Banja la buttercups: wamkulu khalidwe, oimira

Banja la buttercups limaphatikizapo maonekedwe ndi maonekedwe osiyanasiyana a zomera, makamaka m'mayiko omwe ali ndi nyengo yozizira komanso yozizira. Amakhalanso kudera lamapiri. Banja la buttercups, khalidwe lachidziŵitso ndi kufotokozera omwe akuimira omwe ali pansipa, akuphatikizapo zomera zonse zakupha, komanso zomera ndi zokongola. Mitundu ina imatchulidwa mu Bukhu Loyera.

Banja la buttercups: zodziwika bwino

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za zomera za banja la buttercups zimakhudzidwa kunja ndi zizindikiro za ziwalo za ziwalo. Makamaka, pakati pa oyimilira ndi osatha zomera zomwe zimakhala ndi masamba osasuntha opanda masamba.

Banja la buttercups limatanthauza maluwa, ndiko kuti, kwa maluwa. Maluwa, monga lamulo, ali olondola, akugonana. Kawirikawiri ndi maluwa a mtundu wa penta, koma pali zolakwika za chiwerengero cha sepals ndi petals. Makhalidwe a chiwerengero chachikulu cha stamens ndi pistils.

Chotengera chikugwirizanitsidwa ndi stamens ndi perianth pansi pa pestle. Kukwezera ndi kopanda. Corpuscular perianth ikhoza kukhala iwiri kapena yosavuta, nthawizina pamakhala zikhoza kukhala matikiti.

Banja la buttercups limadziwika ndi mtanda wozungulira pollination. Kuwotcha mungu sikuchitika kawirikawiri. Mtundu wa chipatso - mbewu kapena kapepala.

Kufalitsa

Chiphuphu chimakula pafupifupi kulikonse. Miyendo, minda, nkhalango - zonsezi ndi malo omwe akuyimira banja. Mitundu ya buttercotes imakhala ndi poizoni. Iwo amatha kuvulaza chiwerengero cha zakudya zam'mimba, zamoyo komanso nyama. Zizindikiro za poyizoni ndi kusanza, zotayirira, colic, kupsinjika, kuchepetsedwa kwa kutuluka. Ngati nyama idya buttercups kwambiri, ikhoza kupha, yomwe imachitika maola 6 mpaka 12 mutangoyamba kumene. Nkofunika kuti poyanika, katundu woopsa amataika.

Meaning

Banja la buttercups ndilochuluka, ndipo zomera zina zimayamikiridwa kwambiri m'munda (peony, aconite, clematis). Palinso zomera zamankhwala pakati pa oimira, mwachitsanzo, masika a Goricolus, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a mtima. Imodzi mwa masika oyambirira masika ndi golide wa golide, ndipo m'madambo mungapeze mtundu wa buttercup.

Mtundu wa buttercup ndiwo ambiri

Mtundu uwu ndi pafupifupi banja lonse la buttercups. Oimira a mtunduwu ndi ochuluka kwambiri - mitundu yoposa 300. Zitsulo za golidi zimakhala zowonongeka m'tsiku, ngati kuti zimayikidwa ndi batala, zomwe zimakopa anthu ambiri okhala m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Ngakhale kukongola kwa kunja, mitundu yambiri ya buttercup ndi namsongole. Ndipo n'zotheka kwambiri. Polimbana ndi iwo, udzuwu umakhala mwadzidzidzi. Mitengo imeneyi imapereka chitsanzo chokhalira osadalirika komanso kusintha kwa chilengedwe. Mwachitsanzo, muzilumba za Faroe, kumene mvula yamkuntho ikuyenda mofulumira, mafutawa amatha kupanga mapulaneti popanda kulandira tizilombo. Kupezeka kwawo kumeneko sikulepheretsa kufalikira kwa zomera izi.

N'zosavuta kuyankha funso la mtundu wa morphological wa mtundu wa buttercup. Ndi mtundu wotani wa banja, inu mukhoza kumvetsa dzina lake. Pogwiritsa ntchito mawu, zomera zambiri, ngakhale zazinthu zina, koma kukhala ndi makhalidwe a banja, gwiritsani ntchito dzina ili.

Chitetezo

Ndi udzu wamaluwa umene umamasula m'chaka. Mutha kukomana mumadambo mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn. Kutalika kwa mphukira kungakhale kosiyana kwambiri, kumasiyana ndi 20 cm mpaka 60 cm.

Ambiri omwe amaimira banja ndi caustic buttercup. Banja la zomera, ngakhale kuti ndilosiyana kwambiri, koma mtundu uwu ndi wowerengeka kwambiri, kuchokera ku kusintha kwa zinthu, kwa makolo akale.

Masamba ali ndi filament, ndi rhombic. Zomwe zili m'munsizi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mapeti otalika, ndi apamwamba mpaka pa petioles.

Moyenera zimayambira zimadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa tsitsi lopweteka ndi osakwatiwa maluwa komwe kumapeto kwa nthambi. Palibe phesi pa pedicels, koma pali tsitsi lofewa. Maluwa a mtundu asanuwo. Calyx ndi tsamba laufulu la masamba, ndipo mabala aulere ali ndi chikasu chowala. Pamunsi mwa phokosoli pali uchi wotsekemera, umene uli ndi chida.

Imodzi mwa zomera zoopsa kwambiri zinyama ndi buttercup. Banja likuphatikizapo mitundu ina yoopsa, koma chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa caustic buttercup, chomerachi chimayambitsa poizoni wa ziweto.

Makhalidwe abwino

Ponena za kuipa kwa munda, gwiritsani ntchito maina angapo: cornflower yamtundu, sokirka.

Amakula, monga lamulo, pakati pa nyengo yozizira, kawirikawiri - pakati pa masika. Mitundu ya ziweto ingapezenso m'minda yamadzi.

Duwalo silinali lolondola, buluu-violet, ndi kutulutsa. Ali pa tsinde mwa mawonekedwe a burashi wamba. Perianth imayimilidwa ndi sepals awiri achikuda ndi zipilala ziwiri. Mtanda wopulumukira, ndi kutenga nawo mbali tizilombo ta proboscis. Ndi chithandizo chawo, amapeza timadzi tokoma. Nthambi yachitsulo, kutalika kwake kumatha kufika masentimita 30. Masambawa ali atatu-ophatikizidwa ndi lobes ofanana. Zipatso ndi kapepala kakang'ono. Mbewu ili ndi mdima wofiira, kutalika kumatha kufika 2-5 mm. Kunja iwo ali ndi mamba woonda. Khalani ndi kulawa kowawa ndi katundu woopsa. Milandu ya poizoni ndi liveliness ndi kawirikawiri zochitika mu nkhosa.

Lumbago

Makhalidwe a zomera za mtundu wa lumbago amatsimikizira momwe banja la buttercups limasiyanasiyana. Oimira iwo akhoza kukhala namsongole (buttercup), ndi zomera zosawerengeka (lumbago). Kuyambira oyamba simudziwa kuchotsa, ndipo wachiwiri sakudziwa momwe angapulumutsire. Lumbago imayambira kumayambiriro kwa masika, chipale chofewa chikagwa. Motero dzina lachiwiri - chisanu cha chisanu. Choyamba, pamwamba pa nthaka imayamba kukwera duwa lalikulu lofiirira kapena lokasu ngati mawonekedwe a kapu ya vinyo. Zili pafupi kwambiri moti zingakhale zovuta kuziphwanya. Chomera chonse chophwanyika chimawoneka m'chimake, chomwe chimapangidwa ndi tsitsi lofewa. Izi zimakuthandizani kuteteza thupi lachikondi kukazizira. Tsiku ndi tsiku mwendo, womwe maluwawo ali, umatambasula mwamphamvu kwambiri. Masamba akuwoneka patapita nthawi. Mphamvu yopatsa moyo ya duwa imasungidwa phindu la zamasamba za chaka chatha, zomwe zimakhala ndi mizu yamphamvu, yosakanikirana yomwe imabisika pansi.

Lumbago imayenera kutetezedwa

M'mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya, chipindacho chakhala chosavuta kwambiri kuti chilengedwe chake chikhale chofanana ndi mtengo wa tigulu ku India. Lumbago ikuphatikizidwa apo mu Bukhu Loyera. Pali malo ambiri a lumbago ku Siberia. Kuti chiwerengero chawo chikhale pamtunda wapamwamba, asayansi a zachilengedwe akuphatikizapo chiwerengero chawo. Mbadwo wa chomera chirichonse mkati mwa gulu loyesera chinawerengedwa, magulu a achinyamata ndi achikulire anadziwika. Zotsatira za phunziroli zinali zokhumudwitsa kwambiri. Ambiri mwa anthu akale oposa achinyamata anali ofala. Kulongosola kwa izi kungakhale kosiyana kwambiri. Mwina chifukwa cha ichi ndi nambala yaing'ono ya tizilombo towononga tizilombo kumayambiriro kwa masika. Chifukwa chaichi, maluwawo sakhala ndi mungu wochepa, womwe umachepetsa chiwerengero cha zipatso. Malinga ndi buku lina, chikhalidwe chofiira cha udzu wa chaka chatha sichikuwonekera bwino, koma zofiira zofiira za maluwa a lumbago, mwachiwonekere, zimakondweretsa pamaso pa anthu a mumzindawu kuti akufuna kutenga gawo la nyumba yosangalala. Chimwemwe chosangalatsa, chokhala ndi mapangidwe apamwamba a masamba, salola "zowonongeka" zomera ziwonongeke, koma sichimabala zipatso. Kotero, palibe kubwezeretsanso kwa achinyamata. Pa nthawi yomweyo, chiwerengero cha zomera zakale chikuwonjezeka.

Maluwa a lumbago akulondola. Kutanthauza kuti, kudula mu magawo awiri, nthawi zonse mumakhala ndi magawo awiri ofanana.

Chinsinsi cha pafupi ndi lumbago ndi pine

Banja la buttercups, makamaka mtundu wa lumbago, linayamba kuphunzira kwa geobotanist I. Ilyinskaya. Anakonza bwinobwino chinsinsi chokhala pafupi ndi chipindacho ndi pine. Zikuoneka kuti tchire chofewa chosungunuka ndi chotetezera chapaini yapamwamba. I. Il'inskaya adachita kafukufuku wake m'nkhalango ya steppe. Mitengo ya pine imachotsedwa pamitengo yautali ndi mphepo kupita ku steppe zone, kumene kuli kovuta kuti iwo akhazikike. Makoswe ambiri amamwalira chifukwa cha dzuwa ndi chiwonongeko cha zomera zobiriwira. Koma pali malo osazolowereka mu steppe, kumene mitengo ya pinini imakongoletsedwera pakati pa sitima yopanda kanthu. Anapulumutsidwa ku dzuwa ndi kuwonongeka kwa zitsamba. Ndipo tchire la lumbago anawathandiza, omwe, ngati kamtengo kakang'ono kamtengo wa kanjedza, anapanga mthunzi, kotero ndi kofunika kuti mphukira zapine zikhale zofunika. Kulimbitsa, pini imakula mzimayi wake. Umu ndi mmene mapulitsi amatha kukhalira m'malo mwa namwali.

Aconite

Maluwa a aconite ndi osasintha. Chimodzi mwa ziwalozo chakula kwambiri moti chakhala chachikulu kwambiri kuposa china. Iye ali ngati chisoti, chifukwa chake m'mayiko ena amatchedwa "hood ya monk". Mu mtundu wa Aconite 60 mitundu. Zonsezi ndi zomera za kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Banja la buttercups, monga momwe likudziwikiratu, limadziwika ndi kuwala kwa maluwa. Aconite ndi chitsimikizo chimodzi chokha. Mu steppe, mtundu wa mtunduwu ndi wachikasu, mu taiga - buluu ndi violet. Kutalika kwa mphukira kumtunda pakati pa mapiri, komwe, chifukwa cha chipale chofewa, dothi silimaundana, likhoza kufika mamita 2-3. Ndiye inu mukhoza kuyang'ana pa izo zokha kuchokera pansi. Mitengo ya aconite, ngati nkhalango yamtengo wapatali, ndi yamdima komanso yonyowa. Mdima uwu salola kuti zinyama zizikula. Nthaka ili ndi masamba ogwa a aconite. Tsinde la pamwamba limatha ndi galasi lalikulu la maluwa ofanana ndi chisoti: kuchokera pansipa pali zazikulu, zikuphuka, ndi pamwamba - zimakhalabe masamba. Kukhulupilika kwa kubereka kumaperekedwa ndi nthawi zosiyanasiyana zokolola.

Kulima kwa nthawi yaitali kuyamikira kukongola kwa aconite. Alenje ku Himalaya amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oopsa a aconite, m'malo mwawo amakhala ndi curare. Gawo komanso pamwambaground, kotero, simungakhoze kusiya maluwa aakulu m'nyumba kwa nthawi yaitali. Kukhalapo kwa poizoni mu zomera ndi chitsimikizo cha chitetezo chawo, chitetezo choletsa kudya ndi ziweto. Koma pali kusiyana pakati pa oimira nyama. Mtedza wa aconite umakonda kudya pika (rodent, yofanana ndi gologologolo). M'nyengo ya chilimwe, pikas kudula aconite zimayambira mpaka muzu, ngati owaza mitengo anagwa mitengo. Uku ndiko kukolola kwawo kozizira. Pikas amadula zimayambira, zomwe zimawomba.

Gorisvety

Chitsamba chokhalitsa cha banja la buttercup ndi maluwa a phiri. Amasinthiratu zowonongeka pa zochitika zowona, zolimbikitsa kuchita chilichonse chophwanya m'chilengedwe chomwe chimabweretsa munthu. Gorisvet ndi wokhala pa steppes, yomwe imayambitsa kutalika kwa zomera (osapitirira 50 cm). Masamba ndi omwe amapezeka ku malowa - ndi magawo ang'onoang'ono, pafupifupi ulusi, ngati karoti. Maluwawo ndi okongola, golide ndi mtundu. Chiwerengero cha petals chimasiyana ndi zidutswa 15 mpaka 20, pali ambiri stamens ndi pistils. Maluwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu pharmacology. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga madontho a mtima. Koma steppes amalima, ndipo chiwerengero cha mitengo yamapiri imachepa. Iye anayesa kukula pa kama, koma, tsoka, apo iye sanazolowere. Choncho, zigawo za steppe, kumene mtundu wa phiri umasungidwa, ziyenera kusamalidwa mosamala.

Makhalidwe a banja la buttercups sakanakhala opanda malire popanda kusonyeza kusiyana kwake. Chiwerengero cha genera mu banja lino chifikira makumi asanu, ndi zamoyo - zoposa 2000. Izi ndizo zitsamba zambiri, nthawi zambiri - zitsamba zatsamba. Kapangidwe ka nkhuni (kachiwiri) ndi khalidwe lokha la mitundu yambiri.