu bwino), ndi Albucasis zikuphatikizapo wina wa ntchito yosangalatsa filimu lotchedwa "The Mbalame". Mbalame mu filimu lililonse ndi zophiphiritsira chabe Hitchcock m'njira zovuta kuzimvetsa zoipa inexorable thanthwe kuthamangitsa atchulidwa. chithunzi Zimenezi zimapereka inanso chitsimikizo chakuti Hitchcock anaphunzira maphunziro ake oyambirira pa koleji Akatolika, anali Puritani, kulemekeza malamulo Mkhristu.

Pa mapeto a msewu

Pambuyo chipambane "Mbalame" Alfred Hichkok anajambula mafilimu angapo koma iwo alibe bwino yaikulu. Ntchito lotsiriza la maestro ankaona kupenta "chiwembu Banja", linatuluka mu lendi mu 1976. Malinga ndi mphekesera, ndiye Hitchcock chabe anabalalitsa lonse ogwira ndodo, anatseka Kuthi ndi kumanzere.

Hitchcock anali ndi chizolowezi mu filimu wake ntchito mu cameo, zimene zikusonyeza mu chimango mu mawonekedwe kuonelela msewu kapena odutsa apa. Kumapeto kwa njira kulenga wotsogolera mwadala analenga mlengalenga lachinsinsi momuzungulira, ozungulira moyo wake ndi aura chinsinsi.

moyo wake wonse, Hitchcock zinali choncho kokha mkazi - mkazi wake Alma Revil, amene wakhala atithandize kwa mwamuna wake. Atamwalira, wotsogolera sakanakhoza achire, chidakwa. chodabwitsa mfumuyo inafa mu 1980, m'mene anafika zaka 80. mtembo wake unachita kutenthedwa ndi phulusa, monga mwa chifuniro chake, anamwazikana expanses zedi ndi Pacific Ocean.