"A nthano za Shemyakin khoti": chiwembu, zinthu zaluso

Tili ndi chidwi pa ntchito mwina chipilala wotchuka kwambiri wa m'zaka XVII. dzina lake kenako ngakhale anakhala akunena kuti: "Shemyakin khoti" amatanthauza mlandu chilungamo, ndi parody za izo. Mumadziwika dongosolo ndakatulo ndi chidwi za "The nthano za Shemyakin khoti", komanso otchuka ake wotchipa kubwezeretsa. Komanso, anabereka wotchuka nthano za anthu osauka ndi m'bale wolemera.

Vuto la analembadi, magwero

Woyambitsa "The nthano za Shemyakin khoti" Sizikudziwika chifukwa ndicho chiyambi cha wowerengeka. Ofufuzawa anafunafuna ofanana ndalama zili mu Indian, mabuku Persian. Tikudziwanso kuti nkhani yomweyo ndi wotchuka wolemba Mikołaj Rej, amene anakhalapo zaka za m'ma XVII ndipo walandira mutu aulemu a "bambo mabuku Polish." Mu ena mndandanda ovomerezedwa ndi bwino "mabuku Polish" zalembedwa, "The nthano za bwalo Shemyakin". Mafunso a gwero lake Koma idzathetsedwe. Palibe umboni wokwanira pa ubwenzi Russian chipilala ntchito yeniyeni mabuku yachilendo. Kuzindikiritsidwa mpukutu akusonyeza pamaso pa otchedwa nkhani yosokera, silisintha. Monga zambiri zinachitika ndi zipilala za nthano nthabwala, anecdotes sangathe a mtundu wina. Iwo bwinobwino amasamukira kumalo mzake, monga mikangano m'banja kulikonse zoona, zofanana. Mbali imeneyi imapangitsa makamaka kovuta kusiyana anamasulira mabuku choyambirira zipilala za m'ma XVII.

"A nthano za Shemyakin khoti": zili

Mbali yoyamba ya nkhaniyo limatiuza za zochitika (onse oseketsa ndi chisoni) amene anachitika kuyambira mlimi wosauka. Izo zonse akuyamba ndi chakuti m'bale wake wolemera zimamuthandiza kavalo, koma amaiwala za kolala. The protagonist wa matabwa tirigu chimamanga kwa mchira, ndi misozi. Kenako tsokali chinachitika kwa osauka, pamene iye anagona pa wansembe kukweza ndi (ndiye kalipeti ya). mgonero wake, ndithudi, wansembe adyera sanaitana. Zaglyadevshis pa lomivshiysya mbale ku gome, yaikulu khalidwe mwangozi zashibaet, mwana wa wansembe. Tsopano chifukwa cha zolakwa awa kukhala osauka munthu bwalo. Akakumana iye akufuna kudzipha, ndi kuponyera pansi kuchoka mlatho. Ndipo kachiwiri - kulephera. Farmer yekha amakhalabe tselehonkim, koma munthu wakale, anafika ku mbali yaikulu, wapita pa tsiku lomaliza.

Choncho, mlimi adzayenera kuyankha pa milandu atatu. owerenga amafuna pachimake - ndi kuchenjera ndi wosalungama woweruza Shemyaka, popeza atakulungidwa mu mwala mpango ndi malonjezo wopatsa akudzipereka mokomera wamba osauka. Kotero, munthuyo loyamba mpaka kavalo chidzakula mchira latsopano. Wansembe anadzipereka kuti mkazi wake mlimi amene iye ayenera kunyamula mwana. A mwana wa munthu wakale amene anafa malipiro ayenera kugwa kuchokera pa mlatho ndi zashib wamba osauka. Mwachibadwa, kuchokera njira ngati akuvutika onse kusankha kulipira.

Limatchula za zikuchokera

"A nthano za Shemyakin khoti" lagawidwa pawiri. Mbali yoyamba imakhala nkhani zitatu tafotokozazi. Okha, iwo anazindikira ngati nthabwala mwachizolowezi zoseketsa, zimene zikulumikizana. Pano iwo ali, monga unatengedwa kulongosola za nkhani yaikulu, ngakhale zitsanzo tingachipeze powerenga za nkhani za m'mabwalo a si anati. Komanso onse anafotokoza zinthu kumeneko adalemba mu zinachitika kale. Osati pano, kusiyana pakati pa "A nthano za Shemyakin khoti". Mbali imeneyi amapereka nkhani zazikulu wa chipilala wakale.

Mbali yachiwiri ya kapangidwe ndi zovuta: ziganizo leni Shemyaka kuti ndi galasi chifanizo cha wofuna wamba osauka patsogolo chimango - ndi powonekera, wozengedwa limasonyeza woweruza "mphotho."

mwambo wa Zotengera

Zotengera anali wotchuka kwambiri mu mabuku a m'zaka za m'ma XVII. Mfundo za kufunika kwake singalifotokoze limatchula za moyo pa nthawiyo. Panali kulimbitsa udindo wa malonda ndi Chotsimikizika ya anthu, koma zilibe amathandiza kuti chitukuko cha ufulu wake boma. The Zotengera pansi kutsutsika mwano wa mbali zambiri za moyo chikhalidwe cha nthawi imeneyo - mlandu chilungamo, prudery ndi chinyengo cha monasticism, kwambiri lochitira chikhalidwe.

"A nthano za Shemyakin khoti" kupsa mu mwambo. Owerenga a nthawi imeneyo ayenera kuti anazindikira kuti nkhaniyo parodies ndi "Code" mu 1649 - malamulo a zimene zimaperekedwa kusankha chilango malingana ndi mmene zachiwawa wopalamulayo. Choncho, pakuti kupha anadalira kuphedwa ndi kupanga ndalama zachinyengo inalangidwa Anadzaza mmero wake patsogolo. Kuti, "A nthano za Shemyakin khoti" akhoza limanenedwa ngati parody pa mankhwala akale.

mlingo maganizo

The nkhani inatha losangalala wamba shabby, iye anapambana pa dziko la chilungamo ndi wankhanza. "Choonadi" ndi wamphamvu kuposa "chinyengo." Koma woweruzayo, iye anatenga phunziro lofunika kwambiri zimene zinachitika: "A nthano za Shemyakin khoti" umatha ndi leguleian amaphunzira choonadi za "lonjezo". Komabe, ngakhale amakonda chiweruzo wake, chifukwa mukatero, cobblestone uyu akanakhala mateche mzimu.

mbali luso

"A nthano za Shemyakin khoti" tofa kanthu, zinthu azithunzithunzi imene zilembo kubwera ndi anatsindika unsembe dispassionate wa ofotokozera, kuti zikungochitira umboni kuti kudzadi kwa satirical mkokomo wa chipilala wakale. zizindikiro zimenezi amasonyeza moyandikana matsenga patsogolo kwa nkhani wowerengeka chikhalidwe ndi zoweta.