Zojambulajambula Rembrandt. "Self" monga momwe mbiri ya ulendo wa moyo

Pa nthawi yomweyo, mu m'ma 17, luso wakale wa ukufalikira Flanders spawned awiri amisiri wamkulu - Rubens ndi Rembrandt.

The mbiri ndi kudzikonda zithunzi za Rembrandt

Rembrandt Van Reyn anali mwana yekhayo wa Miller. Iye anabadwa July 15, 1606. Ndi nthawi iyi komweko opaleshoni pa mphamvu zonse, ndi atate, zinthu anapita n'zosadabwitsa bwino. Choncho, mwana wake wachinayi, iye anali wokhoza kuphunzitsa. Choyamba chinali Latin School ndiyeno University of Leiden. Koma anzake relentlessly penti ndi ankafuna kuphunzira kupenta. Ndi 1628 iye anali wojambula weniweni. Mmodzi wa zithunzi woyamba pensulo wamng'ono kwambiri chachabechabe mnyamata ndi luso tousled tsitsi, maso owala. Apa achinyamata Rembrandt, kudzikonda chithunzi. Mu 1630, ndi kale munthu wachikulire. Kukumanizana ife chilakolako kulenga zonse, zoona mbuye Rembrandt. Self-chithunzi analanda kusintha. Iye kale wophunzira Gerard Dou, ndiye wojambula wotchuka kwambiri. zaka izi - kuberekana nthawi ya chithunzicho. Chirichonse pozungulira amakhala chitsanzo wake. Iye akadali ntchito "yekha", koma 1630 kale kuyambira kulandira malangizo. Koma amalembera Rembrandt kudziona chithunzi mnyamata - yekha. Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti galasi kumakhudza lalikulu kwambiri pa kapangidwe amatha kuona pa zolakwa za. Ndiyeno iwo amakhala inathetsedwa.

Ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana ndi wosatha ntchito mwakhama

analemba za mazana asanu ndi zojambula, adzapanga zikwi ziwiri (!) zojambula mazana atatu ndi etchings kusintha ake onse kovuta moyo kwa kulemera kwa umphawi ndi chisokonezeko. Mmodzi zojambula wanzeru mbuye m'nthano mutu - "Danae" ili chionetsero Hermitage. Ndi anabwezeretsedwa lokonza athu iye atatha doused acid ndi kudula ndi mpeni. Tsopano iye ndi wake m'nyimbo ndi ofunda golide mtundu kachiwiri amasangalala alendo. "Phwando la Esther" mu nkhani ya m'Baibulo ya kwambiri awo zovuta maganizo. Chithunzi limafotokoza nkhani ya kuperekedwa mwadzidzidzi anatsegula. Za iye, kusankha ndi mawu movutikira, Esitere anauza mfumu ya Asuri. Only mfumu m'mwamba crumples mpango m'manja mwake, ndimalephera kuti muli maganizo. Mu ngodya, mu mithunzi, kubisala wompereka Hamani. Mtundu kwambiri pachithunzipa, shimmering ndi mithunzi yonse ya utoto wofiira ndi golide, kusonyeza mmene chisokonezo kwachititsa nkhani ya Esther. "Kubweranso kwa Mwana wolowelera" - mmodzi wa mfundo za Rembrandt. Tanthauzo la fanizo m'Baibulo - mu zolakwa wokhululuka, amazindikira ndi owomboledwa kwa zaka kuvutika ndi kuyendayenda. Kubwerera m'khola kumvetsa atate wake, kupeza moto ofunda ndi kunyumba - onse agwirizane pa chinsalu cha.

Amsterdam

Pa nthawi imeneyi 1631 Rembrandt amakhala ndi kugwira ntchito mu Amsterdam. Ngati malamulo okwanira, chithunzicho akupereka okalamba. Ndipo za mtundu wanyimbo amalikonda amaiwala Rembrandt - Self-chithunzi. Pano iye ndi munthu wachikulire mu beret zofewa pa mutu wake, mosamala ndi kuyang'ana molunjika pa ife. Kuyang'ana wojambula kudziwana munthu konse, chifukwa ife ndife chibadidwe amawasonyeza mosiyanasiyana akufanana - chikondi, chifundo, kuvutika, kupsa mtima, mkwiyo, kuperekedwa, kulimba mtima, kulimba mtima, chisokonezo.

ukwati

Mu 1634, chithunzicho kukwatira Saskia galimoto Yupenborh. Ndi mwana wa mphunzitsi wotchuka, ndipo Rembrandt, koma wosangalala ndi chuma ali kwambiri malamulo. Kuti ndi nthawi mwachilungamo mwachidule chimwemwe ndi kukondweretsedwa wa mmisiri. Iwo zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri zokha adzakhala ndi Rembrandt. "Self-Chithunzicho ndi Saskia pa mawondo ake" - pa apotheosis pachuma zake za m'dzikoli. Iwo ndi umoyo wa mmisiri, m'kukoma draperies wapatali, pikoko pa tebulo, anaika ndi tablecloth unatengera, wokongola mafashoni veleveti mtengo zovala, ulemerero pamwamba pa galasi, pa za chikondi cha mkazi wake wamng'ono. Iye theka anatembenukira kwa omvetsera, ndi modekha akuyang'ana ife ndi maso mdima. Tsitsi chikufanana ndi mauna kaso, makutu atapachikidwa ndolo. Ndipo chithunzicho, ankamwetulira ndiponso atanyamula dzanja mtsikana chimachokera chimwemwe. Kamvekedwe anasankha mfulu, wooneka wofiira, koma amachokera Saskia golide chowala, amene chabe kuwatsuka mwamuna wake, amene ndi pang'ono mu mthunzi. Onse waphimbika airspace. Ndi zikuchokera khola ndi isosceles makona. Komanso, zonse likunena mu dziko la Mlengi. Koma pensulo sewero chinapangidwa koyambirira, si lofanana ndi ntchito yotsirizidwa. Izi ndi kuwala kwambiri, airy chithunzi, wodzala mizere wavy akuthamanga khalidwe lotero la mbuye. Nthawi yomweyo wamvetsetsa chikhalidwe Rembrandt. Self-Chithunzicho ndi Saskia akuonetsedwa pamasom'pamaso. Mu Pachithunzipa, ndi wojambula, kenako pang'ono plump mkazi wamng'ono ndi amangotchula vybivshimisya tsitsi pamphumi ndi kuzungulira chowulungika ya nkhope, wofatsa ndi okoma. Mwachidule mwana wangwiro, amene amakonda kucheza ndi anthu, amene ayenera osachepera, ndipo ntchito kwambiri, koma mwakhama kuti apeze zofunika pa moyo. View kwawo. Chithunzicho turndown momasuka akutsegula khosi lake. Pa mutu wake - amakonda amanyamula. Patapita zaka zambiri akulemba Rembrandt kudziona chithunzi ndi Saskia, amene kulibenso. Iye akadali kulimba yomweyo, koma pafupi ndi iye wokondedwa dona wakale, amene iye akhoze zaka zapitazi. Ndipo izo anapitiriza maonekedwe a mwana amene mukufuna kuyang'ana. Mu maso ake bata muli chikumbukiro cha zapitazi, ndi makwinya - basi chimene chiyenera kumanzere monga pa nkhope ndi pa mtima. Ndi zodabwitsa bwanji anthu adatengedwa ndi moyo wake fanizo la wokondedwa, konse kwa mphindi angaiwale munthu.

Atamwalira Saskia

Iye anamwalira mu 1642, ndipo involuntarily anatenga onsewo. Anafa ana awo Tito ndekha. The watsopano ukwati wojambula sanabwere, ngakhale ku mogwirizana ndi mtumiki Hendrik Jagers anabereka mwana wamkazi. Ndipo anakhala chidwi kusonkhanitsa. ndalama anathera pa m'chipani cha mwakuti kuti anasamukira ku hotelo.

chithunzi cha Rembrandt

Pa moyo wake analemba 90 kudziletsa zithunzi. Kodi chidamupangitsa iye kwambiri kuyan'ana kusintha awo? Mwachionekere, iwo ali Anafanizira mbiri yake. Self-zithunzi za Rembrandt - mbiri ya moyo ziboliboli. Iye anatsatira mphamvu ya kusintha awo. zithunzi zake anamwazikana padziko zochititsa chidwi ku dziko.

Mu 1634 zikuoneka kuti amaphunzira yekha. Kodi izo zifika ku moyo. Iye kale anakumana ndi wake ndipo amaganizira mmene chowapangitsa woyenera ndi bwino. Iye akadali sindingakhoze, amati zimene adzakumane. Iye akuvala ubweya, veleveti ndi zokumbira lapamtima.

Chaka 1640. Komabe kumatenga wokondwa nthawi. Chithunzi zojambulajambula ankakhulupirira kwambiri yekha ndi kukhazikika moyo. Olemera chovala veleveti camisole ndi bafuta amaika ndi woonda woyera shati ndi zingwe ndi mtendere zonse yekha kuchifotokoza.

1652. Mu chithunzi, iye monyada wadziyang'anira yekha, osauka, chovala yosavuta ndi dzenje paphewa. The phale mdima, kumene kuwala imagwera kokha munthu akufuna kuunikila, kutsindika mfundo zovuta chithunzicho. Komabe, kusewera pa milomo ya Izitu n'zovutitsa kuwala - iye, ngati Solomo anadziŵa kuti zonse akudutsa.

1661-TH. nthawi imeneyi, iye anadzi- penti ndi makhalidwe onse a chithunzicho. Kuwala kuthira kuchokera Kumwamba chapansipansi, ndi mithunzi kwambiri pansi ndi khalidwe chiaroscuro mbuye. A mzere pamapindikira pambuyo chithunzicho loyenerera lero, koma yemweyo mapeto luso sanabwere. Master onse adatambasula mwambi.

1665. Rembrandt ankakonza kulengeza yokha zinatha. Modekha, iye amayang'ana pa imene yatsala ukalamba umphawi.

m'zaka zaposachedwapa

Mu 1656 Rembrandt anapereka chuma chake kwa mwana wake Tito ndipo ananena zinatha. Ntchito, kusamukira kotala Ayuda, iye sanafooke. Nthawi zambiri, iye anajambula zithunzi za mwana wake. Koma mu 1668 mwana afa. Iwo anali chidakwa nkhonya. Komabe, 1669 wojambula kulengedwa mwaluso wake "Kubweranso kwa Mwana wolowelera." Mu 1669, otsiriza lolembedwa ndi kudzikonda chithunzi ndi Rembrandt. Rembrandt Van Reyn pa izi anamaliza moyo analenga padziko lapansi.

Rembrandt, sloughed zosiyana, anali pa chitukuko cha mamembala dziko luso munalidi gulu la Luka Woyera ndi mphamvu kwambiri. zojambula wake aphunzira ndi kuphunzirabe ojambula zithunzi.