Tomato yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale F1: ndemanga photos, maonekedwe, kubzala ndi chisamaliro

Anthu ambiri osiyanasiyana ndi wosakanizidwa phwetekere alimi anapereka lero, n'zosatheka kudziwa bwino gulu yabwino, chifukwa amakonda alimi osiyana Mukaganizira osiyana kuwunika, ndipo mbali nyengo ya m'madera mu kulima tomato osiyana kwambiri. Komabe, kunena za hybrid otchuka yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale F1. Ulimi kampani "Gavrish" ndi kupereka Tomato ichi, kuika mu msika monga kugonjetsedwa kwambiri matenda ndi akulimbana carpal phwetekere ndi kukoma mkulu. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa hybrids loyamba kuswana zoweta, umene zipatso zipse pa nthawi yomweyo ndi mpata kusonkhanitsa maburashi wake.

Tomato yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale F1: Kufotokozera

Mbali ya mankhwala phwetekere ndi mkulu akalozera wokongola anamaliza ndi yosalala mawonekedwe a mwana wosabadwayo, zokolola kwambiri, komanso storability kwambiri pa nthawi yaitali yosungirako.

Yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale Tomato F1 - mtundu wa pakati-kucha ndi kukula malire mphukira, otchedwa indeterminate vegetative mtundu. Kufika msinkhu wa mamita 2 chitsamba yokutidwa ndi wathanzi wobiriwira masamba matte, zikuwoneka chidwi kwambiri ndi wakula makamaka greenhouses, popanda chisamaliro zovuta. Chifukwa cha chiyambi wosakanizidwa wa phwetekere ali ndi kukana kwambiri zosiyanasiyana miliri tomato, monga Fusarium, Cladosporium, HIV wa zithunzi fodya ndi mavuto ena.

Kucha kumayamba atapita masiku 100-115 kuchokera kumera wa mbewu. Zambiri inflorescences awiri amaganiza kuyalidwa: choyamba - pa tsamba chinayi, ena - lililonse atatu kutsatira. Inflorescence tichipeza zipatso 6-8 yolusa aafupi olamulira ndi amphamvu kwambiri, amatha kukhwima kusunga kulemera kwa burashi lapansi. Mbali A wa phwetekere ndi zokolola chidwi kwambiri - pa mita lalikulu akhoza amatengedwa kuchokera makilogalamu 25 32 wofiira zipatso wangwiro mawonekedwe yowala yosalala chonse. Ali oyenera kukambirana osiyana: angati wosakanizidwa mitundu F1 yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale amapereka pafupifupi kulemera chomwecho ndi kucha tomato pa dzanja. Kulemera tomato zimasiyanasiyana magalamu 90 mpaka 110. Yosalala, rovnenky popanda kuwoneka ribbing zipatso 3-4 mbewu zipinda, wotchuka chifukwa kukoma zabwino, mwangwiro kusungidwa natengedwa.

kulima mmera: kukonzekera nthaka

Popeza kuti ambiri m'madera Russian sangathe kudzitama chifukwa cha nyengo yofunda, ndi phwetekere - chikhalidwe kum'mwera, kupereka zokolola zonse mwapadera mu malo omasuka, ndi mulingo woyenera kulima tomato mu greenhouses. Ndipo munthu ayenera kuyamba ndi chodzala mbewu kwa mbande.

Potted posachedwapa alimi m'malo mwa muli disposable, zomwe ndithudi kumachepetsa kutenga matenda a mbewu, n'zotheka amene anakhalabe ndi ntchito mobwerezabwereza. Koma mphamvu watsopano ayenera kupopera mankhwala pamaso atagona pansi. Kutalika zoyenerera kudera muli mmera - 6-8 cm.

Nthaka kubzala zikhoza kugulidwa ku sitolo kwa wamaluwa kapena kuphika nokha, mofanana kaphatikizidwe humus ndi peat nthaka ndi sod. Pa ndowa okonzeka osakaniza Chinawonjezeka 1 makilogalamu lalikulu mtsinje mchenga, 100 ga phulusa mitengo ndi 30 ga superphosphate. Kuwonjezera fetereza dothi wokonzeka safuna, iwo azipereka uthunthu wonse wa zofunika zakudya.

Yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale F1 seeded mbewu phwetekere mu February ndi March. Perekani mbewu yeniyeni timeframe n'zosatheka chifukwa mmene lalikulu la dziko, kuti chimodzimodzi iliyonse dera alimi ntchito anasonkhanitsa zawo zambiri, kutenga nkhani zinkachitika m'deralo. Mbande okonzeka chidebe owazidwa nthaka, tamped, popeza anabzala mbewu sayenera mu thumba mpweya - izo negate khama, iwo sizingamere.

yokonza mbewu

Ngati mbewu anagula, kukonzekera seedbed ndi kale, zomwe muyenera anasonyeza pa phukusi, ntchito zina ikuchitika Sikuti kwa iwo. mbewu A ochiritsira kuti unazokotedwa ndi yotithandiza zina kukula Mkhalidwe. Ngakhale phwetekere yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale F1 ( «Gavrish") kugonjetsedwa kwambiri matenda, chisanadze mankhwala akufunikira, komanso mitundu ina yambiri ndi hybrids.

Zikutanthauza kuthandiza mankhwala mbewu "fitosporin-M" njira imene iwo kumizidwa kwa mphindi 20-25. A biostimulants zamakono monga "Appin" kapena "zircon", adzateteza mbewu ndi kudzuka iwo. Iwo yambitsa kupulumuka kwa maphunziro, kuthandiza chitetezo cha m'thupi ndi zopanda ndi wotsatira boma mbewu kupanikizika akhwatchitsa ozizira, kuyanika ndi mavuto ena. njira yonse muyenera kukhala okonzeka malinga ndi malangizo aziwapatsa mankhwala. Mbewu akuwukha nthawi mu njira monga kusintha pa maziko a mfundo malangizo.

mbande kubzala

mbewu Choncho anakonza kugona grooves recessed 1-1.5 cm, anatsanulira ofunda ofooka njira ya humate ndi sodium ndi kusindikizidwa. Mbande chidebe anaika mu malo owala ndi chipinda mpweya kutentha ndi osachepera 22-24? C. Polenga zinthu omasuka kwambiri kwa kumera wa mbewu, chidebe pamwamba chivundikiro ndi galasi kapena filimu. Microclimate kuti amapezeka muli ndi mbande, zikumera adzateteza ndi kuwalola mwamsanga ndi mbande amphamvu.

Ndi ndondomeko yoyenera ya zochita zake ndi apamwamba mbewu kumera akupezeka lachitatu tsiku lachisanu. Izi zimachitika, kuchotsa chivundikiro ku bokosi. Tsopano sibwino kudzaza chomera. cholakwa nthawi zambiri wamaluwa novice, ndi ichi patsogolo pa imfa ya mbande, kuyambira chinyezi owonjezera ntchito bowa kuti chimachititsa blackleg ndi nthawi ili mu nthaka. Matenda amene munthu kuwononga ngakhale mbande amphamvu kwambiri. The firiji ayenera ukhale pa mlingo yemweyo, amene anali anakhalabe pa kumera wa mbewu.

Chotsatira ndi kulima mbewu madzi ali wamphamvu, yodziwika ndi kumera munthawi yomweyo ndi mlingo kupulumuka kwambiri, amene anatchuka chifukwa phwetekere ake yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale F1. Reviews wamaluwa wodziwa chimodzi ichi phwetekere hybrid amakula msanga ndi bwino.

mbande madzi phwetekere

Opaleshoni imeneyi ikuchitika pamene mbande limakula atatu kapena anayi masamba woona. chiwerengerochi yokwanira molondola nyongolosi watsopanowo akutulukira mizu. Kotero kuti ndondomeko limayenda bwino, aliyense mmera adzaikidwe mu mphika osiyana, kuyambira osauka mizu amafuna danga. Njira ntchito mbande kumuika, zosavuta, koma kuchita zonse bwinobwino, popanda kuwononga mizu wosalimba. Kuyambira capacitance pang'ono pang'ono yotengedwa ndi mbande pa zomera, makamaka pamodzi ndi kumugenda a dziko lapansi, kuziika mu miphika ndi mphamvu kwambiri. awiri awo ayenera musalumphe 8-10 cm, ndi kutalika kwa 10-12 masentimita akuti ndi mulingo woyenera. Buku lino kukhala mbande zokwanira kukula ndi mphamvu, koma musati kukhala mpaka chodzala mu kutentha kwa. Khalani zasonyeza kuti phwetekere yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale F1 (ndemanga wamaluwa kutsimikizira) amalola madzi.

M'chikontena osiyana mbande sayenera masiku kuposa 50-55, kutalika kwa mbande bwino anayamba nthawi ukufika 30-35 cm. Onse a nthawi kunyumba muyenera onetsetsani kuti si anatambasula. Izi zimathandiza kuti kutentha ndi kuwala momwe akadakwanitsira. M'pofunika kutembenuzira muli tsiku ndi mbande zenera, ngati mbewu alibe kuwala. masiku 10 kubzala makonzedwe a mbewu zomera ndi kutentha tiyenera kulola: kupita ku khonde kapena mazenera lotseguka usiku.

kuphika kutentha

Kupereka chitonthozo zina za kukula zomera achinyamata amafunikira processing Mkhalidwe ngati dothi kutentha, ndipo pachimake gawo la kutentha kwa. M'madera osiyana mawu osiyana Thirani mu wowonjezera kutentha, koma zambiri zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira pa chiyambi mpaka kumapeto kwa May. Chotero ngati kutentha chivundikiro filimu, ndipo anali ozizira masika, n'kutheka kuika zigawo ziwiri za filimu kapena ntchito ankawonjezereka (analimbitsa). Kugwiritsa pawiri ❖ kuyanika filimu efficiently chifukwa airbag, zivute zitani angakhalepo pakati pa zigawo, osati kokha kuonjezera kutentha mu wowonjezera kutentha, komanso kusauka kwako ndi mphamvu ntchito ya M'kati.

Mbali ya kutentha ayenera awatulutsira kwa mpweya wabwino. Kupewa kudetsedwa wa mbande, Ndi bwino kuchotsa pamwamba wosanjikiza dothi chaka chatha (7-10 cm). Nthaka otsala woyesedwa ndi yankho la sulphate mkuwa mu chiŵerengero cha magalamu 30 pa ndowa. Yemweyo ayenera pansi disinfection, ndipo ziwalo zonse za chimango greenhouses, matabwa kapena zitsulo. Azilipira imfa ya humus nthaka ndi zofunika.

wamaluwa odziwa amavomereza kusintha chodzala masamba greenhouses chaka. Koma ngati izi sizingatheke, njira panopa kukonza nthaka akale ndi malo ake ndi humus ndi chovomerezeka ndi sadzakhala kuchepetsa zokolola anakonza. Tomato, makamaka phwetekere yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale ndi F1, kulima umene siyikhuzana mavuto apadera, anatulutsa mu nthaka pazipita zinthu zothandiza, ndi m'malo a wosanjikiza chapamwamba ndi kumayambiriro kwa uthunthu wonse wa zofunikira kufufuza zinthu - njira yabwino kupeza mkulu zokolola.

chithandizo nthaka ikuchitika masiku osachepera 10 Thirani. nthaka n'kofunika kumasula, kuchotsa udzu ndi makombo anaonekera kwa mizu akale. Humus umayamba mu kuchuluka kwa 8-10 makilogalamu pa mita lalikulu, ndipo musawononge galasi phulusa (pa malo omwewo). Mitundu akadakwanitsira dothi kukula tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi ndi breathable loam kapena supeschaniki.

Thirani Features

Yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale F1 - tomato, wamaluwa ndemanga yomwe ndi chidwi kwambiri, koma asanadzalemo zomera achinyamata ayenera kutsimikizira ndi prerequisites ochepa:

• Chodzala tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi ikuchitika pa tsiku mitambo kapena madzulo;
• nthaka chisanadze wothira, mu ulimi wothirira madzi akhoza anawonjezera mbewu ochepa a manganese;
• asanadzalemo ndi mmera amfunsefunse mosamala kuchotsa cotyledonary choyamba, yellowed kapena matenda masamba;
• nthaka kutentha ayenera usavutike m'nthaka ozizira kudzala tomato n'zosathekadi, monga mizu ya mmera basi zagniyut ndi yaitali ozizira kulimbikitsa ndondomeko ndi chomera mu nkhani yabwino idzakhala nthawi yaitali mizu, ndi pa zikachitika - adzawonongeka.

Kutentha dothi mbande chodzala akhale pansipa 12-15 ° C. Kutenthetsa nthaka akhoza kukhala chongopeka kuphimba nthaka wakuda polyethylene filimu. Mwa njira, iwo adzakhala ndi mbali ya kuphimbira chingamulepheretse kukula udzu, amakhala ndi mulingo woyenera kutentha mode ndi kuwombola madzi kuposa kuchepetsa alimi kusamala.

Tomato yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale F1 (odziwa wamaluwa ndemanga zimasonyeza kuti izi) sakonda malowedwe amphamvu pa kubzala, monga izi zikhonza kuwapangitsa kukula - owazidwa nthaka, tsinde ndi adamulowetsa mapangidwe mizu latsopano likuvutika kukula kwa tsinde la. Pali ngozi ya overdoing ndi oyamba a feteleza asafe amene amayambitsa owonjezera masamba obiriwira kukula ndiponso kusapezeka kwa thumba losunga mazira ndi zipatso. Nthawi zambiri wamaluwa novice manyowa mabowo kubzala ndi manyowa atsopano, nkhuku manyowa kapena urea. Kodi izo m'gulu zosatheka.

Yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale F1: ulimi kampani "Gavrish". Reviews la ndegeyo

Kukula tomato mu greenhouses pokhapokha ngati mukudziwa peculiarities onse a ulimi. Childs, mabedi mu widths mita kutentha atatu ndi fractional kusokonezeka. Konzani zitunda 2 ndi ndime pakati pawo wa 50-60 masentimita Mankhwala agrofirm "Gavrysh." - wamtali wolimba mbewu. Choncho, mtunda wa pakati pa tchire pa ikamatera sayenera zosakwana 50 cm.

Osachepera cm pakati pa mizere ya phwetekere komanso sayenera zosakwana 60 cm. Tchire zibzalidwe m'mizere kuti movutikira kulola mosavuta kwa aliyense wodzala zomera. Childs mu kutentha kwa mamita 6 yaitali ndi mamita 3 tchire lonse anabzala 46-48 phwetekere mabedi awiri mizere iwiri pa chilichonse. Izi ndi pazipita kuchuluka. Ndi zolinga zawo kubzala akhoza optimally ntchito kutentha ndi kupewa thickening, amene zoipa zokhudza chitukuko cha chikhalidwe chilichonse, kuchititsa kusowa kuwala, amavutika kumulowetsa, ndipo monga Motero, kufalikira kwa matenda. Zofunikira chomwecho zimayikidwa patsogolo ndi tomato yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale F1. Kubzala ndi chisamaliro sikovuta, koma afunika kutsatira malamulo.

Tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi

kuisamalira zomera mu wowonjezera kutentha - chikole cha mbewu m'tsogolo, iwo amayamba mwamsanga pamene mbande obzalidwa kutentha ndi. Lembani njira zoyambirira za kusamalira zomera chotero ndi phwetekere yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale F1. Reviews wamaluwa amene kukula chaka choyamba hybrid ichi, osokoneza kudziwa ndondomeko izi:

• Mu masiku oyamba mutabzala, zomera safuna madzi. Kawirikawiri kudikira kwa masiku 10. Panthawi imeneyi, tomato mizu, ndiye akwaniritsa kuthirira.
• Kutentha kwa madzi ulimi wothirira sayenera poyerekeza 20-22 ° C.
• Pamaso maluwa yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale F1 madzi masiku 4-5. Madzi mlingo mowa pa chomera - 1.5 malita.
• Pa maluwa kuthirira ndi kuchuluka kwa malita 4-5 pa 1 chitsamba.
• Kuthirira zitsamba ayenera kukhala pa muzu, ndi bwino kuchita m'mawa monga madzulo waterings amalimbikitsa mapangidwe condensate, umene ndi ❖ kuyanika filimu imagwera pa tomato.
• Kukhalabe kutentha akadakwanitsira ndi chinyezi. Kutentha womasuka kwambiri ndi 25-28 ° C masana ndipo 18-20 ° C usiku.
• Usachite mantha kuti adziwe za ikamatera - tomato chidwi ndi drafts. A mpweya maola 2 pambuyo kuthirira - chofunika zolimbikitsa kuika zipatso.

Garter ndi pasynkovanie

Popeza yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale F1 - phwetekere (wamaluwa ndemanga akutitsimikizira izi), ndi kukula malire tsinde, ndi kuvomerezedwa garter. Munagulira masiku 3-7 pambuyo Thirani. M'pofunika kuthandiza zomera kupirira zovuta zipatso anatsanulira. Mfundo garters tisowa kusankha munthu kuti sakutaya tsinde phwetekere. Garter ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo amapereka - mzere kapena chimango.

Ndondomeko ina zofunika - pasynkovanie akuimira mphukira kuchotsa zinamera axils wa masamba. Izi zichitike kwenikweni, chifukwa ndipamene phwetekere mu 1 kapena 2 mapesi, Muonetsetse mapangidwe mphukira zatsopano ndi kuwachotsa m'nthawi yake. mapangidwe ndi kusalankhula awo kwafalikira adzakhala kuchepetsa zipatso mapangidwe, kuyambitsa thickening ndi kuti m'mbuyo kusasitsa. Tikumbukenso kuti si zonse mitundu ndi hybrids imvera mapangidwe amphamvu mphukira lateral, ndi wodzichepetsa kwambiri tomato ambiri. makalasi Izi zikugwira ntchito yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale phwetekere F1. kampani zaulimi "Gavrish" ndemanga za hybrids amene kutsindika anawo kukula otsika, amapereka ogula angapo tomato amenewa. Kuchotsa suckers ayenera kusamala, mukhoza umayamba kapena kudula iwo. Ndi bwino kuchita ntchito ngati m'mawa.

kudya

Ngati mbewu iliyonse wamtali, tomato amafuna kudya nthawi. Nazonso ndi tomato yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale F1. Kubzala, chitsamba kupulumuka, ndi chitukuko wotsatira zimadalira ntchito bwino ndi zogwirizana zakudya zofunika kwa zomera.

Kudya choyamba mutabzala ikuchitika pambuyo masiku 10-15: malita 10 a madzi kuchepetsedwa ndi magalamu 30 nitrophosphate ndi malita 0.5 a mullein madzi. Norma akudya chitsamba - 1 lita imodzi. Patapita masiku 10, tomato ukala kachiwiri, malita 10 a madzi ofunda kutenga magalamu 30 a feteleza sulphate potaziyamu ndi "chonde." Feteleza yomweyo ayenera kubwereza mu masabata awiri.

Kutsatira malangizo amenewa, n'zosavuta kukula mu wowonjezera kutentha phwetekere yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale F1. Reviews ndi zithunzi m'nkhani ino ithandiza kuti anthu amvetse makamaka kulima chikhalidwe apamwamba.