Principate - izo ... The mbali yaikulu ya Principate akuwapondereza

Zotsatira za umodzi wa limati wamphamvu kwambiri mu dziko - Ufumu wa Roma - masiku ano tikugwiritsabe ntchito. dongosolo la makhalidwe European ndi mwalamulo sangakhoze kumvetsedwa popanda chidziwitso cha ndizosowa ndi mfundo zakayendesedwe ka nchito anthu ku Roma. N'chifukwa chake zotsatira za ndale za ufumu ukadali akuphunziridwa mu zochitachita malamulo. Imodzi mwa mfundo zofunika kuti anabwera kwa ife akale Aroma, Principate.

kutanthauza

Zikamera wa boma la Roma ndi analembedwa ndi namatetule wa Octavian Augustus. Zinali iye amene anamanga asapita yandale yatsopano pamaziko a mogwirizana chachikale chinkawavuta pakati pa Boma ndi anthu. Ndi kuyamika Augustus Principate anaonekera. Ndipotu izi zingathe kufotokozedwa monga "mphamvu printsipsa". Amene anali printspisy Ancient Rome? Taganizirani funso ili.

Ndipotu Principate - ndi mtanda pakati mtsogoleri ndi mfumu. ufulu wakale ndi ufulu wa mafuko adakali ndi munthu kuteteza - nyumba polis mfundo za demokalase, ndi chachikale chinkawavuta, akalipo. Octavian kumayambiriro kwa ulamuliro wake anali kuwerengera ndi zotsatira za malamulo, ngakhale nthawi ya miyambo Republican cha chiyambi cha nyengo yatsopano pafupifupi wapita. Ndi pakati pa BC Ine atumwi. e. kwachititsa anthu anasintha cholinga ndale ndi maulamuliro phungu absolutism lachifumu - ufumu wa Roma anakhala malamulo zambiri mu chikhalidwe ndi wochepa "Roma" mu mzimu.

mphamvu printsipsov

Principate pamene dongosolo la ndale - ichi ndi mlingo wa akuluakulu ndi centralization ndi amphamvu. Cholowa kuchokera nthawi ya Rome anapita paradoxical kwa lingaliro lamakono, dongosolo malamulo, wopangidwa mwa akuluakulu akapolo. Aliyense kapolo a Roma makamaka kugwira ntchito ya boma. The watanthauzo Ambuye, akapolo zambiri iye akanakhoza kuonetsetsa kuti akwaniritse udindo wawo yotumikira anthu. Zodabwitsa, ndi Principate - izi ndi nyengo komwe akapolo akafuna ukhale wa mphamvu yeniyeni mu Roma ndi kulamulira ufumu pamodzi ndi makamu awo. Mderalo umalamulidwa ndi Council decurions, umene mphamvu anali wolemekezeka palokha, ndipo amene sanalandire ndalama iliyonse pa utumiki wa Rome. Ndipotu ufumu inali kumutsogolera bwino, pamene amacheza chuma osachepera ndalama dongosolo.

Zadzidzidzi aziyankhula

olamulira wotsatira bwinobwino kulamulidwa ndi dongosolo Octavian, ikuthandizira mfundo monarchical, koma osati yothetsera ndondomeko mpaka mapeto a mwambo. Ukulu nyengo idatha m'ma III, pamene ufumuwo ankapita ndi Septimius Severus. Mu ulamuliro wake anayamba kupanga nayamba mizu mu moyo ndale za mfundo za ulamuliro wathunthu wa mfumu. Chotero dongosolo la boma wotchedwa aziyankhula.

mbali khalidwe la Principate akuwapondereza

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa mitundu iwiri ya ndale, ankasiyana zaka chiyani? Pamene Principate anapitiriza maonekedwe a mtundu Republican a boma: pali osankhidwa matupi, kupita Senate. Koma mu mfundo Principate - ndi pafupifupi mafumu. Onse kusankidwa cholinga chakuti amalamulidwa printsipsom. Wolamulira Wamkulu imodzi amachita ntchito ya wansembe, woweruza wamkulu, mkulu-mu-Tribune.

Mphamvu za Anthu anali n'zochepa kwambiri. Iwo kawirikawiri anasonkhana, ndipo zochita zawo akhoza chinathetsedwa pa printsipsom nthawi iliyonse. Komabe, ndi Senate ndi misonkhano otchuka ndi akuluakulu zilipobe ngakhale udindo wawo unali utatsala pang'ono kukongoletsa. Management Rule "kuti anaganiza printsips - Lidzakhala lamulo" amalandira ambiri mwapadera.

Board Septimus North kuika chirichonse mu malo ake. Ilo liri mu BC III atumwi. e. kusiyana Principate akuwapondereza akuwonetseredwa bwino kwambiri. Assembly anthu kusungunuka ndi kwanthawizonse kusiya moyo ndale za ufumuwo. Mphamvu za maboma a m'mayikowo zayamba kudula. Ofesi ya boma chinkhoswe m'madipatimenti angapo, amene amalamulidwa ndi olemekezeka. Udindo wa akapolo yafupika, ndi olemekezeka kwambiri zikugwira ntchito malamulo. Akuluakulu anayamba mwachindunji ndalama zolipirira kuchokera pa mosungiramo zopereka, tsopano ali ndi ufulu penshioni a.

Aziyankhula kufunika kwa mbiri European

dongosolo aziyankhula inali ogwira amene anapitiriza kufunika kwake, komanso pambuyo gulu la ufumuwo mbali ya kumadzulo ndi kum'mawa. Poyamba mugawo ili anali pabwino monga ndondomeko mwangwiro utsogoleri kuti amathandiza kutsogolera magawo awiri a boma Amachitanso ogwira - ndi ku Rome ndi Constantinople. Koma pambuyo m'malire akhala akulu kwambiri, ndipo boma yaikulu unagawidwa pawiri, zambiri anapatukana ndi njira kulamulira ndale, ndi mu zachipembedzo ndi moyo.

Udzalamulira monga mawonekedwe a ndale a boma Anapitiriza mu nthawi ya lomenyera kumadzulo kwa Ulaya monarchies. Bukuli lili pomanga Nawonso achichepere wa monarchies Mtheradi wa nyemba European.