Zopeka, mbiri yake ndi pano Kodi

Yankho la funso zimene prose, mwina angapezeke ku chiyambi cha mabuku akale. Mu chikhalidwe mabuku a wakale Greece aliyense lemba mabuku otchedwa ndakatulo. Zaluso Greek mfundo okongola, zojambulajambula, anali wolimba anaphatikizidwa mungoli lapansi. Choncho, ambiri ntchito mabuku akale Greek a ndakatulo. Kenako ife bungwe rhythmically, wotchedwa "ndime", motsutsana ndi neritmizirovannoy kulankhula. Mu Amlowam'malo ndi otsatira cha Agiriki wa Aroma zakale, unadziwika ngati "prose» (prōsa). ndi prose mabuku Roma chiyani? Ndi ufulu wolankhula, osalumikidwa mungoli komanso kubwerezabwereza.

Zingatanthauze kuti pali muyezo bwino kuti imalongosola mfundo, koma kwenikweni zambiri zovuta. Prose ndi ndakatulo mulibe omveka bwino. Pali zenizeni ndi zopeka, popanda mungoli, koma wosweka mu zigawo, monga ndakatulo lili ndi dzina "akusowekapo ndime". Tikawonetsetsa rhythmic, ndi mizere amafananirako, wolemba anatchula prose, ngakhale ndi rhythmic. Nanga zopeka?

Zina mwa ntchito mabuku akale Greek kuwonjezera ndakatulo prose Mitundu anali ntchito zaluso, monga bodza, nthano, nthano ndi sewero lanthabwala. Iwo sanali a ndakatulo ndi mabuku ambiri, chifukwa nthano anatumikira chipembedzo, nthano anali polemba chinenero mwambo - zopeka mbiri, sewero lanthabwala ndi kuseka achibadwidwe m'munsi, mwiniwake zosangalatsa wamba. A mapepala kafukufuku wa sayansi, malankhulidwe a okamba ndi andale anali Mitundu ya prose nonfiction.

Tinganene kuti zakale, Roman, ndiyeno European akale chikhalidwe prose ndakatulo wowerengeredwa pansipa. Mitundu Prose monga a m'banja kapena mabuku journalistic, yomwe alibe phindu luso. Ngakhale ndakatulo ndi wofunika kwambiri ndipo ankaona kuti yabwino luso.

Mu theka lachiwiri la Middle Ages kusintha anthu zachititsa kuti mumaganiza latsopano mu mabuku. Pang'onopang'ono ndakatulo wotaya udindo wake mwayi. Chifukwa chitukuko mofulumira zamalonda ndi mafakitale wakula ndipo anayamba chikhalidwe, makalasi osiyanasiyana anali chidwi kwambiri si ndakatulo, ndi Mitundu prose, mitundu yatsopano monga buku ndi yochepa nkhani. Ndi chitukuko cha prose buku pang'onopang'ono anapanga. okondedwa Old, mkulu ndakatulo Mitundu, nthawi yomweyo anataya malo ake kutsogolera, ali wochepa ndi pang'onopang'ono, ndipo adakali mabuku.

M'zaka za m'ma XIX, palibe funso kuti prose amenewa. Writers kukhala olemba akutsogolera ntchito zawo odziwika ndi waife anthu. Iwo kanjedza zofunika za ndondomeko mabuku, kumvetsera iwo onse. Mu bwino prose ntchito amatha kuuka kwa generalizations Kumwambamwamba, amene kotheka kukwera mu nthawi ya ulamuliro wa ndakatulo ndi chabe ndiAmene kwambiri odes, mavuto ndi ndakatulo.

Kumapeto kwa XX atumwi pamodzi ndi luso lonse imavuta ndi mabuku. Iye ayamba kupikisana ndi moyo weniweni. cholinga chake anasintha, sikulinso motsanzira moyo ndipo akuyamba yesezera zenizeni mu njira yake, kupanga chitsanzo latsopano mabuku. Zimakhala dzina "mabuku postmodern."

mabuku Traditional chikuwonjezeka chifaniziro cha wowerenga za dziko ndi munthu chikhalidwe mkati. cholinga chake chinali kukopa anthu abwino pa munthu ndi anthu, kusintha kwa dziko ndi munthu, munthu wina moyo chitukuko cha makhalidwe zokongoletsa ndi chikumbumtima.

Modern Russian prose, monga ena a mabuku lero sinafike nzeru ndi kusintha dziko. Amamuchititsa kukhala Masewero akafuna kuli chithunzi. Malinga ndi olemba ochuluka yofanana ndi mabuku, prose makamaka, anataya kuphunzitsa moyo wina.