Wabwino Tirhana, Museum wa Kazan. Kazan osungirako zakale

Kunyada kwa dziko la Tatarstan ndi lonse la Chitaganya cha Russia Ndithu Kazan zakale. List of maofesi mbiri ndi zamakono za likulu Chinthu chochititsa chidwi mu amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira zosiyanasiyana, zopereka chachikulu ndi toyesa osowa.

Kazan owonetsera zakale ensembles

Mu likulu la Tatarstan lero pali pafupifupi 40 a boma ndi ena maofesi mbiri. Akuti waukulu Mipikisano dziko mapulani ndi Kazan owonetsera zakale. List ya boma maofesi waukulu ankaimira zotsatirazi misonkhano mbiri:

- Gallery "Hazine";
- National Museum;
- Center "Hermitage" ndi ena.

Wa waukulu zokopa chikhalidwe cha mzinda waima Wabwino Tirhana Museum (Kazan). Uku ndi mmodzi wa khumi ambiri anapita ensembles mbiri Russian. Komabe, wakuti likulu ndi mapulani ndi luso malo "Kazan Kremlin", wodziwika kutali kunja Tatarstan. Kuyambira zakale nthambi ya mzinda kungakhale wolemekezeka zikutipatsa mbiri ya statehood, komanso khamu la History Natural ndi chikumbutso zovuta za Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo. M'zaka zaposachedwapa kukhala otchuka kwambiri chionetsero maholo wa chikhalidwe cha Chisilamu.

Kazan zakale yunivesite ali otchuka ndi okonda mbiri ndi ethnology. Izi zomera nthaka dzina Shtukenberg ndi Zoological Assembly iwo. Eversmann, ndi Botanical Garden pa mayunivesite likulu, ndi anthu ena ambiri. Komanso, musakhale wabisa kuunikila thunthu la holo chionetsero ndi Museum Archaeology University Kazan.

Kuyambira zopereka patokha otchuka pakati alendo ndi Pinakothek K. Vasilyeva, kuphwa-Chikumbutso Sharif Kamal, kunyumba V. I. Lenina, tambirimbiri mabuku Lva Tolstogo ndi Alekseya Gorkogo.

Yakale gulu loyimba za "Kazan Kremlin"

Lamavutoli mapulani akuti ndi waukulu kukopa kwa Tatarstan. Litatha osati miyambo mtundu wa anthu a m'deralo komanso chizindikiro cha anthu Russian.

Masiku ano, gulu loyimba zikuphatikizapo ngati Kazan owonetsera zakale (onani chithunzi. Mmunsimu), monga mfuti pabwalo, Cathedral wa Annunciation ndi, Chiwalitsiro ansembe yotchedwa, cadet sukulu. Wotchuka kwambiri pakati alendo ndi anthu am'deralo mu boma la Russia ndi Kul-Sharif Mosque ndi Nyumba ya bwanamkubwa. Zonse zovuta zakale ali pafupifupi 1,500 mamita lalikulu. m. Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro ndi Kazan Kremlin Suyumbike nsanja. Komabe, chikhalidwe nkhokwe gulu loyimba satanthauza. Izi mulinso zinthu zochititsa chidwi zosiyanasiyana mbiri, zikumbutso, tambirimbiri luso ndi malo chitukuko. Dziwani kuti mu msonkhano Kazan Kremlin ndi ambiri zipilala XII-XX zaka.

Ntchito yomanga zovuta anayamba m'zaka za chakhumi. Pa nthawi imeneyo, boma la Russia wakhala monga malire kumudzi wa Volga Bulgaria. Pafupi ndi atumwi XIII zovuta anakhala pakati pa Khanate wa Golden gulu. Pambuyo pa adani a likulu la asilikali Ivana Groznogo boma la Russia wakhala kuonongeka kwakukulu, koma posakhalitsa, ndi dongosolo la mfumu, ntchito yobwezeretsa anayamba. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka XVII-XVIII Kazan gulu loyimba anakhala likulu la dera Volga. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo anayamba kuphunzira Kremlin kukula.

Today pa dera la gulu loyimba mbiri akhoza kutenga aliyense, koma kuona zowoneka onse tsiku limodzi n'zosatheka.

The Museum National la Tatarstan

Republican sayansi-mbiri lovuta Kazan linakhazikitsidwa m'chaka cha 1895. Chigawo choyambachi zakale wake otchuka katswiriyo A. Likhachev. Pakali pano, Museum National (Kazan) ali ndi katundu okhazikika pafupifupi 1 miliyoni zidutswa wapadera wa mbiri ndi chikhalidwe. Opindula waukulu anali asayansi ndi ofukula Metropolitan University.

Zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho chidali ndi zinthu Ananyinsky zofukulidwa pa manda, mipukutu yakale, gulu la ndalama wakale wa golide, Zolembedwa woyamba ndi memorabilia olemba Chitata. The Museum National ali zosiyanasiyana maholo themed ndi tambirimbiri wodzipereka kwa zachilengedwe sayansi, ethnography zinthu zakale, nyimbo. Republican zovuta ili mu nyumba kale linkatchedwa Gostiny Dvor. maonekedwe ake unakhazikitsidwa m'zaka za m'ma lomaliza. Pa nthawi, m'nyumbayi ndi likulu la malo onse mbiri ya Tatarstan, ndipo nthambi 14 m'dziko lonselo. Komiti okhazikika Katswiri kukhala ambiri asayansi amene amayang'anira ntchito zovuta kwambiri.

Museum National of Wabwino Tirhana

Pushkin Museum ndi chimodzi cha chuma waukulu wa luso lakalekale ndi chi latsopano la Russia. ISO-Museum (Kazan) unakhazikitsidwa mu 1958 ndi dongosolo la Utumiki wa Culture. Maziko chachikulu gulu lapadera tambirimbiri boma la Tatarstan.

Mu 1960 mochedwa Wabwino Tirhana Museum (Kazan) lili zogona wakale General A. Sandetsky. Today, gawo la luso zovuta zikuphatikizapo osati nyumba komanso paki pafupi, maziko a nyumbayo, yosungirako, luso ana pakati, laibulale, laibulale kafukufuku ndi chipinda zonse msonkhano.

M'madera chachikulu cha ntchito ndi zomera chionetsero, chionetserocho kubwezeretsa, kufalitsa maphunziro chikhalidwe ndi zina zotero. Mu mzinda wa Kazan State Museum of Wabwino Tirhana alinso nthambi zingapo yoyenda yokha. Izi makamaka luso zomera amatchedwa "Hazine", umene ukugwira ntchito kuyambira 2005, ndi belu nsanja ya Epiphany, lomwe ndi chionetsero holo ya chikhalidwe wakale Russian.

Wabwino Tirhana Museum (Kazan) anatchuka misonkhano kanukanu kulenga ndi zisudzo zikuluzikulu. Malo okwana kwa zisudzo - mamita lalikulu 2,500. m. Mu 2008 m'dera linatsegulidwa Center wa aesthetics, amene amagwira ntchito limodzi ndi sukulu kudutsa Tatarstan. Dziwani kuti palinso kowonera zakale pafupifupi of Wabwino Tirhana. Kazan zisakuyenda bwino kwenikweni m'munda wa umisiri zotsogola zambiri. Posachedwapa, aliyense akhoza timudziwe bwino zakale kawirikawiri ndi zinthu za luso lakalekale mu mawonekedwe a pakompyuta mu zipinda pakompyuta cha nyumbayi.

Pakali pano, thumba luso zovuta tichipeza zojambula oposa 25 zikwi ndi ziboliboli. ISO-Museum (Kazan) tikhoza kusangalatsa alendo ake ndi kusonkhanitsa osowa wakale, Union wakale luso European akunja. Komanso, mbali ya dongosolo lake tichipeza zipinda chionetsero wodzipereka kwa tchati ano.

Museum wa History of the Republic of Tatarstan

Uku ndi mbali ya Kazan Kremlin. Pa kapangidwe ake, ndi kugwirizana pakati pa chikumbutso lalikulu pabwalo Khan ndi Syuyumbike nsanja. Mbiri Museum (Kazan) mu zopereka ali zikwi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho, kuwauza za chitukuko cha chikhalidwe ndi moyo wa Chitata anthu ndi uliri. Tikumbukenso kuti dongosolo la zinthu m'zipinda chionetsero chithunzithunzi kutali zaka zoposa 2,000.

Pali zambiri zomwe zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho wapadera mu nyumbayi, yomwe zinasungidwa lero buku limodzi. zinthu zonse ndi chenicheni, ndipo aliyense wa iwo ali ndi chidwi chake mbiri. A alendo kopita otchuka ndi Archive zovuta.

Natural History Museum

Mndandanda wa malo kufufuza kusonkhanitsa deta ndi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho pa chitukuko miyala ya Tatarstan. malasha izi, ndi zotsalira za nyama ndi chuma chosowa mchere, zomera wakale. M'nyumbayi anakhazikitsidwa mu 2005, koma mu mbiri yake yochepa kale kukhala mmodzi wa waukulu zokopa chikhalidwe Kazan ndi Russia.

Nyumba zovuta tichipeza mbewu ziwiri. Pa tsiku loyamba amasonyeza zisudzo zoyenera mchere ndi zakuthambo. Pa yosanja, aliyense akhoza kupeza bwino wapadera paleontological chionetsero m'mphepete.

Museum wa chikumbutso 1000th wa Kazan

zomera chisangalalo tichipeza maholo atatu chionetsero ndi malo okwana 400 sq. m. Iwo anakonza chionetserocho, kuwauza za mbiri ndi kachitidwe kamakono mzinda wa Kazan.

mwapadera linaperekedwa kwa mndandanda wa zinthu zakale za tsiku ndi tsiku ndi chikhalidwe cha likulu, chibwenzi zaka zingapo zana BC. Mmodzi wa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho chachikulu cha nyumbayi ndi zipata wakale wa Kazan, omwe amaonedwa chizindikiro cha ufulu wa anthu Chitata.

Komanso m'zipinda chionetsero wina akhoza kupeza umboni okhala mu mzinda wa Peter Ine, Catherine Wamkulu ndi Nicholas I.

Chisilamu Culture Museum

Waukulu mbiri gulu loyimba ku Kazan chipembedzo ndi pa nthaka gawo la Kul-Sharif Mosque. Museum of Islam limadziwika ndi kafukufuku ndi cholinga maphunziro. Lili zinthu za chikhalidwe ndi mbiri ya chitukuko Muslim. M'zipinda simungathe chabe yodziwa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho, komanso kuphunzira mwatsatanetsatane chiyambi cha Islam. Pali mfundo za aneneri Islam monga, ndi zina zotero. D. Mmodzi wa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho zofunika kwambiri cha nyumbayi ndi zosowa zakale pemphero pamphasa pemphero chitsanzo cha Al-kaaba, kampasi kudziwa malo Mecca, ndi mikanda choyamba, makope dzanja olembedwa a Koran, Arab ndalama siliva ndi zina zotero.

Nyumba Museum wa V. I. Lenina

Chikumbutso nyumba ya chipilala kuti okonzanso otchuka Russian ndi boma ku likulu la Tatarstan amalola kuti agwera mu moyo ndi chilengedwe cha nthawi zovuta imene iye ankakhala mtsogoleri wa proletariat lapansi.

Personal Kazan zakale zonse anadabwa alendo ndi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho ake ovomerezeka, koma nyumba V. I. Lenina chionekera enawo. Apa, chidutswa chilichonse inachokera ku umunthu wa wokonzanso, ubwenzi wake ndi banja, nyumba, payokha panopa. Komanso, m'nyumbayi wapereka zikalata pachiyambi, timapepala ta ndi zikalata za Vladimira Ilicha, zithunzi wake, zolembalemba zina zachidule, mawu chithunzichi.

Nyumba Chikumbutso V. I. Lenina chinamasulidwa mu November 1937. Mu chilengedwe ndi kubwezeretsa panafika anthu a m'banja Ulyanov.

Zoology Museum. Eversmann

Imodzi mwa machitidwe zikuluzikulu za mbiri chilengedwe cha Tatarstan linakhazikitsidwa pa chiyambi cha m'ma XIX ndi Catherine II. Kwa zaka zambiri m'nyumbayi kudzadza ndi osiyanasiyana Zoological ndi paleontological zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho. Komatu 1860 - pa njira imene E. Eversmann - zomera anayamba kuvala wotchulidwa mwadongosolo. Lero Museum Zoological ku Kazan zikuphatikizapo chionetsero maholo 8, amene ali pafupifupi 10 zikwi toyesa wapadera zomera.