Westminster Abbey - wapadera achifumu mpingo

Westminster Abbey ili m'mphepete kumpoto kwa mtsinjewu pafupi ndi Nyumba ya Malamulo ku London, mwina yotchuka kwambiri amonke English, monga Holyrood ku Scotland, Escorial ku Spain. Pa nthawi yomweyo angatchedwe m'malo malo mbiri kuposa chipembedzo. Popeza 1066 ndi coronation onse a mafumu British, kupatulapo Edward V (anaphedwa) ndi Edward VIII (antchito), anali mmenemo. Komanso amatumikira monga manda a olamulira ambiri a Chingerezi, andale, otchuka mbiri, kanjedza chikhalidwe, olemekezeka, Chimonko.

Westminster Abbey ndi munadzaza ndi mafano, zipilala, sarcophagi, manda ambiri kukakhala mu malo woongoka chifukwa cha kusowa malo. Okwana pali anaika anthu 3300, pakati pawo Dzheffri Choser, Genri Persell, Robert Bleyk, Charles Darwin, Isaak Nyuton, Rudyard Kipling, Alfred Tennyson, David Livingstone, Uilyam Uilberfors, ukapolo linathetsedwa mu United Kingdom. Chiyambireni cha m'ma XX anthu ambiri anayamba cremate akufa. The yoyambirira ija inali thupi la wosewera, ndi tragedian Sir Henry Irving. Popeza 1936, kale palibe amene anaikidwa m'manda mu bokosi. Yekha ndi Duke la Northumberland, kukhala manda ake Abbey ku.

Tsiku chipilala yakale imeneyi si ndendende kumatanthauza. Choncho, Bede silitchula, koma mwambo oyambirira makhalidwe maziko ake Sebert, Mfumu ya Essex. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma chiwiri, pamene mu madambo pafupi London, pa bwinja la Kachisi wa Apollo, anali kumangira mpingo wa St. Peter, pa malo a imene tsopano Westminster Abbey. History akutiuza kuti mozizwitsa anali opatulidwira ndi Petro Woyera. Ndithudi, izi ndi chabe nthano, amene anaonekera ina, koma kuti obisika analipo pa malo m'nthawi ya chitatu, chimatsimikizira hayala Mfumu Offa. , Iye anatchula Westminster, mwina kusiyanitsa izo kwa Mpingo wa St. Paul. Palinso umboni wina, Mulimonsemo, tingakhulupirire kuti pamene Eduard Ispovednik anayamba kumanga mpingo mu kalembedwe Romanesque mu 1055, kupereka okha malo m'manda ku mwambo wachipembedzo, panali kale chidina zofunika, ndipo panali gulu la Benedicto Chimonko.

Zomangamanga pa moyo wa Edward siinamalizidwe (yekha mu 1090), koma kuunikira unachitikira mu December 28, 1065, sabata asanamwalire mfumu. Nthawi yathu isanafike kuchokera m'nyumba yakale litetezedwe ndiponso kufufuza. chifaniziro chake chokha akuonetsedwa pa amapereka Bayeux. Westminster Abbey maonekedwe kwakukulukulu kunayamba zaka 1245-1272. Ndiye Henry III anaganiza kuimanganso pa kalembedwe Gothic. Kenako, anawonjezera kuti: Chapel a Henry VII Chinawonjezeka pakati pa zaka 1503 ndi 1512, nsanja ziwiri kumadzulo zinamangidwa mu 1745, ntchito yomanga pakhomo kumpoto anamaliza m'zaka za m'ma XIX.

The nave wa Abbey, amene m'nyumba manda a msirikali wosadziwika, ndi yayikulu kwambiri England. Thupi la munthu wosadziwika msilikali British anaphedwa pa nkhondo World Ine, naikidwa pa November 11, pamodzi ndi kuikidwa m'manda mofanana ndi msilikali French mu Arc de Triomphe ku Paris. Ichi ndi manda woyamba wa Msilikali Unknown.

Westminster Abbey Sikunakhalepo tchalitchi (zogona bishopu), koma zimene amatchedwa Royal achilendo ( "wapadera achifumu mpingo"). kachisi subordinated mwachindunji kwa mfumu British. Kuwonjezera izo, udindo uwu panopa kusangalala tchalitchi cha St. George mu Windsor (Berkshire).

Westminster Abbey, ulaliki umene kwake zinenero zosiyanasiyana pa malo ake mulinso kowonera zakale kumene akusonyeza masks imfa ya mibadwo yonse ya banja lachifumu, munda mseri (Collegiate Garden), lotseguka kwa anthu ena Lachiwiri ndi Lachinayi madzulo, obisika, anayambitsa m'zaka za m'ma XIII. Khomo ambiri mipando mfulu.