Zida zomanga nyumba. Kodi ndi bwino kusankha zinthu zomanga nyumba?

Mwini wabwino aliyense posachedwa adzayang'ane ndi mtundu uliwonse wa zomangamanga. Winawake akumanga garaja, wina akusamba, ndipo ena akuyesetsa kumanga nyumba yodziimira pawokha. Ndiye funso likubwera kuti ndibwino kuti musankhe zinthu zomanga nyumbayo.

Gawo lalikulu la zomangamanga ndi kuphatikiza maziko, komanso kumanga makoma. Kwa mwini aliyense ndikofunikira kuti mawonekedwe a mawonekedwe apamwamba akhale okwera, makomawa ndi ofunda, amphamvu, ndipo kawirikawiri ndalama zogwirira ntchito sizinali zazikulu.

Zida zotchuka kwambiri pomanga nyumba

Msika wamakono wamakono ndi wolemera komanso wosiyana. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane zipangizo zisanu zapamwamba zomwe zimapezeka popanga nyumba.

• Chipinda chophatikiza chidutswa chimodzi.
• Chipikacho chatsekedwa.
• Njerwa.
• Zovuta.
• Zowonjezera kutentha.

Kodi mungapereke chiyani? Mwini aliyense amatenga chisankho ichi mosiyana, koma pa izi ndizothandiza kuphunzira zonse zomwe zimapindulitsa ndi zoyipa za zidazo.

Mtengo

Zipangizo zamatabwa zomangira nyumba masiku ano zakhala zotchuka kwambiri. Makoma a nkhuni ali otsika matenthedwe conductivity, koma khola kutentha mphamvu. Ngakhalenso nyumbayo isapsere kwa kanthawi, ndi uvuni ukugwira ntchito, condensate yomwe imapanga imalowa mu mtengo. Pambuyo pake kutentha kumatulutsa chinyezi, ndipo wapadera, yabwino microclimate imalengedwa mu chipinda. Kawirikawiri pomanga coniferous mitundu (pine, spruce, fir, larch, mkungudza) amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuphatikiza pa bwalo lopangidwa ndi chidutswa chodziwika kwambiri, zipika zozungulira, zamtengo wapatali, matabwa nthawi zonse, ndi kuzizira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Chipinda chophatikiza chidutswa chimodzi

Zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zapatsidwa chithandizo chapadera. Mu mtengo wopangidwa, nkhuni zimakhuta kwambiri, chifukwa cha izi, nyumbazi zimakhala zolimba, osati zowonongeka ndi zachilengedwe.

Ngakhale m'zaka zapitazi, posankha kumaliza ndi kumanga zipangizo, nthawi zambiri palibe aliyense amene anaima pamtambo wofiira. Pamene akumanga makoma, zoyenera kulumikiza zinali zoyenera. Tsopano, chifukwa cha matekinoloje amakono, mipiringidzo imakonzedwa pa makina m'njira yoti amangokwanira bwino, mipata pakati pawo ndi yochepa.

Zinthu zamakono zokometsetsazi sizotsika kwambiri. Makoma amakhala ndi kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali mkati, amatha kukhazikitsidwa m'masiku ena. Mafuta osasunthika, osakanizidwa pa makina amakulolani kuti musonkhanitse nyumba, ngati mapepala.

Zolemba zimatsekeka

Phunzirani zipangizo zomangira nyumba, samalani ndi lolembalo. Mofanana ndi matabwa, nyumbayi imapangidwa kuchokera ku mitundu ya coniferous. Mosiyana ndi yoyamba, lolemba lozungulira limakuthandizani kumanga nyumba zowonjezereka, zonse chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake. Kumanga zida zozungulira kumachitiranso kanthawi kochepa.

Njerwa

Zomangamanga zofunidwa kwambiri zowonjezera makoma ndi njerwa. Nyumba zomanga njerwa zikuwoneka bwino, zimakhala zamphamvu, zamphamvu, komanso zachilengedwe.

Lime njerwa. Nyumbayi ndi yowoneka bwino. Nyumba za njerwa zikhoza kukhala kwa zaka zambiri.

Njerwa yamdima. Nthawi zonse ankawoneka ngati chizindikiro cha chinachake chokhazikika, chosatha. Njerwa yotere yawonjezera nyonga, chisanu chakumana, chitetezo chokwanira ku zoopsa za mlengalenga. Komabe, maonekedwe a matenthedwe a zomangamanga nthawi zonse samakwaniritsa zoyembekeza.

Kwa kumanga nyumba zodalirika, zipangizo zapamwamba zapamwamba zimayenera. Mafakitale a njerwa amapereka chuma chamtengo wapatali cha zinthu zawo, zomwe zingagawidwe m'magulu atatu:

1. Njerwa zonse, zimaphatikizapo mitundu yotsatirayi: zovomerezeka-zogwira mtima, zodziwika, zogwira mtima.
2. Njerwa zazitali, gawo la voids mwa iwo lifikira 40%. Kukumana ndi malonda ndilo gawoli.
3. Njerwa zamatope, komanso miyala ya njerwa. Kutentha kwautenthesi wa gululi ndi chifukwa cha maonekedwe a uchi.

Zoipa, ubwino wa njerwa

Paulendo, makamaka mtunda wautali, pang "ono yaing'ono yowonongeka imataya msika wawo, zipangizo za njerwa zomangira malinga a nyumba zikuphwanyika. Mtengo wawo ndi wapamwamba kwambiri.

Luso la njerwa kuti lisunge kutentha ndilochepa kwambiri kuposa la mtengo. Makoma amamangidwa kuchokera ku njerwa yogwira bwino kapena yowonongeka nthawi zonse amafunika kusindikiza kwina. Vutoli limathetsedwa ndi njira zitatu: chotsitsimutsa mpweya wokwanira - kukhazikitsa njira yowonongeka yotsitsimutsa, mawonekedwe otentha omwe amatsekemera, ndi makoma atatu okhala ndi zitsulo zotentha.

Nyumba yamatabwa imakhala yabwino. Chojambulachi "chimapuma", chimapereka mpweya, ndipo nthawi yomweyo chimakhala ndi mphamvu yotentha. Pambuyo Kutentha, makoma a njerwa amakhala ndi kutentha kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo pang'onopang'ono amapereka kuchipinda.

Zovuta

Ngati mukusowa zapamwamba komanso panthawi imodzimodzi yomanga zipangizo zomangira nyumba, mvetserani zofooka.

Penoblokam zikhalidwe zofanana ndi kutentha, kuthamanga kwakukulu, kuchepa. Madontho otentha kwambiri samakhudza makoma, omwe amamangidwa kuchokera ku chithovu. Samasokoneza kapena kukulitsa. Mkati mwa unit pali mpweya wambiri umene umapangitsa zotsatira za kutsekemera kwa kutentha. Kuyerekezera: mabokosi a konkirekiti amachititsa kutentha kwapadera katatu kusiyana ndi konkire yeniyeni. Nkhaniyi ndi yabwino yokha kumanga makoma akuluakulu, komanso mkatikati. Chifukwa cha izi, zokongola zonse zimateteza kutentha. Zojambula za konkire sizifuna zina zowonjezera. Kutentha kwa ndalama kumachepa kwambiri, pafupifupi 30%.

Mapulogalamu a chithovu cha konkire

• Chifukwa cha kulemera kwake, kuponderezedwa kwa maziko kumachepa.
• Kusunga kumapeto. Ndikokwanira kokwapaka makoma, kuyala sikofunikira.
• Kuchepetsa kugwira ntchito mwamphamvu. Mmodzi wa makilogalamu 15 a mthunzi amalowetsa njerwa 20, cholemera chonsecho ndi 80 kg.
• Kutupa kwasunthira konkire ya konkire ili ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri zotsekemera.
• Zida zoterezi zogwiritsa ntchito njerwa zimabala zambiri. Kutchuka kwa chithovu kumatukula tsiku ndi tsiku.
• Ndi chiyanjano cha chilengedwe, nkhaniyi ili ngati mtengo. Chipindacho chimasungidwa bwino pa chinyezi, makomawo amapuma. Mosiyana ndi nkhuni, timatabwa sizowola, sizikutentha, ndipo sizimatentha, ngati chitsulo.
• Konamenti ya foam imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kutentha kotentha, imayima kutentha (mpaka madigiri +400).
• Mizere ndi yosavuta kuthana nayo ndi zipangizo zamanja zamakono.

Kuipa kwa chithovu konkire

Tikasankha zipangizo za makoma a nyumba, timayesa kuphunzira osati ubwino wokha, koma komanso zovuta, ndizo zowonjezera konkire. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Kutengeka kwa nkhaniyo.
• Mzere uliwonse wa khoma uyenera kulimbikitsidwa.
• Foam konkire mwamsanga imatenga chinyezi, izi zimachepetsa kutentha conductivity.
• Pofuna kupewa damps, muyenera kupanga kutseka madzi, kutetezera chitsimikizo pakati pa maziko ndi makoma.
• Mapulogalamu apamwamba a chithovu konkire. Imafuna cholepheretsa mpweya.

Dongosolo la thermo panels

Ngati mukusowa zipangizo zamakono zokhala ndi nyumba, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kumvetsera mafano a wireframe a thermo. Ubwino wa zinthu izi ndi monga kutsika kwautentheti, mphamvu yamagulu ndi msonkhano wotsogolera. Zochepa ndi kusowa kwa chilengedwe.

Masentimita otentha lero amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pomaliza nyumba zowonongeka. Mapangidwe awo ali extruded polystyrene thovu (mu gawo la kutentha-kutsegula gawo) ndi clinker matani. Malo ogwirira ntchito amalola kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi opangira nyumba pomanga zipangizo zamakono ku Canada. Zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri za chida ichi, zomwe zimapereka zofuna zambiri, zimaphatikizapo kupezeka kwa chinyezi, kutsika kwa kutentha kwapansi, mphamvu yapamwamba yotsitsimutsa ndi mphamvu, kukana moto ndi zotsatira zake zonse. Nkhaniyi ndi yosavuta kukhazikitsa ndikupitiriza kugwira ntchito.

Kutsirizitsa ndi kumanga zipangizo zowakhazikitsa makoma a nyumba ziyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse zamakono, ndiye kukonza kudzakondweretsa eni ake kwa zaka zambiri. Mafilimu opanga mawonekedwe amapereka maonekedwe okongola, okongola, maonekedwe olimba kwa nyumbayo. Ndi chifukwa chake nkhaniyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyumba zazing'ono. Chipinda cha nyumbayi, chomwe chinamangidwa pa teknoloji ya ku Canada, chotsirizidwa ndi makina opangidwa ndi clinker, amawoneka ngati njerwa yosalala, yopanda chilema.

Ngati nyumbayi ili ndi thermo panels, kutaya kwa dzuwa kumachepetsedwa ndi 30% mwakamodzi, zonse chifukwa cha gawo limene liri ndi extruded polystyrene foam. Matayala a Clinker akugwirizana ndi chimbudzi choponderezedwa ndi glue-duty glue. Kudula kokongola kwa pepala yowonjezeredwa polystyrene kumapangitsa kupanga docking yapamwamba kwambiri. Kuti facade ikhale yomaliza, zinthu zina zowonjezera zingagulidwe kuphatikizapo makina akuluakulu kuti azikongoletsera pamakona.

Tinapereka zipangizo zamakono kwambiri m'msika wamakono. Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito, ndi zinthu ziti zomanga nyumba, zopatsa mtengo, chilengedwe, makhalidwe abwino kapena zidziwitso, mumasankha nokha.