Mbewu Mbatata: kalasi (khalidwe ndi kulongosola)

Mbatata mu M'madera a zitunda wathu, imatengedwa mbewu masamba waukulu. Iwo Tingaone aliyense chiwembu munda. Koma anthu ochepa tcheru kuti masamba ayenera. Koma, monga tanena wotchuka akupita, kukolola zimene munabzala. Kuti kukolola apamwamba, muyenera mwaluso kusankha mbatata yabwino mbewu.

Kodi kusankha mbatata mbewu

Posankha mbewu mbatata tiyenera kuganizira mofatsa maonekedwe a tuber lapansi. mbatata zolondola ziyenera mawonekedwe zotsatirazi:

• Tuber kukula ayenera kukhala dzira nkhuku, koma inu mukhoza kutenga ndi kukula kwa pang'ono.
• Pasakhale kuwonongeka.
• mbewu mbatata ayenera kukhala lopanda matenda.
• Chakuti kwa mbatata kubzala, amene kale utakula. Izi zingamuthandize kuti kukwera mofulumira.

Ndi ofunika awerengere nambala ya mbeu. Iwo anaganiza pa mamita lalikulu zana m'dziko padziko makilogalamu 20-30. Ngati mbatata ndi waukulu kwambiri, ndiye asanadzalemo iwo unagawidwa mu theka. Choncho, ngati angapo asanaganize, m'pofunika kuganizira mitundu wotchuka zonse, zizindikiro zawo ndi zochita zake.

kalasi Karlen

mbatata wa pakati-Karlen zikutanthauza yokolola. Oyenera otentha, Frying ndi kusunga. tubers zolondola kukula wozungulira chowulungika, ndi khungu woonda. Pa m'kamwa ndi kukhosi ndiponso zosangalatsa. Pamene chodzala tubers ndiotetezedwa ku nematodes. Ndi mahekitala a dziko zingabweretse tonnes 45 wa mbatata. Mmodzi tuber kulemera kwa magalamu 100. Peel ndi zamkati wa zipatso kucha chikasu. Mbatata Karlen mu chitsamba akhoza kukhala mkulu. Ndi bwino kuika mtunda wa pafupifupi 40 cm Chrixitu. Pa tuber amafuna nthawi zonse ndiponso wodzaza madzi. Pamaso kubzala, kupewa spoilage wa matenda osiyanasiyana kukuchititsa mbewu ya mbatata mitundu Karlen etch.

kalasi Romantsov

Yotsatira Romantcev kalasi. Mbatata kukula chowulungika wofiira. The rind ndi wochepa thupi, wachikasu thupi mkati. Maso ali padziko tuber si lakuya. Kulemera kwa zipatso wina limakhalapo pafupifupi 130 magalamu. mbatata mbewu wodzichepetsa. M'dziko la mtundu uwu kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda onse ndi mavairasi. kalasi Izi ndi oyenera yosungirako yaitali. Ndi bwino kudzala tubers Chrixitu pa mtunda wa 30-35 cm. Ndi mtundu Romantcev oyenera kubzala oyambirira. Mbatata mizu ndi kukula mu M'madera a zitunda aliyense nyengo. Asanadzalemo tubers sangathe kukwanitsa. Izi zosiyanasiyana mbatata amatanthauza oyambirira-kukhwima maganizo kukula pafupifupi 90-95 masiku. Chomera amamera kudya mkulu chitsamba ndi maluwa Lilac. Kwa mmodzi wa muzu akhoza kuwapeza 35 40 ma PC tubers. Iye ndi wokoma kukoma. Oyenera kuphika mtundu uliwonse.

kalasi Riviera

Izi zosiyanasiyana mbatata imatengedwa oyambirira. Ndi oyenera kuphika ndi lalifupi yosungirako. Tuber kungakhale chonse kapena chowulungika. khungu lake anali wofiira m'miyeso yaing'ono. Thupi mtundu wotumbululuka chikasu. Kulemera kwa zipatso mbatata angafikire magalamu 150-170. mbatata mbewu Riviera ofunika obereketsa kukoma mfundo 5 mwa 5. chitsamba limakula kutalika kwake ambiri, ndi zambiri maluwa wofiirira. The tubers wa mtundu umenewu si anakhudzidwa ndi matenda monga khansa, golide nematode, zowola ndi matenda osiyanasiyana HIV. Mbatata kugonjetsedwa ndi chilala yaitali, kotero palibe chifukwa choopa kuti khalidwe la zokolola.

kalasi Vega

Ichi ndi nthumwi ina ya mbatata oyambirira. Tuber iye krugloovalnoy mawonekedwe ndi rind chikasu ndi zamkati. Masamba pa zipatso pafupifupi palibe. Oyenera kukonzekera m'njira ina iliyonse. Mbatata Vega amakonda chinyezi, kotero pamaso maluwa zitsamba ayenera madzi. Kulemera pa tuber ukufika magalamu 85-100. Pa mahekitala wina wa m'dera zija, mukhoza kukumba matani 400 pa zokolola. Tubers angakane khansa ndi golide nematode. Mbatata zomera mkulu. Maluwa ali aakulu oyera. Mbatata kugonjetsedwa ndi chilala ndi chinyezi kwambiri. zosiyanasiyana izi zikhoza kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Monga zosiyanasiyana ina, mbatata chithandizo cha tubers pamaso kubzala, ndi katundu zoteteza kuchuluka.

kalasi Inara

Izi zosiyanasiyana mbatata ali yekha posachedwapa - mu 2013. Zimatanthauza oyambirira-kukhwima mitundu. Pa kusasitsa chake masiku 95-100. Mpaka nthawi zina tsopano wakhala ntchito kokha m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia, koma pang'onopang'ono mtundu anayamba anthu ambiri m'madera ena. Kulemera pa tuber ndi magalamu 120. Tuber chowulungika yaitali ndi maso osaya. Peel ndi zamkati chikasu. Pa chitsamba wina akhoza kupeza ndalama 10-12. Mbatata Chojambula chowulungika, ndi khungu lachikasu ndi mnofu. Oyenera yosungiramo, komanso ali palatability kwambiri. mtundu imatengedwa kwambiri mosayembekezereka. mitundu Inara mbatata kugonjetsedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana. Tchire kukula kutalika sing'anga, wowala wobiriwira ndi maluwa woyera.

The sukulu pamwamba ndi watsopano. Yokolola zimabweretsa chimwemwe, muyenera kudziwa mmene kudzala mbatata ndi kumusamalira.

Pamene kudzala mbatata

Kuti kukolola zabwino, muyenera kufotokoza moyenera mitundu ya mbatata. Pali mitundu imene mizu kokha mu malo ena ndi nyengo zapadera. Monga kale, mitundu yonse yagawidwa ndi maonekedwe oyambirira. Pa mfundo imeneyi, kuona nthawi ya ikamatera mbewu mbatata:

• mbatata oyambirira obzalidwa oyambirira April. Kukolola kungakhale pafupifupi masiku 55, koma mitundu awa sali oyenera yosungirako.
• Yapakatikati oyambirira mbatata. Komanso anabzala mu April. Kukumba zokolola pambuyo masiku 60-65. Koma chiphaso cha mtundu umenewu, pali wina chenjezo kakang'ono - muyenera Zidamera mbewu mbatata.
• Mid-chomera kungakhale kuchokera April kwa May. Kucha zimenezi pa masiku oyamba a August. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mbatata ayenera masiku 85-90. Tubers a mitundu awa ayenera kukumana ndi chithandizo ku matenda ndi tizilombo tina.
• Srednepozdnie ndi mitundu mochedwa kwambiri. Ikani mtundu uwu wa May ndi June. Kusasitsa za mbewu ayenera masiku 120. Kuchotsedwa mbatata amenewa pa mapeto a September.

wamaluwa ambiri kuti kukolola ookedwa mitundu yambiri ya mbatata, zomwe zidzapsya pang'onopang'ono, kwa chakudya ndi kusunga. Iwo ali osavomerezeka kudzala chikhalidwe mpaka kutentha nthaka ukufika madigiri 8 pamwamba ziro. Kuya akadakwanitsira chifukwa chodzala m'chaka - osapitirira 10 cm.

Malamulo zofunika chifukwa chodzala mbatata

malamulo anapereka chingatithandize mbatata Bzalani mbeu moyenera ndipo zotsatira zake kukolola bwino.

• Rule 1. Dothi kubzala mbatata ayenera kukonzekera pasadakhale. Iwo kupopera mankhwala ndi njira ofooka permanganate potassium ndiyeno zouma.
• Rule 2. Mbatata kukula bwino malo dzuwa.
• Rule 3. Sankhani kuya akadakwanitsira kwa mbatata kubzala mbewu. Izo zimatengera m'dera kubzala. Mu malo ozizira kumpoto mbatata obzalidwa pa akuya 10 cm, m'madera louma - 20 cm, ndi m'madera dothi dongo - 8 cm.
• Rule 4. Cm. Izi zidalira pa zosiyanasiyana ndi: Kumayambiriro anabzala chachikulu kuposa pambuyo srednepozdnie.
• Rule 5. kuwerengera ndalama kuchuluka kwa mbatata mbewu. Mwachitsanzo, mamita lalikulu 100 ankafika tubers lonse pafupifupi kukula adzafunika pafupifupi 600 zidutswa, tubers kakang'ono - za 750-800 zidutswa za mbatata zikumera ankafika ndi - 1,000.

Kudziwa malamulo yaikulu ya kubzala, tiyenera kusankha njira. Angapo a iwo.

Njira mbatata kubzala

Mukhoza chitani mwachindunji kwa ikamatera ndi mbatata mbewu. Zosiyanasiyana ndi osiyana ndipo sitingafunikire njira payekha. Taganizirani njira zingapo kuti chodzala mbatata:

• Njira 1. The njira za makolo a lalikulu-limodzi. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kugawa malo pa kukula kwa mabwalo 50 × 50 cm ndi kupanga mndandanda, imene mbatata mbewu anabzala.
• Njira 2. Movement wa ankafika pa tepi, kumachitika kokha mu mizere 2 pa 30 ndi 100 cm. Tubers osati m'manda ndi kuwaza pamwamba wosanjikiza lapansi osapitirira 3 cm. Cm mulifupu amathandiza pofuna kuchiza mbatata. Njira kumawonjezera dzuwa la mbewu ndi avareji 30%.
• Njira 3. Ngalande njira. Kukumba ngalande 20-25 cm ndi 35 cm mulifupu. Pansi pa mulu kuchokera zatsalira kwa zomera ndi namsongole, pamwamba wosanjikiza ladzala manyowa, zimene ndi feteleza phulusa. Kuchokera pamwamba okwana Zidamera mbatata mbewu wokutidwa ndi dothi. Mtunda pakati kunkhondo kupanga 70 cm.
• Njira 4. Kukula mu mabedi osiyana. Mu njira imeneyi, aliyense mbatata tuber obzalidwa bedi mipiringidzo osiyana kapena mbiya. The mkati ladzala zonse zofunikira zomanga thupi ndi mbewu mbatata.
• Njira 5. Kudzala pansi udzu wa. njira imeneyi kungakhale aliyense mbatata Bzalani mbeu. Njira yotero, mtundu uliwonse abwino. Mphasa amathandiza kusunga chinyezi ndiponso kupewa namsongole kukula. Mbatata safuna kuti hilling.

The mtengo ndi malo kugula mbatata mbewu

Kugula mbatata ochepa okha kwa ogulitsa odalirika. Pali masitolo zapaderazi kuti agulitse mbatata mbewu. Mayeso ndi osiyanasiyana ndithu, iwo mosavuta kusokonezedwa. Choncho wamaluwa mbuli choyamba tiyenera kupeza malangizo khalidwe. Kugula kumsika, m'pofunika kusamala kwambiri, chifukwa pakhoza mfundo pachithunzichi za mmene kugulitsa mbatata mbewu. Price akuyamba ku rubles 20 pa kilogalamu.

Mbatata - kwambiri wodzichepetsa masamba mbewu kuti sikutanthauza chisamaliro zapadera. Kugula mbatata mbewu, inu mukhoza kusankha njira ankakonda kubzala. Lero, pali mitundu ya masamba iyi. Pamwamba ndi zochepa chabe mndandanda wa mbewu oyambirira ndi m'ma nyengo masamba. Ngati palibe kuthekera kwa madzi okwanira zina ndi chisamaliro, mbewu iyi Mulimonsemo kupereka kukolola.

M'nkhaniyi tiona anayang'ana pa mbewu ya mbatata. Cultivars anapereka pamwamba ndinazolowera kuti agwirizane m'gawo lililonse la Chitaganya cha Russia. The njira pamwamba ndi malamulo kubzala kukuthandizani bwino mbewu khalidwe.