Zolinga za Gabion: cholinga, mitundu, zofunikira

Pambuyo pa mawu osokoneza bongo "gabion" amachokera ku zomangira zachitsulo ndipo amadzazidwa ndi miyala, miyala kapena miyala yochepa. Pakalipano, zomangamanga za gabion zoterezi zowoneka ngati zotchipa zimakhala zofunikiratu muzinthu zamakampani ndi zankhondo.

Kusankhidwa

Cholinga chachikulu cha zomanga nyumba monga gabion zomangamanga, mtengo umene ulipo pakati pa 950 ndi 8,300 rubles umodzi wa zitsulo, wakhala ukugwiritsidwa ntchito kudziko lapansi kwa zaka zoposa zana ngati malo olimbikitsa nthaka, mabanki, malo osungiramo njira, ndi zomangamanga zina. Mtengo umasiyanasiyana malinga ndi kukula kwa kapangidwe ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka miyala (miyala, miyala, miyala).

Mu zomangamanga, gabions amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbikitsa mabanki amadzimadzi aumadzi, kumanga makoma osungira komanso kupanga mapangidwe osiyanasiyana pa malo. Kukonzekera kwa nyumba za gabion kumapangitsa kuti malowa asinthidwe ndipo ntchito zambiri zamakono zimagwira ntchito pamtunda popanda kuopseza chilengedwe cha gawolo.

Mitundu yayikulu ya nyumba za gabion

Mwachidziwitso, gabion ili ndi zinthu ziwiri - mzere wa gabion ndi kudzaza. Opanga lero amapereka ogula mitundu itatu ya mapangidwe awa:

1. Mabokosi.

2. Zokwanira.

3. Zovala.

Zinthu zooneka ngati bokosi zimapangidwa monga mawonekedwe a parallelepiped ndipo zingakhale zazikulu zosiyana. M'lifupi mwake mamita 1 ndipo amatha kufika kufika pa 2, kutalika kwake kumatha kukhala mamita 2-6, kutalika kwa 50 cm mpaka 100. Kuonjezera zizindikiro za mphamvu mkati mwa gabion, mapepala-diaphragms - zinthu zina zowonjezera zikhoza kukhazikitsidwa.

Nyumba zamakono zili mu mawonekedwe a silinda. 2-4 mamita - kusiyana kwa kutalika kwa chinthu chimodzi, kutalika kwake - kuchokera pa masentimita 65 mpaka 95. Pakuti zojambulajambula zimakhala zosavuta kusiyana ndi mtundu wa bokosi, womwe umakhala chifukwa cha kusowa kwa olimbika.

Mtengo wa masitala ndi 20-30 masentimita (omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi masentimita 23). M'lifupi mukhoza kusintha pakati pa mamita 1-2, kutalika - kuchokera mamita 1 mpaka 6. Zomwezo zimangobwereza mosavuta mawonekedwe a mpumulo ndipo zimatha kukhala maziko a zomangamanga kuchokera ku zinthu zofanana ndi bokosi.

Ubwino wa gabions

Nyumba za Gabion zili ndi ubwino wina. Kusinthasintha kwawo kumatsimikiziridwa ndi ma thomba a zitsulo ziwiri zomwe zingathe kulimbana ndi mtundu uliwonse wa katundu popanda kuphwanya. Ngakhalenso ndi kukula kwa nthaka pansi pa gabion, kapangidwe kameneka kaŵirikaŵiri kamangokhala opunduka pang'ono, koma palibe chomwe chimagwera.

Mphamvu zamakono zimachokera ku zizindikiro za nsomba ziwiri, zomwe makamaka zimangowonjezera zonse. Kuphatikizana kwa zida za gabion zomwe zimagwirana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito waya wothandizidwa zimatembenuza dongosolo lonse kukhala chinthu cha monolithic.

Gabions ali operewera madzi, chotero, munthu akhoza kumanga nyumba popanda mantha a hydrostatic katundu. Pankhani yomanga makoma osungira, palibe chifukwa chokhazikitsira khoma.

Nyumba za Gabion zimakhala zachilengedwe, chifukwa sizikusokoneza chilengedwe. Pakapita nthawi, zimakhala pakati pa miyalayi ndi zomera, zomera zimayamba kukula. Pambuyo pa zaka zapakati pa zisanu ndi zisanu, zojambulazo zimagwirizanitsidwa bwino ndi malo ozungulira ndipo zingatumikire kosatha.

Poyerekeza ndi nyumba zowonongeka, gabionnye ndizolemera kwambiri. Palibe chifukwa chogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zolemetsa, kumangidwe koyambirira kwa kayendedwe ka madzi. Gabion filler (mwala) poyamba ndi wokonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito, sichiyenera kukonzedweratu ndi kusinthidwa.

Grid kwa gabions

Gabion netting, chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu pakupanga nyumba za gabion, zimapangidwa ndi waya wopota mobwerezabwereza:

- ndi zokutira zinc (osachepera 0.25 makilogalamu / m²);

- ndi zokutira zowononga kutupa;

- ndi kuvala PVC.

Kuti gabions akhale ndi mphamvu zokwanira, waya wothandizira wapadera umagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga. Zili ndi zofunikira zina. Sitiyenera kukhala ndi misonzi, mapeto ake akhoza kugwirizanitsidwa ndi kupotoza (kutalika - osaposa 20 cm) kapena kufalikira. Pa malo 20 mamita sayenera kukhala oposa 1 kupotoza.

Gabion filler

Gabions akhoza kudzazidwa ndi miyala yonse ndi miyala yamakona. Mu miyeso yake, kudzaza (mwala, wosweka, mwala) ayenera kukhala kotero kuti sichidutsa mu galasilo. Ogulitsa abwino amaganizira kukula kwa 1D mpaka 2D, kumene D ndilo lalikulu la galasi. Komabe, malinga ndi akatswiri, nyumba za gabion zopangidwa ndi kudzaza kwa 1D-1.5D zimapereka uniformorm shrinkage kudera lonselo ndi kutalika kwa kapangidwe kake.

Zowonjezera zimaperekedwanso ndi zofunikira zambiri. Mwalawu uyenera kukhala wa mphamvu yokoka (yosiyana ndi ntchito pamtunda ndi m'madzi), onetsetsani chisanu kuposa MP33, mphamvu zosachepera 400, kuyamwa madzi pang'ono. Komanso, chodzaza chiyenera kukhala chokanika kuti chiwonongeke, kuperewera kwalemera kwakukulu sikuyenera kukhala oposa 10%.