Anthu ojambula wa USSR. Ojambula anthu a USSR, tsopano

Kulengedwa kuchokera wofiira mkuwa, golide-yokutidwa chapachifuwa lalikulu chizindikiro cha "Mmisiri Anthu a USSR" ndi amaitcha kuti luso lapadera. Mu 1936 udindo koyamba amaitcha kuti ojambula 14. Mpaka 1991, izo chimodzi cha mphoto zofunika kwambiri zilandiridwenso natumikira monga chitsimikizo cha boma cha chikondi cha anthu.

mutu aulemu

Kuyambira mu 1919, anthu ogwira ntchito kwambiri luso chikhalidwe anapatsidwa udindo "Mmisiri Anthu a Republic." Mwa oyambirira iye ali oimba L. Sobinov, F. I. Shalyapin ndi kupeka A. K. Glazunov. Kuti chithunzicho anakhala "otchuka", iye anali chopereka wapadera pa mbali zotsatirazi: music, kokaonera mafilimu, zisudzo, TV, masewera aja, wailesi. Udindo umenewu ovomerezeka Komiti ya Executive Central. Udindo wa udindo aulemu munali zinthu zotsatirazi:

1. Iwo amagwira ntchito oimira luso, ntchito zomwe ndi zaphindu chitukuko cha chikhalidwe.
2. mndandanda Prize wavomerezedwa ndi unduna wa Culture wa USSR State Committee kwa Cinematography, wailesi ndi televizioni, gulu la Union of Cinematographers ndi Union of analemba.
3. Ovomerezedwa ndi ojambula Anthu a USSR kulandira baji, satifiketi ndi chiphatso.
4. khalidwe chosiyana ayenera ankavala kumanja a chifuwa.

Onse a udindo aulemu mu nthawi kuchokera 1936 mpaka 1991, anthu 1.010 anapatsidwa.

timasangalala

Potumiza dongosolo zikutipatsa mafunso ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, bwanji osapeza mutu Leonid Kuravlev, Andrei Mironov, wolemba Sergei Prokofiev? Ambiri ogwira amisiri wa USSR anapatsidwa udindo yekha mu ukalamba. Mwachitsanzo, Ivan Ivanov-Vano, Stanislav Lyudkevych. Ena otchuka akhala ndi moyo mpaka mutu wa tsiku pristvoeniya (Rina Zelenaya, Mark Bernes). Ambiri atsikana amene analandira udindo wa "Mmisiri Anthu a USSR", anali woimba Halima Nasyrova ndi Kuliash Baiseitova. Iwo anali kwa zaka 24. Wamng'ono mutu chofukizira pakati pa anthu anakhala Muslim Magomayev. Iye pa nthawi yobereka anali 31.

List of ojambula Anthu a USSR 30 ntchentche

Pa nthawi imeneyi, mphoto analandira anthu khumi ndi zinayi. Ena mwa iwo anali otsogolera PK Saksagansky ndi AA Vasadze, zisudzo EP-Alexander Korchagin ndi A. A. Horava oimba M. Litvinenko-Wohlgemuth ndi K. J. Baiseitova. Chithunzi Choyamba Anthu a USSR - wotsogolera K. S. Stanislavsky. Pamodzi ndi iye anadalitsidwa ndi VI Nemirovich-Danchenko, wosewera IM Moskvin, woimba A. V. Nezhdanova.

Mu 1936 anakhala wosewera dziko V. I. Kachalov. Iye anali mmodzi wa ochita ŵa wa Moscow Art Theatre, ankaimba maudindo 55. Polemekeza Vasily Ivanovich anawatcha Kazan Drama Theatre. wosewera anali kupereka wa Stalin Prize la mlingo woyamba, iye anali malamulo ndi mendulo.

Mu 1937 iye anapatsidwa udindo aulemu a Ammayi alle Konstantinovne Tarasovoy. Ndi chifukwa ntchito yake kupereka wa Stalin Prize asanu, atatu malamulo a Lenin ndi mendulo. Alla mpaka mapeto a masiku unali kugwira ntchito ndi anachita zisudzo, anaphunzitsa kuchita. Kuyambira 1951 anali mkulu wa Moscow Art Theatre, ndipo nayenso anayamba Bungwe la Akulu a bwalo lamasewera. Mu nthawi kuchokera 1952 mpaka 1960 anali membala wa Asilikali onyamula zida za USSR 3-5 convocations.

Konstantin Sergeevich Stanislavsky

wotsogolera anabadwa mu 1863 mu Moscow. Stanislavski anali wosewera luso ndi mphunzitsi. Iye analenga dongosolo wotchuka kuti ntchito lero. Mu chaka cha 1898 K. S. Stanislavsky wophatikizidwa ndi VI Nemirovich-Danchenko anayambitsa Moscow Art Theatre. Pa moyo wake, wosewera analandira udindo wa "Mmisiri Anthu a USSR," ndi Order aulemu. Konstantin Sergeevich Stanislavsky anali St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences ndipo kenako USSR Academy of Sciences.

Pakati pa 1940 ndi 1949

Folk ojambula zithunzi panthawiyo anali ngati kanjedza wotchuka ngati wochititsa AM Pazovsky Ammayi ED Turchaninova woimba Z. M. Gayday, motsogoleredwa ndi M. I. Tsarev, ndi ena ambiri. Otsiriza a iwo mu 1942, anakhala wojambula wolemekezeka kwambiri mwa RSFSR, mu 1949 - national. Kuyambira mu 1973, M. I. Tsarev ndi Hero wa Socialist Labor. Komanso, iye anali kupereka wa Stalin Prize la mlingo wachiwiri, ndi USSR State Prize (1969), ndipo mu 1977 - Prize wa RSFSR Stanislavsky. Great wotsogolera ndi wosewera aluso anali mphoto ambiri aulemu.

Mu 1945 iye analandira udindo wa Chithunzi of imodzi yokha - Abrar Khidoyatov. wosewera anali wokhoza kusonyeza zithunzi zosiyanasiyana Russian, Chiuzibeki ndi European. Zinali wojambula modabwitsa amene mwangwiro katswiri luso monologue lapansi. State Drama Bwalo la Tashkent, dzina lake polemekeza wosewera luso.

Ojambula anthu a 50s wa XX atumwi

Nthawi imeneyi, mutu wa "Mmisiri Anthu a USSR" muli anthu 138. Pakati pawo, Lyubov Petrovna Orlova, amene anali kupereka mu 1950. Aluso Ammayi nyenyezi mu filimu, anachita zisudzo, iye anaimba zokongola. Iye kawiri kupereka wa Stalin Prize la mlingo woyamba, olimba mtima ndi kudzipereka anali kupereka angapo mendulo. L. P. Orlova ndi wopambana wa mphoto kwa Best Ammayi pa VIII Mayiko Film Chikondwerero ku Venice nyama mu filimu "Spring", komanso Prize Mtendere filimu "Msonkhano pa Elbe". Ammayi anali kupereka ndi Diploma ya Komiti Mtendere Soviet.

Mu 1959 iye analandira udindo wa anthu kutsogolera Ammayi Almaty Russian Drama Theatre dzina la M. Yu Lermontova -. Valentina Borisovna Harlamova. Ndinatuluka moyo 130 zithunzi. Pa nkhondo ndi gululo wachita m'zipatala ndi mayunitsi nkhondo. Valentina B. anali kupereka malangizo, mendulo yaulemu ndi satifiketi.

Opindula 60

Nthawi imeneyi, inali kuperekedwa kwa mphoto ya anthu 185. Director ndi mphunzitsi N. P. Akimov anakhala wojambula wowerengeka mu 1960. Pamodzi ndi iye anadalitsidwa zisudzo V. A. Orlov, AO Stepanova Na Annenkov. Chaka chotsatira, mndandanda wa mayina wowerengeka ojambula zithunzi anawonjezera Faina Ranevskaya, Sviatoslav Richter, Tatyana Ustinova, Boris Pokrovsky ndi ena. Mu 1969 iye analandira udindo aluso 25. Mwa iwo anali choreographer Rostislav Zakharov, Ammayi Vija Artmane, wovina Nina Timofeeva, chisudzo Mikhail Rumyantsev ndi Oleg Popov, ndi ena ambiri ojambula zithunzi luso.

Komabe nthabwala zogwirizana chidwi Ammayi Fainy Georgievny Ranevskoy. A ambiri maudindo pazochitika mu zisudzo Mossovet. Ammayi anali analemekeza wojambula wa USSR, nthawi zambiri kupereka mendulo aulemu, iye kangapo kupereka wa Stalin Prize. British insaikulopediya "Ndani amene" anatembenukira FG Ranevskaya pamwamba actresses khumi chapadera cha m'ma XX.

A wosewera odziwika a 60s anali Arkadiy Isaakovich Raykin. Wosewera osiyana wapadera nthabwala ndi luso yomweyo asinthe fano lililonse. Kumayambiriro 40 ntchentche Arkadiy anakhala luso mkulu wa Leningrad Zosiyanasiyana Theatre. Nkhondo itatha, wosewera wa nyenyezi mafilimu angapo ndipo adalenga mapulogalamu zisudzo zosiyanasiyana. Mu 1982, gululo wa Leningrad Theatre mutu wake anasamukira ku Moscow ndipo posakhalitsa anadzatchedwa "Satyricon." Arkadiy kwa ntchito yake mphoto zambiri. Choncho, mu 1939 anakhala wopambana wa Choyamba Onse-Union Mpikisano asangalatsi.

Opindula nthawi kuchokera 1970 mpaka 1979

Panthawi imeneyi, mutu anali kupereka 239 anthu aluso. Pakati pawo - wolemba A. Novikov, Yu J. Lingis choreographer, wosewera K. Ird. Mu 1979, mutu anali kupereka kwa ogwira 25 la chisunzo. akuwauza ake ali Ya. A. Voschak Ln Venediktov, maseŵeralo yoimba VA Volzhansky zisudzo PP Kadochnikov, Yu. V. Nikulin, SN Plotnikov ndi ena.

Mu 1973 iye analandira udindo aulemu a woimba Muslim Magometovich Magomaev. ntchito yake yoyamba zinachitika mu Baku, ndipo mu 1962 ankamukonda Chikondwerero World of Youth and Ophunzira unachitikira ku Helsinki. Patapita chaka anapanga payekha wake woyamba konsati pa Tchaikovsky Concert Hall. Mu '31 Muslim Magomayev anali kupereka udindo "Mmisiri Anthu a USSR." Luso, lowala, ndi zapadera wachikoka woimba anagonjetsa Union lonse. Kufikira tsopano, mafani wake akupita ku madzulo pokumbukira Muslim Magomayev.

A wosewera luso, Mmisiri Anthu a USSR Oleg Nikolaevich Efremov anali kupereka udindo mu 1976. Iye anali mmodzi wa omwe adayambitsa Union of kanjedza ed, komanso zisudzo "Contemporary", limene linali luso wotsogolera. Kuwonjezera ntchito akuchita, O. Efremov anali ndi luso wotsogolera ya zisudzo. Iye anali kupereka State Prize la USSR, ndipo kenako - pa Russian State Prize. Oleg mphoto ya "Golden Chigoba" Iye ali wopambana wa mphoto "Munthu wa Chaka" Russian mbiri Institute.

The Mipingo ya XX atumwi

Nthawi imeneyi, nthumwi 324 a kudzinenera kulenga anali kupereka. Iwo anali ochita zisudzo, otsogolera, maseŵeralo asangalatsi, analemba, oimba, ovina, akuwauza. Ena mwa iwo ndi odziwika Armen Borisovich Dzhigarhanyan amene ankaimba 250 mafilimu mafano anagunda Guinness Book of Records. Mu 1989 iye analandira udindo aulemu a Natalya Yurevna Durova. The Ammayi adakali aang'ono ntchito mu masewera aja, sanaleke ntchito yake, ngakhale mu nkhondo. Iye analemba mabuku akuluakulu ndi ana. chowathandiza anali wofunika kwambiri kunja. Choncho, GDR n'kukagwiritsa N. Yu. Durovoy mutu wa mbuye maphunziro m'madzi nyama.

Ya mapeto a mphoto ya

Mu 1990, anthu 29 anayamba "otchuka" ndipo patatha chaka - 32 antchito aluso chikhalidwe ndi luso. L. V. Durov, VT Spivakov, M. M. Zapashny, Z. E. Gerdt, G. M. Vitsin ndi amisiri ena, kupereka mutu wa deta. Last USSR Anthu a Chithunzi - wosewera O. I. Yankovsky (mu December 1991). Iye wachita mafilimu ambiri, anabweretsa moyo mwa m'ndandanda wa zithunzi pa Lenkom Theatre ndi Drama Theatre mu mzinda wa Saratov. Last wowerengeka wojambula wa USSR zinthu ngati wotsogolera mu filimu "Bwerani Tayang'anani pa Ine", amene analenga pamodzi ndi ml Agranovich. wosewera The mobwerezabwereza analandira mphoto chifukwa wosewera Best pa madyerero osiyanasiyana filimu.

Pamodzi ndi Oleg Yankovsky mu 1991 mutu wa "Mmisiri Anthu a USSR" ndi Ammayi analandira SS Pilyavskaya. Iye anali m'mabwalo angapo (Mat USSR Gorky Moscow Art Theatre ndi Chekhov) ndi nyenyezi mu makanema. SS Pilyavskaya mu RSFSR anali wojambula wolemekezeka, izo kupereka wa Stalin Prize la mlingo wachiwiri, mendulo.

Ojambula anthu a USSR, tsopano

Tinasangalala kwambiri kuti tili moyo, luso ojambula zithunzi zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mu Azerbaijan moyo wowerengeka amisiri anayi: limba Farhad Shamsi oglu Badalbeyli, woimba Fidan Ekrem-oglu Kasimov, Wolemba Arif Dzhangir oglu Melikov, woimba Zeynab Yahya oglu Khanlarova. Armenia - Ammayi VK Varderesyan Wolemba K. A. Orbelyan, wochititsa O. A. Chekidzhyan. Chithunzi anthu a USSR moyo mu Belarus. Izi choreographer V. N. Elizarev Wolemba IM Luchenok ndi ena. Mu Georgia, naini moyo wotchuka anthu: MP Amiranashvili, ng Bregvadze, LA Isakadze, G. Kancheli, R. R. Sturua ndi ena.

Ndi angati wowerengeka amisiri wa USSR amakhala ku Russia tsopano? Izi luso zisudzo Soviet V. S. Lanovoy, EA Bystritskaya, L. K. Durov, uthenga ulalikidwa Tabakov, I. M. Churikova, maseŵeralo M. M. Zapashny, O. K. Popov, amachitika . T. Spivakov, woimba AB Pugacheva ndi ena. Kukhala anthu ojambula Anthu a USSR mu Ukraine - izo wochititsidwa ndi A. T. Avdievsky woimba DM Gnatyuk woimba S. M. Rotaru, zisudzo Rogovtseva, ballerina TA Tayakina ndi ena. Komanso ojambula zithunzi ankakonda moyo mu Latvia, Lithuania, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan ndi maiko ena a USSR kale.

pomaliza

Ojambula anthu a USSR, tsopano tikukhala kapena tadutsa kale nthawi yaitali kukhala mu mitima ya mafani. Pokhala "anthu" nthawi zonse mwayi udindo anafuna pafupifupi onse ojambula zithunzi. mutuwu anapereka mwiniwake kwambiri phindu. Mwachitsanzo, kuwonjezeka kwambiri malipilo awo ndi penshoni, mwayi kukuza malo moyo wawo ndi kupeza mkhalidwe dacha, kuchotsera kwambiri kupereka ntchito zofunikira ndipo, ndithudi, mikhalidwe pa ndime ya zoimbaimba. Komanso ankaganiza kuti mutu akutsimikiza chikondi cha anthu kwa wosewera wa. Koma panali zisudzo ndi oimba amene sanalandire mphoto iliyonse ndipo akhala anazindikira ndi kumuyamikira anthu wamba osachepera lotchedwa. Mwachitsanzo, Vladimir Vysotsky, Andrei Mironov, Oleg Dal. Ojambula anthu a USSR kokaonera mafilimu, nyimbo, zisudzo ndi zina kulenga ndimachita amalemekezedwa kwambiri, iwo anawaitana mapwando, misonkhano ndi zoimbaimba. anthu aluso zambiri mafani lonse Soviet Union ndi kupitirira.