Knossos - ndi umodzi mwa mizinda yakale kwambiri padziko lapansili. Zowoneka Knossos (chithunzi)

Mbiri ya dziko lapansi ndi wautali kwambiri. Koma si choncho ambiri m'malinga wakale anakhalabe masiku ano. Mmodzi wa zipilala zimene pang'ono anapulumuka - Knossos. Ndi mzinda kuti chidwi nthano zikuuluka momuzungulira.

maziko zachilendo

Mmodzi wa midzi wamkulu wa dziko ili pa chilumba cha Kerete, kum'mwera kwa malo ano loyang'anira Heraklion. Moyandikana kwa nyanja (4 km) kenako zinamuthandiza kuti akhale mwini madoko awiri.

Midzi woyamba 7000 BC zinalengedwa. e. malo yabwino kwa chilumbachi ndi kutukuka. Iye anayima pa njira za panyanja kuchokera Egypt, Asia ndi ku Ulaya. Pakati ambiri midzi yaikulu utsogoleri ntchito chitachitidwa ndi mzinda wa Knossos, omwe anakhala pakati pa Minoan chitukuko.

M'chaka cha 2000 BC. e. pachilumba cha nyumba zikuluzikulu zachifumu zinamangidwa ntchito ngati nyumba za mafumu m'deralo. Chidutswa anawonongedwa ndi chivomezi. Pa malo bwinja la nyumba yakale posakhalitsa kumanga ina yatsopano. Ndi nyumba mapulani lero amaona chizindikiro cha mzinda, ndipo analimbikitsa alendo chilumba.

ofukula zolakwa

Palace ya Knossos anali ndi cholinga chapadera. Izo lolunjika zandale, moyo zachuma ndi chikhalidwe. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi amapeza ambiri.

Phunziro loyamba inayamba mu 1878. Iwo anakhala Greek Minos Kalokerino. mapiri ake anagubuduza wa maiko nkhawa. munthu uja anayamba, ndipo ngakhale nkhani zina zikuluzikulu kutsimikiza chiphunzitso chakuti yachifumu mobisa mabodza. Koma zofukulidwa anayenera kusiya chifukwa cha chiletso cha boma la Turkey.

Anapitiriza ntchito Arthur Evans mu 1900. England adagula dziko limene, iye anakhulupirira, anali Komiti. Cholinga cha kuyima ngati kuli kotheka kuphunzira za nthawi kuchokera 1400 BC. e. Choncho, zigawo zonse wotsatira, zimene kuuzidwa za mbiri ndi zina za gawo ili zawonongedwa. Koma sizinali kulakwitsa chabe katswiriyo amene anapeza Knossos. Ndi mudzi osati anataya zaka zochepa, ndipo sanasunge maonekedwe pachiyambi. Evans pa zofukulidwa anapeza kubwezeretsedwa yachifumu, mogwirizana ndi maganizo awo.

A chisakanizo cha nthano

The England Sir Arthur - osati woyamba, amene anayesa kupeza Nyumbayi lodziwika bwino. zaka zambiri pamaso pake, ofufuza anatsogolera zofukulidwa pa malo, kumene mabwinja a zovuta za. Ndinakopeka ofukula osati mbali mbiri ndi mtengo wa nyumba, komanso mbiri ya imene inali kuphimba.

Knossos Palace - lonse mndandanda wa mabodza kugwirizana ndi mzake. Events kuyamba ndi mfundo yakuti iye anali Athens, Daedalus - chiyambi Mulungu, adali Palibenso zomangamanga. Koma pamene anali kutsogoleredwa ndi kudzikuza, anaganiza kuti amuchotsepo wake wophunzira-mdani. Pakuti munthu anayesa kupha wake manyazi anakankhidwira kunja kwa mzinda. Iwo anatenga namatetule Mfumu Minos. Monga bolodi Daedalus ankagwira ntchito mwakhama. Mmodzi mwa malamulo choyamba - matabwa ng'ombe kwa mkazi wa mfumu. Pasiphae - dzina la mkaziyo, mobisa kukwaniritsa chilakolako chake cha ng'ombe wopatulika. Kenako, iye anakhala ndi pakati n'kubereka kwa Minotaur - munthu ndi mutu nyama. Ndi chifukwa mankhwala owopsa Daedalus anamanga kukhotakhota.

ft ngwazi

City a Knossos ndi makilomita 350 chabe ku Athens. zinthu izi awiri ophatikizana nkhani imodzi. Malinga ndi nthano, mmodzi wa ana a mfumu opanda Atene aphedwe. Pakuti wolamulira anawalanga. Lowopsya analipira msonkho kwa Agiriki: zaka eyiti, natumiza kwa chilumba cha 14 anthu okongola kwambiri achinyamata. Izo sizinali mpaka bola ngati panalibe ngwazi Theseus.

Mnyamatayo anali mwana wa mulungu Poseidon ndi wolowa kwa Aatene mfumu Aegeus. Pamene mnyamata atadziwa mavuto amene anthu ake, ndiye anavomera kuthandiza. Pamodzi ndi akaidi anzake anapita chilombo choopsa.

Kuvuta kwa chintchito sanali kokha kuti kunali koyenera kukana Munthu wamphamvu-ng'ombe. vuto limakhala yekha ndikuyenda. Aliyense amene anabwera uko, sanabwerere. Iye analanditsa mwana wamkazi wa Minos, amene anapereka Theseus ulusi. Munthu womangidwa ku chiyambi cha khomo lakumaso, ndipo kenako, pamene anagonjetsa chilombo, mosavuta anapeza njira.

Inde a zomangamanga

Ndipotu, nyumba ya Knossos - kwambiri a zipinda, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuti kusochera. A yaikulu yomanga Mipikisano storey ndi zipinda zoposa zikwi osiyana zidzasintha. Chotero dongosolo, monga asayansi amati, kumeneko, chifukwa chaka chilichonse zipinda chinachake kumalizitsa ntchito. Polumikiza zipinda, masitepe ndi makonde lachinyengo. Pa aesthetics amisiri adazizwa.

Kuwonjezera dongosolo chodabwitsa, nyumba yachifumu anali specifications zamakono. Mwachitsanzo, zovuta anali madzi ndi sewerage. Ndi ena a mipope mu madzi nyumba okwanira, winayo anali wodzazidwa ndi kusamba lachitatu osachiritsika dishwater. Kumangidwa sanali kokha zimbudzi ndi zimbudzi ndi.

Total m'dera - 24 000 mamita lalikulu. M'dera imeneyi ivomelezana Theatre, malo, kukambirana, zipinda kulambira ndipo, ndithudi, apamwamba nyumba ya banja lachifumu.

Museum lomaliza

View pa dera la West kupyolera pabwalo. Kuyambira pano ulendo wa akuyamba. Komanso pamalowa mungathe kupita ku masitepe waukulu zikugwirizana ndi apansi anayi. njira limayenda limodzi kukafika kutsogolo kwa bwalo. Choyamba amasiya - khoti kuti lagawidwa misewu atatu. Iye anatumikirapo monga pemphero. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi maguwa.

Imodzi mwa nyumba amakezana - kulures. Izi maenje zikuluzikulu, zimene angathe kukwaniritsa udindo yosungira tirigu ndi malo zotsalira pambuyo nsembe. Popular ndi alendo kumpando mchipindacho kumene waima mwala wachifumu wa wolamulirayo. Ambiri mwa mpanda wa makonde ndi zipinda anali ndi zithunzi zokongola m'makoma, zithunzi ndiponso zitsulo zamtengo wapatali.

zovuta kwambiri ndi nyumba yachifumu zosamvetsetseka pa Knossos. Kukhotakhota - kuti ndi cholinga chenicheni cha kukonza.

Zopeka nthano okonda

Today zovuta - amodzi mwa malo ambiri anafika mu Greece. Pakhomo bwinja lotseguka kwa anthu chifukwa amalipiritsa mwadzina. Mozama ndi owonetsera zakale pabwalo tsiku ndi tsiku.

Khadi zowoneka - mizati wofiira. Iwo amasiyana zina - ndi kapangidwe zachilendo, chifukwa iwo alibe Masamu bwino ndi yopapatiza kapena kufotokozera, kulenga zotsatira za irrationality. kukhazikitsanso awo, komanso ena ambiri, anachita Arthur Evans.

Ngakhale kuti pa zodabwitsa Zakachikwi anali bwinja cabe, nyumba akadali chidwi.

okayikira ambiri amanena kuti kwenikweni anthu a mumzinda wa Knossos sanazindikire chosokonekera ndi mogwirizana. Mwalumikiza ndi zachilendo nyumba Kamangidwe dongosolo.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ntchito awiri amaganiza hatchet "Labrys" chifukwa miyambo pa chilumba cha Kerete. Ndiwo mawu Agiriki akale patapita imakhudzana ndi makonde zosamvetsetseka ndi zipinda chinsinsi, ndipo amatchedwa "kukhotakhota". Iye anali ndi nthano ya Mfumu Minos lanthano, ndi Minotaur ndi ogre ngwazi Theseus.

Zodabwitsa dziko

Nyumba yachifumu woyamba anawonongedwa ndi chivomerezi padziko 1700 BC. e. The gulu loyimba, amene alendo penyani chilumba lero, nayikidwa pa zaka zingapo zotsatira. Koma nyumbayo si lidzapulumuka. Choyamba, pang'ono anathyola madzi osefukira, kuphulika anachititsa pachilumba pafupi.

Mu 1450 BC. e. mzindawo anatuluka vuto lina. moto Large osati anawononga nyumbayi, komanso chinali chiyambi cha mapeto a Minoan chitukuko. Tikumbukenso kuti pa ntchito yomanga mtembo wa anthu sanapezeke. Pali maganizo amenewa pambuyo kuphulika kwa anthu atachoka pa chilumbacho ndipo anakakhala m'madera ena.

Akatswiri ambiri anena kuti Krete Atlantis ndi zodabwitsa, olemera ndi bwino mzinda boma, lomwe anapita pansi pa madzi.

Atapita zaka Atapeza ndi mpanda wolimba wakale, koma amabisa ambiri zinsinsi chilumba. Knossos - mumzinda womwe unali kamodzi likulu la ku Krete - ndi anthu zodabwitsa lero.