The mfundo za PLO ndi ntchito

zambiri

OOP - ndi kalembedwe mapulogalamu amene anaonekera mu 80 a m'nthawi ya 20. Mosiyana ndi zinenero procedural pamene deta ndi malangizo processing awo kulibe payokha, mu chinthu wokonda mapulogalamu, nkhaniyi amaphatikizidwa mu gulu limodzi.

mfundo za PLO

Mu mapulogalamu chinthu-mapulogalamu ali postulates yake. OOP mfundo - ndi malingaliro waukulu. Pali zinthu zitatu zofunika kwambiri kwa iwo: cholowa polymorphism ndi encapsulation. Pansipa lililonse kudzaunikidwa mwatsatanetsatane. Chikhazikitso mapulogalamu m'zinenero OOP ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu ndi makalasi. Mu kusintha kwa kalembedwe procedural kulemba gwero code ku sakugwirizana wokonda zambiri amavutika Komabe, kutukula kwambiri mudzapeza zambiri ubwino mu PLO.

encapsulation

Encapsulation - ndi ntchito deta maphatikizidwe ndi malangizo processing awo mu gulu limodzi - kalasi. Pa nthawi ya mapulogalamu kulemba imodzi m'zinenero OOP pali kusiyana pakati pa mfundo mkati ndi kunja Chikhaliro cha. Choncho kukwaniritsa deta chitetezo ndi njira kukhazikitsa awo ndi zinthu kunja, mwachitsanzo, makalasi zina zimene sizikugwirizana ndi chinthu ichi. Mkati akamanena za deta ndi bwino kucheza ndi mnzake, koma ndiotetezedwa ku mwayi wosaloleka kuchokera kunja.

cholowa

Mfundo yachiwiri OOP - cholowa - ndi luso la ntchito njira kalasi wina popanda kubwereza kukhazikitsa yawo. Madalitso kumatha redundancy pa malamulo gwero.

polymorphism

Wina mfundo ya OOP - Polymorphism. ntchito zake zikutanthauza kuti zikugwira zinthu amakhala osiyana cha kapangidwe angalenge ndi mawonekedwe aliwonse amene amamuthandiza mosiyana zochitika ndi pa nthawi yomweyo yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito.

zinenero OOP

mfundo OOP ntchito m'zinenero ofala kwambiri mapulogalamu monga C ++ ndi Java, kumene mbali yofunika kwambiri mapulogalamu ndi ntchito. Palinso zochepa ntchito OOP zinenero - ndi Delphi, chinthu Pascal, Ruby ndi ena ambiri.

PLO kutsutsa

Ngakhale mfundo zambiri zabwino kwa njira imeneyi, nthawi zambiri OOP mfundo ongoyendayenda ndi kudzudzulidwa. Mofanana ndi procedural mapulogalamu mu OOP ali ndi zovuta zake.

Choyamba, kuchulukitsa kwa kusintha lapansi. Kumvetsa mfundo OOP, pamafunika nthawi yambiri, anthu ambiri akamagwira ntchito yekha ndi zinenero procedural mapulogalamu.

Chachiwiri, kusowa kwa mapepala n'kovuta kwambiri chifukwa muyenera osati pofotokoza makalasi ndi zinthu, komanso nthawi yeniyeni awo kukhazikitsa.

Chachitatu, amaika kusinthasintha njira kungachititse chakuti malamulo gwero ndi mapulogalamu anayamba adzakhala mantha sinadzatengedwe ndi achibale mu nkhani iyi, ndi mbali ndi mphamvu. Komanso onani inefficiency mawu a Kugawilidwa kwanthaka kukumbukira. Komabe, mosasamala kanthu za chiwerengero cha maganizo a ozungulira mapulogalamu OOP kukula nthawi zonse ndipo mofulumira ikusintha zilankhulo okha.