Alfons Dode: yochepa mbiri, makoti

Ntchito ya Alfonsa Dode (1840-1897) limodzi ndi mtsinje atsopano mu mabuku French ndi onse kukhala amodzi a mbali yabwino. Alfons Dode anabadwa mu chigawo chakumwera, ndipo chibadidwe mu wildness zonse m'maganizo ndi Wakummwera, koma iye anayesa kulemba za zimene anaona ndi kukumana nazo.

Childhood ndi unyamata

makolo Daudet anali anthu wamba, amene bourgeois oyambirira zisinthe anasamukira ku mzinda wa Nimes, kumene Alfons Dode anabadwa mu banja la mwini wolemera fakitale nsalu. Mmodzi mwa abale ake anamwalira pafupifupi mwana. Izi kukumana ndi imfa chisoni wolemba m'tsogolo, ndipo kenako angakuuzeni za izo mu "The Mwana" buku. Mu buku limeneli akulongosola m'chipululu fakitale bwalo, kumene anakakhala ubwana wake komanso kumene fancied yekha Robinson. Zinali zosangalatsa ndi ulesi nthawi, monga Alfons Dode sankadziwa kuti pafupi banja lake umatha, amene anadza pambuyo 1848.

Lyons

Fakitale yathetsedwa, ndipo banja lonse anasamukira ku Lyon. Abale awiri, Ernest ndi Alfons Dode, poyamba pa sukulu mpingo ndiyeno pa Lycée. Ana a makolo olemera ndayesera manyazi iwo ndi kulankhula nawo. Abale anaima pa manyazi chifukwa cha umphawi. Komabe, Alfons mopanda manyazi anaphonya maphunziro pa usinkhu wa satini, ankaona kuti mtsinje, maboti, agogo amandikhudza - ndi mmene kanyamaka chenicheni cha moyo. Pa nthawi yomweyo, iye ankawerenga kwambiri ndi kuyamba kulemba ndakatulo. Iye anali sikisitini pamene mwachidule ntchito mphunzitsi, ndiyeno anapita pambuyo mbale wake 1857 ku likulu.

Paris

Mu buku la "The Mwana" ndi m'buku lakuti "zaka makumi atatu mu Paris" Daudet zizifotokoza ili ndilo tsiku lanu loyamba ku likulu. Iye anasangalala kwambiri kuchokera kukumana ndi Ernest. Komabe, linakhalapo anali polubogemnym, omvetsachisoni - kuperewera kwa zakudya m'thupi, kusowa pogona. Kamodzi, pamene iye adachimwana kuzibweza nyumba, ndiye ine adakhala theka la usiku pa boulevards lapansi. chaka Patatha mwayi - anafalitsa buku la ndakatulo amene anasangalala ndi otsutsa ndi anthu. Kenako ndinaitanidwa ku nyuzipepala "Le Figaro". Ndiyeno - kwambiri. Iye ndi m'bale wake anayamba kugwira ntchito pa State Chancellery wa thupi malamulo. Tchuthi kwambiri. Olemekezeka tsopano, akuwoneka Dode Alfons (chithunzi). Kupitiriza kulemba, Daudet kuyendera Provence, Algeria, Corsica. Ndipo paliponse zimapangitsa zidindo, kenako adzasefukira masamba a ntchito zake - "Letters kuchokera komweko", "Nabob", "Tartarin wa Tarascon." Mu 1867 Daudet losangalala. Iye adzakhala nawo ana awiri ndipo wamkazi.

Buku loyamba

"Letters kuchokera komweko" (1865-1869), gulu lanyimbo yochepa - ndipo ichi woyamba ntchito yapadera Daudet. Short nkhani ndi nthano simunataye kufunika ndi zithumwa masiku ano. Izi wachisomo ndi zoona, zosangalatsa ndiponso wopulupudza, nkhani zina zomvetsa chisoni Daudet analandira mphatso, kucheza ndi osawuka a Provence.

buku loyamba

Zinali polubiografichesky buku "mwana" (1868). Pali zambiri munthu, koma kuzindikiridwa kwathunthu ndi ngwazi simungathe Daudet. Makanema ambiri gawo lachiwiri kwathunthu anatulukira, ndi chikhalidwe cha Daudet Kodi sizigwirizana ndi khalidwe la ngwazi za. Izi m'nyimbo tsikulo kukula mwana. Daudet anali woyamba mu France ananyamula nkhani imeneyi.

Zopatsa wa Tartarin

Wambiri Alfonsa Dode, monga wojambula aliyense - ndi ntchito yake, chifukwa iwo analipira danga kwambiri. Pa mtima wa buku lino ndi wothwanima Provencal nthabwala. Daudet anasonyeza kuti moyo waung'ono tawuni inert, opusa abwino chikhalidwe, narcissistic munthu mu msewu, zomwe zinaposa onse Tartarin. Iwo ali m'munda kumene inu kukula mitengo ya malambe m'mayiko nyenyezi yaing'ono zida kawirikawiri ndi nkhambakamwa. Iye yekha ndinalota kupita ku Shanghai, monga kale kuti iye anali kumeneko. Tartarin Daudet ndi - nzosatheka chiwembuyo ndi windbag. Komabe, anaganiza kusiya Tarascon wake ndi kupita ku Algeria, kumene French anathamangira zikwi, kupanga dziko lino njuchi awo. Daudet akuseka nkhani kuti French kupita chitukuko. Ndipo likukhalira Zotengera ndale.

chizolowezi

Mozungulira 1877 wolemba Alfons Dode, zosiyana si bwino amapereka kuti okhwima ntchito ndi zina. Ngati ntchito chidwi iye, amadzuka 4:00 m'mawa mpaka amathamanga eyiti. Kenako yopuma ola limodzi, iye kamodzinso ntchito maola khumi ndi awiri a tsiku, ndiye maola awiri enawo, ndipo ntchito ndi maola 14 kuti 18, kenako pa 20 mpaka pakati pa usiku. Pa nthawi yomweyo mu ofesi ya dongosolo abwino. Mu nthawi kuchokera 1877 mpaka 1889, iye analemba mabuku khumi, komanso kukumbukira, nkhani, essays, ndi ziwiya zina.

paubwenzi

Wolemba ali kukhala wotchuka kwambiri. "Wake" Mkonzi kuwazindikira. Goncourt, Zola, Flaubert, Turgenev. Turgenev angamukanthe ndi kumupha ndi nzeru zake Buku. Ndithudi anabwera chokumbukira ubwana achibale ake ndi Russia. amalume ake William anathawa chosintha France ndipo anatumizidwa ku Russia. Mu St. Petersburg, anakhala mwini sitolo lalikulu ndi katundu Imperial Wake Ufumu. Kenako mlandu chiwembu ndi ku Siberia. Iye anathamangira kwa malire a dziko la China anagwidwa ndi kundende. Ine adawamasulira Mfumu Alexander I, amene anakwera wachifumu. Kuyambira ndili mwana Alfons Dode anaphunzira za Russia, ndipo kenako mabuku, makamaka wotchuka mu France, "Mfundo za Hunter". Ndipo tsopano wamfupi-circuited, mu bwalo la abwenzi, kulankhulana nawo ndi wolemba, amene, pambuyo pa chakudya, akhoza ndemanga pa ntchito wanzeru wa Goethe. misonkhano iyi kumalimbitsa olemba onse asanu, kuwonjezera M'maso mwawo. Turgenev anali kuyamikira kwambiri Daudet. Apa pali m'mene iye ndemanga pa mabuku ake kuti: "Ngati" Fromont ndi Risler, "kuimira mzere woongoka, ndi" Nabob "ayenera kumujambula ww, ndipo nsonga za zigzags izi zizipezeka woyamba mlingo talente."

Great ukusokoneza chikhalidwe

Buku "The Nabob" (1877) linalembedwa ndi zovuta. Wolemba ankafotokozedwa chinyengo ambiri, amene chidafundidwa ndi kukhulupirika modzionetsera. Adventurers onse anali mu mphamvu. Iwo ali ngale kapena maudindo adagula ndi mabungwe anapeza cushy mipando. ukulu awo kunja kubisala chikhalidwe zonyozeka. Marcel-Bruno Gensoul buku anachokera losauka banja malonda misomali dzimbiri. Iye mphekesera ku Tunisia ndipo anabwerera ku France yoyenga. Mu Paris, iye amafuna kugula kutchuka, kutchuka. Koma iye anali pomwepo atazunguliridwa ndi khamu la anthu ogwirira nawo. Poyerekeza, Marcel-Bruno Gensoul - wovutika redneck. Iye amayesetsa kugula zonse kukhala kazembe. Koma, kunamizidwa ndi onse, iye afa yekha. Apo ayi akufotokozera za tsogolo la bwenzi wake wakale ndipo tsopano adani onyansa - ndi banki Emerlenga. Iye akhala m'modzi wa tycoons wa Paris.

Chidwi pa moyo masiku

Iye anasonyeza buku wolembayo "Sappho" (1884). Daudet anatenga chakuti ambiri manyazi - uhule, osati kuwulula zinthu yowutsa mudyo, ndiyeno kuwulula kwa wowerenga kuya kwa mochititsa manyazi a akazi amene anakakamizika kugulitsa matupi awo. Pamaso owerenga ndi zithunzi za ogulitsa chipangizo, wodzikonda ndi wankhanza. Masuku pamutu akazi awa, iwo mosavuta kuwaponya, likupita umphawi ndi kuvutika. Normal cholowa cha ngozi - msewu, njala, msanga ukalamba.

Alfons Dode: makoti

mawu ambiri wolemba anapita kwa anthu ndi akhala aphorisms. Ife tikungodziwa Lembani ochepa:

• "Mwamwayi yekha kunyoza zolakwa amene ali mwa inu nokha."
• "Tailwind chitumidwa kwa ife ndi Providence, ndipo iye alibe kubzikhotcera."
• "Act, zinthu! Ndi bwino kuti anaona mtengo, chinachake kulota, osachepera magazi si stagnate mu mitsempha!"

Russian mabuku a m'zaka za m'ma 19 ndipo akutipatsa waluntha, makamaka pamene tikuliwerenga ilo oyambirira. Koma France ndi zaka za m'ma 19 anapereka gulu la olemba kwambiri, kuphatikizapo kumene, dzina la Alfons Dode. Mwachidule mbiri, m'mawu ntchito zake zabwino, wapatsidwa m'nkhani ino. Iye anafa ali ndi zaka 57 ndipo anaikidwa mu manda a Pere La Chaise.