Zochita za wolota wa nkhaniyi "White Mausiku" Dostoevsky

"Mausiku White" - buku Fedora Dostoevskogo, adayamba lofalitsidwa mu magazini ya "Mfundo za Lathu" mu 1848. Wolemba ali odzipereka ntchito yake AN Pleshcheyev, bwenzi la ubwana wake. Mwina munthuyo ndi zinachitika khalidwe waukulu, popeza amadziwika kuti pa nthawi iyi poganizira za Baibulo wake nkhani, ndi ngwazi amene ali mu mitambo. Zochita za wolota wa nkhani "White Mausiku" ayankhidwa mu nkhani ino.

Ndife maloto onse

"White Mausiku", malinga ndi akatswiri ambiri a wolemba ndi imodzi mwa ndakatulo ndi kuwala kwa ntchito zake. Dostoevsky analembanso kuti tonse tili ena maloto pati. Kuti ndi nkhani tingati angatchedwe autobiographical. Pambuyo Dostoevsky, monga waukulu mankhwala a ngwazi nthawi zambiri anakumbukira maloto ake. Iye analemba kuti m'maganizo ndi unyamata ankakonda kuimira okha nthawi zina Marius, ndi Pericles, ndi Knight mu mpikisano, ndi nthawi Mkhristu cha ulamuliro wa Nero, etc. Zinkakhalira ntchito imeneyi chikondi, komanso zithunzi za anthu otchulidwa zikuluzikulu - mtsikana ndi mkulu-plebeian. Onse a iwo ali ndi moyo wangwiro.

Tinakumana ndi Nastya

Nthano idzafotokoza asanu. Pankhaniyi, anayi anafotokoza usiku, ndi chomaliza - m'mawa. mnyamata, protagonist - ndi wolota amene wakhala ndi moyo kwa zaka eyiti mu St. Petersburg, koma analephera kupeza mabwenzi izi m'tawuni. Iye anamasulidwa mu tsiku chilimwe koyenda. Koma ngwazi mwadzidzidzi ankaoneka kuti kanyumba anamusiira mzinda. Pokhala munthu kopanda, ndi wolota anamva ndi gulu lalikulu kudzipatula kwawo ndi enawo. Iye anaganiza kuyenda wapansi mu mzinda. Tikubwerera ku kuyenda, ndi ngwazi waukulu anaona mtsikana (Nastya), akulira pa njira njanji.

Anafika akulankhula. zochitika izi zikuyamba buku "White Mausiku" Dostoevsky.

Chikhalidwe cha khalidwe waukulu

Kusankha mtundu wa nkhani mwa munthu woyamba, woyambitsa wa ntchito n'kumupatsa mbali ya kuvomereza, kusinkhasinkha, ndi autobiographical. Characteristically, ngwazi wake, Dostoevsky sanatchule. Njira imeneyi timapitiriza kucheza ndi mnzanu wapamtima wolemba kapena wolemba yekha. moyo wake wonse chifaniziro cha wolota nkhawa Dostoevsky. Iye anafuna ngakhale kulemba buku la dzina chomwecho.

Zochita za wolota wa nkhaniyi "White Mausiku" motere. Mu mankhwala protagonist - ladzala ndi mphamvu, ophunzira mnyamata. Komabe, iye amadzitcha yekha achipululu wamanyazi wolota. khalidwe akukhala ndi maloto chikondi, m'malo zenizeni. nkhawa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi zinthu iwo safuna. Iye amachita iwo pokhapokha ngati kuli koyenera ndi akuona ngati mlendo m'dzikoli. Osauka wolota ndi kubisala mu ngodya mdima wa St. Petersburg, pamene dzuwa samayang'ana konse. Munthu uyu nthawi zonse kusokonezeka maganizo, nthawi zonse amamva wolakwa. The ngwazi ulemu zopusa kulankhula kukhumuditsidwa.

mbali kunja kwa wolota wa nkhaniyi "White Mausiku" osauka kwambiri. akutsindika ndi mlembi wake dziko lamkati. Choncho, Sitidziwa chimene iye anali kuchita, kumene ankatumikira. Iwo dehumanizes na bibvu. Wolota amakhala opanda anzawo, ndipo iye anali asanakumanepo ndi atsikana. Chifukwa cha ichi, ngwazi adziika mdani ndipo akumunyoza ena. Akuyerekeza yekha ndi zauve, rumpled mphaka ndi kudana ndi kuipidwa kuyang'ana pa dziko.

nthawi zonse pali kumverera kuti mwininkhani ndi mnyamata kapena mtsikana Adzanyekeka ndi malungo. Putao kuzindikira ndi kutengeka kwambiri, umene chitaya chosokonekera, sizikuoneka alibiretu poyerekezera ndi vutolo. Iye sakudziwa dziko, monga khalidwe la wolota wa nkhani "White Mausiku". Ngati mtsikana wasankha kugwirizana moyo wake ndi ngwazi ichi, kuyembekezera ndikuusa ake aulemu, koma palibe ulendo kapena zisudzo munthu wotereyu kuti sanawaitane - yekha liletse nyumba ndi kupanga akapolo a maganizo. Mbali akulola wolota kupanga maganizo amenewo.

Tchimo moyo wa wolota, mphamvu zake za kulenga

Dostoevsky ankakhulupirira kuti mzimu moyo ochimwa, chifukwa munthu anabwerera ndi ku dziko zenizeni. Likukhalira ku "cholengedwa zachilendo 'ena' neuter". Maloto ngwazi pa nthawi yomweyo ndi phindu kulenga. Ndipotu, munthu uyu ngati Dostoevsky akuti chithunzicho ndi moyo. Iye amachita izo monga ola lake lililonse.

"Superfluous Man"

Wolota ndi mtundu wa anthu otchedwa superfluous anthu. Komatu mkati moyang'ana zotsutsa. Society iye sanali kupeputsa, ngati Pechorin kapena Onegin. khalidwe ali alendo oona chisoni. Athandize nzika zawo wolota ndi kutumikira wina kum'thandiza.

Chinyezimiro mu dziko ntchito

Ambiri a m'nthawi ya Dostoevsky anali yodziwika ndi chizolowezi ndimalota za chinachake chapadera ndi kowala. M'dziko lolamuliridwa ndi kukhumudwa ndi kutaya mtima, zomwe ankayambitsa ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa Decembrists. Si kucha mpaka kuwuka kwa kayendedwe kumasulidwa choikidwa zaka 60. Fyodor akhoza yekha kuzisiya mfundo za demokalase maloto kanthu. Komabe, ngwazi waukulu "White Mausiku" ndipo analephera kuthawa loto, ngakhale iye anamvetsa harmfulness maganizo awo.

Nastya

Zotsutsana ndi ngwazi ichi, wolota Nastya - yogwira mtsikana. Dostoevsky analengedwa m'chifanizo cha chikondi ndi woyengeka kukongola kuti ndi "moyo mwamuna kapena mkazi" ngwazi, ngakhale pang'ono zilizonse ndi wachibwana. Malamulo kulemekeza moona maganizo a msungwanayo, cholinga chake nkhondo chimwemwe chawo. Komabe, Nastya ndipo iye akusowa thandizo.

Chikondi chimene waona wolota

Dostoevsky ( "White Mausiku") pa ntchito yake limafotokoza oyera, wodzipereka kumverera kwa wolota. Hero zolinga zadyera sakudziwika. Iye ndi wokonzeka kupereka nsembe china chirichonse, choncho amafuna kukonza chimwemwe msungwana sanazengereze pang'ono kuti chikondi Nastya - chinthu chokha chimene iye ali m'moyo uno. Zinthu kudalira wolota, disinterested. Ndi oyera monga usiku woyera. Chikondi amapulumutsa ngwazi kuchokera ake, "tchimo" (ie Kuganizira), zimathandiza kuthetsa ludzu lanu la chidzalo cha moyo. Komabe, zomvetsa chisoni tsoka. Kachiwiri, iye ndi kopanda munthu. F. Dostoevsky ( "White Mausiku") Komabe, sasiya mu nkhani yomaliza ya tsoka chiyembekezo. Kachiwiri amadalitsa wolota wake wokondedwa.

Nkhani imeneyi ndi mtundu wa idyll. Enaake ndi mlembi zimene anthu zikaonetseredwe ngati mmene bwino. The mankhwala "White Mausiku", imene wolota - khalidwe generic, lililonse - ndi m'malo loto za wokongola, wamoyo zina amangosonyeza zenizeni, Dostoevsky.

Maloto Tolstoy ndi Dostoevsky

Pa ulaliki wa protagonist chimwemwe (chifundo ndi abwino ubale) N'zochititsa chidwi yang'anani kupyolera mu prism ntchito za Tolstoy, "Pambuyo mpirawo." Zochita za wolota ( "White Mausiku") mu kuwala kwa nkhaniyi makamaka mpumulo. Wopandamalire kulekana ndi moyo ndi maganizo Dostoevsky khalidwe wosiyana kwambiri ndi mmene amakondera chibadidwe chikondi cha ntchito achinyamata Tolstoy a. Iye mosiyana woyamba amatenga yofunika, zosankha zikuluzikulu. Mene kudzera mmakhalidwe awo ndi ngwazi ya Dostoevsky. Pakuti iye penapake kumbali pali dziko kunja. maloto Yoyenera - yekha cholinga kupanga chinthu makamaka, monga momwe poyerekeza khalidwe wamasomphenya ( "White Mausiku") ndi "amapasa" munkhaniyi "Pambuyo mpira". amaganiza iliyonse - chizindikiro cha zosowa mwamsanga kusamvetsetsa, kusungulumwa zauzimu, chifukwa cha maganizo a kupatuka kwa dziko, chimene chikutsimikizira munthu. F. Dostoevsky ( "White Mausiku") koma akumvetsa ndi ngwazi osati adzautsutsa.