Thiransifoma ndi chiyani? Mitundu ya tiransifoma. Mfundo thiransifoma kanthu

M'nkhaniyi tiona zimene thiransifoma. Mitundu ya tiransifoma adzakhala anafotokoza, mfundo ya kanthu ndi mamangidwe komanso sanasangalale nazo. Dziwani kuti mtundu uwu wa malo amodzi (atathana) AC makina za ntchito zosiyanasiyana zolinga, osati kunyumba kokha komanso mafakitale. Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha kumwa magetsi. Koma zinthu oyamba.

Kodi chipangizo ichi?

Izi magetsi malo amodzi makina, ponena kuti atembenuke panopa kapena voteji. Ndipo pali mitundu ingapo ya zipangizo, malingana ngati mphamvu opangidwa ndi Intaneti. Choncho, atatu gawo maukonde ali windings atatu, omwe amakhala pa "nyenyezi" kapena "makona". Kufanizira Izi angaonere ndi Motors asynchronous. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tiransifoma mphamvu, tikambirana pang'ono.

Koma mu nyumba zipangizo ntchito, imene kumulowetsa maukonde. Komanso, pali mmodzi sekondale, amene ntchito zipangizo mphamvu. Mwachitsanzo, njira ntchito flashlamp tiransifoma mphamvu, chimene kuchuluka windings sekondale. Panafunika kwa chipangizo wina kulandira voteji mfundo zingapo: 6.3 250 V. Komanso moyo akhoza kukumana tiransifoma panopa. Iwo anaika mu mita ndi kupereka ulamuliro chipangizo.

kamangidwe

A maziko thiransifoma kovuta kuonetsetsa, koma ngati zochokera kulemera, ndi mosakayikira pachimake (maginito dera). Chopangidwa kuchokera ku mapepala zitsulo omwe anasonkhana pamodzi ndi mwamphamvu anakoka pamodzi. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti pazipita zotheka mtanda chigawo cha dera maginito. Koma osati zitsulo angagwiritsidwe ntchito, nthawi zambiri a mitima ferromagnetic. mankhwala, omwe ndi ofanana kwambiri katundu ndi zitsulo, koma ali ndi dongosolo yosiyaniranapo. Pali mitundu ina ya tiransifoma, chithunzi ziwembu zoyambirira kuperekedwa ku nkhani.

Mamangidwe awa ndi pa windings osachepera awiri. Limodzi (chachikulu) kotunga voteji amapangidwa. Popeza wachiwiri, wachitatu, N-hydrochloric, undervoltage kudzipatula ndi pafupipafupi ndi mawonekedwe a athandizira ofanana. Kumulowetsa mphamvu wapangidwa ndi waya mkuwa. Iye atamangika pa chimango, amene ali pamtunda kuzungulira dera maginito. Pamene voteji umagwiritsidwa ntchito yoyang'anira dera chachikulu limapezeka ndi alternating maginito zomwe induces mu sekondale kumulowetsa EMF. Chifukwa, linanena bungwe ndi zina angathe kusiyana.

mphamvu tiransifoma

Tatchulawa mitundu ndi amene atembenuke magetsi mu maukonde. Iwo sikuti anaika pa substations thiransifoma. yosiyanasiyana tiransifoma mphamvu, amatumikira kwa voteji kwa 110 kV Mwachitsanzo, 6 kV ngati substation ndi kuchepetsa. Zikuphatikizapo, ndi zipangizo ntchito mu amapereka mphamvu ya wailesi banja. Ndipotu, kamangidwe ka zonse zofanana, pali zigawo wamba.

Ngakhale tiransifoma kuwotcherera, mitundu ya ndiwo osiyanasiyana, ndi dongosolo ofanana. Pali zina zabwino zazing'ono, monga mphamvu ya makina pa substations pa zili ndi dongosolo mafuta kuzirala, pamene kuwotcherera ntchito popanda izo. Koma pomaliza pali linanena bungwe panopa lamulo. Ndi koyenera kuti kuwotcherera wa makulidwe yosiyanasiyana ya chitsulo. Chabwino, zipangizo ntchito mu moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi pa onse mosatsata kusintha zina.

Autotransformers

Autotransformer - mmodzi wa mitundu imene windings pulayimale ndi sekondale ogwirizana mwachindunji. Izi zimathandiza kupeza osati polumikizira magetsi kwa chipangizo, komanso mu atomu. Kawirikawiri pali atatu galimoto-thiransifoma pa linanena bungwe, amene amalola kulandira zosiyanasiyana voltages. Chinthu chapadera wa galimoto-tiransifoma - mkulu Mwachangu. Koma pali drawback yaikulu - madera pulayimale ndi sekondale si electrically olekanitsidwa mzake. Ntchito makamaka mphamvu ogula ngati lamulo thiransifoma. Mitundu ya tiransifoma zolinga zina zafotokozedwa pansipa.

kuyeza

Ntchito AC machitidwe magetsi, mtundu wapadera wa tiransifoma - chingwe. Chifukwa cha iwo, kuwonjezeka malire a zipangizo chingwe. Komanso, iwo asamapite kugwirizana magetsi kwa chingwe mphamvu kuchita muyeso wa panopa likuyenderera mu izo. M'mawu ena, popanda lumikiza galvanic n'zotheka kulamulira panopa osefukira dera la. Koma mitundu iwiri ya zipangizo muyeso akhoza kuwasiyanitsa - ndi voteji ndi tiransifoma panopa. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tiransifoma panopa, kusiyana awo kukula ndi kuchuluka.

tiransifoma Current kulola kusintha. Choncho panopa lalikulu osefukira dera la yafupika mtengo otetezeka. Komanso, motetezeka machitidwe linanena bungwe ulamuliro kapena muyeso, chitetezo ndi zipangizo Alamu. Pulayimale kumulowetsa - ndi mbali ya kondakitala ndi, kuzungulira yachiwiri akutsirizika imagwiridwa. Ndi yamasika atachotsedwa panopa 1 ampere kapena 5. Koma voteji tiransifoma apangidwa ndi cholinga osiyana. Iwo adzatulutsa voteji dontho choyezera cha makhalidwe. Mothandizidwa awo anagwira kudzipatula zoteteza zipangizo dera ku voteji mkulu.

kugunda

Mtundu wa chipangizo ntchito zolinga apadera. M'pofunika kutembenuza mndandanda wa chizindikiro pulsed. M'menemo nthawi ya zimachitika munthu akhoza kufika makumi angapo microseconds. Ndipo pali waung'ono Mbali - kusintha yekha matalikidwe cha chizindikiro, koma osati mawonekedwe ake. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, pali mitundu ina ya chitetezo cha tiransifoma, zimachitika komanso kupatsidwa circuitry, kuteteza voteji owonjezera kapena panopa.

Monga ulamuliro, kusintha zipangizo ntchito mu dera limene umayenda apakati yoweyula chizindikiro. Nthawi zambiri, mtundu uwu zipangizo ntchito mu njira TV. Iwo kutembenuza wochepa nyemba nthawi kanema ndi ntchito mkombero kwambiri. Ndipo linanena bungwe inu kupeza chizindikiro mu maonekedwe ake apachiyambi, koma ndi kuchuluka matalikidwe.

Pomaliza

Tsopano inu mukudziwa chimene thiransifoma. Mitundu ya tiransifoma taona, ndipo ndinaona kuti kukhala ndi kusiyana pang'ono, ngakhale kuti kapangidwe ndi ofanana kwambiri. Chonde dziwani kuti pamene akugwira ntchito zida aliyense magetsi ndikofunikira kusunga tipewe ngozi. Komanso, kwa utumiki AC magetsi ayenera kulolera gulu.