Medicine mkati

Mawu akuti "matenda mkati" amatanthauza matenda ziwalo mkati. Zikuphatikizapo vuto la impso, endocrine ndi matenda kagayidwe kachakudya. Mbaliyi akuti ndi chilichonse matenda a dongosolo kupuma ndi dongosolo m'mimba. Mwachitsanzo, zilonda zam'mimba, gastritis ndi magulu a acidity, matenda, chibayo, ndi zina zotero. N. Iwo mulinso matenda a connective dongosolo minofu, wathuyo mtima dongosolo. mankhwala nawo dokotala.

Anazindikira mankhwala mkati ndi njira za makolo za kafukufuku mwachindunji (ichi ndi kafukufuku wa mtima, percussion, palpation, auscultation, kufufuza) zoimbidwa zovuta, amuzolengedwa njira yodziwira ndi kompyuta (polojekiti anaziika endoscopy, radionuclide diagnostics, ultrasound). Komanso, mawu akuti "mkati mankhwala" amatanthauza dzina la mwambo amaphunzira chifukwa pali ndi mmene kukhala zosiyanasiyana matenda.

komanso akufotokozera njira kudziwika zawo, kupewa ndi kuchiza (kupatulapo opaleshoni ndi cheza). Mpaka m'ma 19, mbiri ya chilango chimene chinali, pamodzi ndi mbiri ya mankhwala ambiri. partitions osiyana patsogolo nthawi iyi anali kokha mu obstetrics opaleshoni. matenda Internal si ogaŵikana maganizo, akazi, ana, ndi anthu ena. Komabe, chiyambi cha zikamera wa masukulu osiyanasiyana nayikidwa "tate wa mankhwala" Hippocrates, yaikulu Roma dokotala Galen, wotchuka woganiza Ibn-Sina East ndi asing'anga ena aakulu a m'mbuyomu.

"Internal Medicine" monga phunziro la sayansi analandira chofunika chitukuko, pamodzi ndi atulukira m'zaka 19 m'dera limeneli la mankhwala. Choncho, pa nthawi ino, pathologists aona kuti matenda ena ndi ena khalidwe kusintha morphological mu matupi zogwirizana. Iwo anali zikayenda ndi Pathological Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa. Anaphunzira malamulo kungadzutse njira matenda otaya awo. Mukhale njira yatsopano nthawi ya phunziro mtima (auscultation, percussion, etc.). Bacteriology anatsegula tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sankadziwika.

Mu Russia, maziko a mwambo anaika AA OSTROUMOV, M. Ya. Mudrov, GA Zakhar'in, S. P. Botkin. chitukuko zina zinachitika, kumanga zomwe a sayansi monga zimapangidwira, sayansi ndi zamoyo. Kwakukulu anasonkhanitsa chidziwitso cha chikhalidwe cha matenda, mmene kuzindikira, ndiyeno chithandizo, m'pamenenso azipereka kwa zosiyanasiyana za mankhwala kuchipatala. Kenako, mu theka lachiwiri la m'ma 19 - m'ma 20, ubongo, Pediatrics, maganizo, pakhungu anaima zigawo zake osiyana. Panopa, mankhwala mkati, amatchedwanso mankhwala mkati, mankhwala mkati, mankhwala mkati, kukhala mmodzi wa khalidwe lalikulu matenda ndi kusukulu zachipatala. Kuwonjezera chigawo pamwamba aphatikizidwa ake cardiology, rheumatology, nephrology, gastroenterology, pulmonology ndi hematology.

chilango limapereka kuphunzira ophatikizana kafukufuku ndi maphunziro achire madokotala. Luso anapeza pa maphunziro ndi udindo waukulu mu ntchito ya adokotala mawu a mofulumira kukula kwa zipangizo zachipatala. Chikhalidwe cha mankhwala mkati wasintha kwambiri chifukwa zosiyanasiyana mankhwala ndi mwayi wa mankhwala atsopano (uyambenso mtima, kumayambiriro mankhwala mu mtsempha wamagazi kapena mphako, plasmapheresis). Zonsezi adzalola akatswiri mwakhama kulimbikitsa maphunziro a matenda. zizindikiro zimenezi mu zinachititsa kuti ndisinthe zikamera wa mavuto dera la mwambo ndi malamulo. Iwo akufotokoza onse ubale pakati pa odwala ndi dokotala, ndipo mmene analoleza achire ndi matenda alowererepo.