Wolemba Lyuis Kerroll: MBIRI, dzina lenileni, zilandiridwenso

Lewis Carroll mbiri imene tsiku masamba ndi mafunso ambiri yowutsa mudyo, imapereka Mipikisano faceted ndi luso munthu. Izi wokhoza masamu, ndi wolemba luso. Ntchito za wolemba anajambula oposa 100 mafilimu ku Mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

England Place la Kubadwa

M'ma 19 anatchuka chifukwa geniuses zambiri, chimodzi mwa izo kudziwika kwa onse - Lyuis Kerroll. yonena lake chimayamba m'mudzi kwabasi wa Daresbury, amene anali gawo la Cheshire. M'nyumba ya wansembe Charles Dodgson basi anali ndi ana 11. Wolemba tsogolo dzina lake polemekeza atate wake, iye anabadwa pa January 27, 1832 ndi zaka 12 maphunziro kunyumba. Kenako ananditumiza ku sukulu payekha, kumene anaphunzitsidwa mpaka 1845, kuphatikiza. Zaka 4 anakhala mu Rugby. Bungwe ili iye anali osasangalala, koma anasonyeza zikayenda luso la Khalidwe la masamu ndi mawu a Mulungu. Mu 1950 iye analembetsa Khristu Gahena mu 1851 kunditumiza ku Oxford.

Home ndi ana onse ubwenzi mutu wa banja, ndipo ntchito ngati masewera osangalatsa. Kuti bwino kufotokoza kuti ana ndizosowa kulemba ndi ochuluka, bambo anga zinthu monga Chess ndi makumi ntchito. Maphunziro malamulo ngati phwando tisangalale, komwe ndi "chosiyana tiyi" ndi mitu ya ana anaikidwa chidziwitso. Pamene Charles wamng'ono anali mu sukulu ya galamala, sayansi zinali zosavuta, iye analemekeza, ndi kuphunzira zosangalatsa. Koma kuphunzira wotsatira wa sayansi zosangalatsa anali atapita, ndipo panali zochepa bwino. Kuti Oxford, iye ankaona avareji wophunzira mphamvu wabwino koma makuponi.

dzina latsopano

The nkhani ndi ndakatulo loyamba anayamba kulemba ku koleji pansi pa pseudonym Lyuis Kerroll. Wambiri kubadwa kwa dzina latsopano ndi losavuta. mnzake ndi wofalitsa Yates analangiza chabe kusintha kalata yoyamba, kuti zinachitikira bwino kumvetsera. Pakhala maganizo angapo, koma Charles anaima pa lalifupi fomu iyi, ndipo ambiri Chofunika, zosavuta ana katchulidwe. ntchito yake mu masamu, anafalitsa pansi dzina lake lenileni Charles Lutwidge Dodgson.

Masamu ndi logician

Ku koleji anali wotopetsa wolemba. Koma Iye sadamlandire digiri yoyamba liri lofewa, ndi mpikisano mu kuwerenga masamu kukondera nkhani anapambana mpata wophunzitsa Inde pa Khristu Gahena. zaka 26 Charlz Dodzhson anakhala Euclidean Masamu, ajebura ndi mphasa. kusanthula mozama chidwi mchiphunzitso cha Mwina ndi masamu masamu. Pafupifupi mwangozi njira ina determinants kompyuta (Dodgson condensation).

Pali maganizo awiri pa zochitika zawo sayansi. Ena amakhulupirira kuti sanali kubweretsa zopereka ndi chidwi, koma kuphunzitsa wabweretsa yodalirika ndiponso luso kuchita zimene iye amakonda. Koma akukhulupirira kuti kupambana kwa Ch. L. Dodzhsona m'munda wa kaganizidwe, monga patsogolo kwa sayansi masamu a nthawi. Development zosankha chosavuta sorit anauyamba "Lophiphiritsira Zomveka", ndi buku lachiwiri kale kusinthidwa kwa maganizo mwanayo ndipo ankatchedwa "chithunzi masewera."

Odzodzedwa ndi kuyenda mu Russia

Ku koleji, Charlz Dodzhson ndinadzozedwa dikoni. Chifukwa cha ichi azilalikira, koma sizikugwira ntchito mu parishi ya. Pa nthawi imeneyo kunali chitukuko cha kulankhula English Church ndi Russian Orthodox. Ndi tchuthi wodzipereka kwa 50 tili chikumbutso anakhala pa Moscow Metropolitan Filaret dipatimenti, wolemba ndi wazamulungu Diakon Charlz ndi Genri Liddonom tinaitanidwa Russia. Dodgson kwenikweni anasangalala ulendo. Kugwira ntchito yawo pa misonkhano lovomerezeka ndi zochitika, anapita kumalo osungirako zinthu zakale, lolembedwa zidindo za mizinda ndi anthu. Ena mawu mu Russian anapanga kwa "Travel Diary". Ilo silinali buku buku, koma ndi munthu, amene zimaikidwa pambuyo pa imfa yake.

Chibwenzi Russian ndi English, kukambirana kupyolera mwa omasulira ndi kuyenda mwamwayi kuzungulira mzindawo anasiya kukhomerezeka kwakukulu pa dikoni wamng'ono. Pamaso (ndipo pambuyo) sanali kwina kulikonse, kupatula maulendo kawirikawiri kuti London ndi Bath.

Lyuis Kerroll. Wambiri mwa wolemba

Mu 1856, Charles anakumana ndi banja la watsopano College Dean Henry Liddell (osati kusokonezedwa ndi dikoni, ndi anthu osiyana). Iwo amayamba amphamvu ubwenzi. maulendo kawirikawiri kubweretsa pamodzi Dodgson ndi anthu onse m'banjamo, koma makamaka mwana wamng'ono Alice, amene anali ndi zaka 4 zokha. Mwaufulu, wodekha ndi mokondwera m'mutu atsikana amakopeka wolemba. Lyuis Kerroll, amene ntchito kale Magazini zikuluzikulu monga "Times Akanema a nthabwala" ndi "Phunzitsani" wapeza imasonkhezera latsopano.

Mu 1864 anafalitsa ntchito koyamba za lowoneka Alice. Pambuyo ulendo Russia Carroll amalenga chachiwiri nkhani zosaiŵalika khalidwe waukulu, amene anaonekera mu 1871. kalembedwe wolemba anapita mu mbiri monga "mtundu wa kerrellovsky". Nthano "Alice mu ochititsa chidwi" linalembedwa ana, koma apambananso azilandira ndi mafani onse maloto mtundu wanyimbo. wolemba ntchito nthabwala ndi akatswiri a masamu nkhaniyo. mankhwala wakhala tingachipeze powerenga ndi chitsanzo zabwino chotheka, ndi nkhani Kapangidwe ka kanthu anali ndi mphamvu pa chitukuko cha luso la nthawi. Lyuis Kerroll analenga azimuth latsopano mu mabuku.

mabuku awiri

Nthano "Alice mu ochititsa chidwi" - ali mbali yoyamba ya ulendo wa. chiwembu limafotokoza nkhani ya mtsikana amene akuyesera kuti andipeze ndi kalulu oseketsa mu chipewa ndi thumba wotchi. Kudzera mdzenje, iye igwera mu holo, kumene ambiri zitseko yaing'ono. Kuti akalowetsedwe ku munda ndi maluwa, mothandizidwa ndi Alice zimakupiza amachepetsa kukula. Mu dziko wizarding, iye wakumana ndi mbozi umo_mosangalala, oseketsa anzeru Cheshire Cat, komanso zoipa Duchess, amene amakonda kuwaza mitu. Alice Pa misala tiyi chipani ndi March kalulu ndi Hatter. The heroine munda kamakhala yodziwa alonda khadi, amene repainted maluwa ofiira. Pambuyo masewera a croquet ndi mfumukazi Alice afika pa bwalo, kumene iye ankasewera ngati mboni. Koma mwadzidzidzi mtsikana akuyamba kukula, anthu onse akatembenuka kadi ndi maloto umatha.

Patapita zaka zingapo, wolemba mabuku gawo lachiwiri mu pseudonym Lyuis Kerroll. "Alice mu ochititsa chidwi" - ulendo mwa galasi ndi kuyang'ana dziko lina, limene ndi chessboard. Apa, heroine likumanenso White King, akulankhula maluwa, ndi Red Mfumukazi, ndi Humpty Dumpty ndi anthu ena nthano, prototypes wa Chess.

A kusanthula mwachidule mabuku Alice

Lyuis Kerroll, amene mabuku akhoza kukodzedwa mu mavuto masamu ndi nzeru zaumunthu, ntchito yake, kuyesera kufunsa mafunso ovuta. Zouluka Kalulu mwa dzenje akuchedwa ake amatikumbutsa chiphunzitso ndi mathamangitsidwe kucheperachepera malo lapansi. Pamene Alice anati tebulo chulutsa, Taylor ntchito chiphunzitso chimene 4x5 kwenikweni wofanana 12. Ndipo kuchepetsa ndi kuwonjezeka mu atsikana ndi kuopa (monga zilibe kutha) angapezeke E. Whittaker kuphunzira kusintha kwa chilengedwe chonse.

Fungo la tsabola mu nyumba ya Duchess - amanena chitsatidwe chenicheni ndi chinthu chimodzimodzi wa chikhalidwe cha Hostess lapansi. Ndi chikumbutso cha zizolowezi osauka tsabola chakudya amabisa kukoma nyama wotchipa. Kukangana sayansi ndi chikhalidwe chikuoneka bwinobwino mu chifanizo cha Cheshire Cat: "Ngati nthawi yaitali kupita, onetsetsani kuti penapake adzafika." Pa tiyi Carroll akupereka mawu amene mukufuna kudula wanu tsitsi lalitali Alice, Hatter khalidwe. Wolemba chi limanena kuti ndi chikhomo munthu ndi onse amene anali osakhutira ndi tsitsi la Charles mu moyo wake, chifukwa iye anali atavala tsitsi wautali kuposa analola mawonekedwe a nthawi.

Ndipo ichi ndi zitsanzo odziwika. Ndipotu, nthawi iliyonse mu Zopatsa wa Alice akhoza decomposed mu mkuluwiko zomveka kapena vuto nthanthi ndi maganizo a dziko.

anagwiranso Carroll

Lyuis Kerroll, amene makoti ntchito lero monga momwe Shakespeare anali woukira chobisika nthawi yake. "Bisani", ndiye iye anasonyeza kusagwirizana wake ndi malamulo m'dziko ophimbidwa barbs. Mwachitsanzo, tsitsi lalitali kwambiri.

• Izo zikanakhala zosiyanasiyana za kukumana munthu wololera!
• Moyo Ndithu lalikulu, koma osati kwambiri ...
• Nthawi sangathe kukhala!
• Zolondola zokhudza chinachake - kuchita zonse nokha.
• Makhalidwe ali paliponse - muyenera kuyang'ana!
• Chirichonse ndi zosiyana, izo nzabwino.
• Ngati inu fulumirani, inu kuphonya chozizwitsa.
• N'chifukwa chiyani munthu afunika kukhala ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri?
• Entertainment nzeru zofunikira pa moyo wa mzimu.

Wosamvera miseche 19 m'zaka

Lyuis Kerroll, amene mabuku Musataye kutchuka kwa Mfumukazi England ku sukulu Russian, anali wosungulumwa ndipo reclusive wa gulu la anthu. anthu aluso chinkhoswe kujambula, ndipo (ndi chilolezo cha amayi) za kukongola wamng'ono anajambula maliseche a kusonkhanitsa wake. Mu moyo ndi ku koleji, Charlz Dodzhson Anatseka, chibwibwi ndipo sanazimve mu khutu limodzi. Kuikidwa sanamulole kukwatira.

Pali anadzikaniza angapo kuti mphekesera anabadwa koma moyo pamene wolemba. Inde, iye anamverera olephera ndi chifukwa chake akazi kupewa msinkhu wake. atsikana onse amene analankhula, anali wamkulu kuposa zaka 14. Nthawi imeneyo, ndi dona wamng'ono kukafuna mkwatibwi. Mu Maulendo a akazi palibe lingaliro zachipongwe. Ndipo ambiri a iwo mwapadera yafupika msinkhu wake, kuti kusweka. Mwana akamakambirana momasuka mwamuna ndi mkazi sangakhale abwino.