Hla kalembedwe

Kufunika kwa mavuto monga padera ndi osabereka, tsopano kunadetsa kukula. Kusokonezeka kwa ntchito kwa Ziwalo zoberekera za kachitidwe maliseche aamuna ndi aakazi kuyambitsa limati ofanana.

Zina mwa zifukwa ndi kupereka zonse vuto lobadwa ndipo anapeza (matenda, matenda a ntchito endocrine, immunological mavuto). Anapeza zinthu pathological zambiri kuyankha chithandizo, zomwe si titadziwa (majini) kusintha.

Panopa mofulumira osauka njira ya mu m'galasi umuna, koma njira iyi si nthawi zonse bwino ndipo kawirikawiri kubala mukufuna.

Masiku ano, asayansi kuona kuti ambiri mwa zolephera mu umuna m'galasi ndi HLA-chikufanana. HLA-zosagwirizana machitidwe akazi kumabweretsa gestosis woyembekezera, vuto lobadwa, mimba mowiriza ndi osabereka akazi enieni.

HLA-dongosolo kanthu kena kuposa antigens histocompatibility kuti ali ndi udindo kuzindikira thupi la munthu ndipo zimakhala yake ndi maselo yachilendo.

Ngati kumene wapezeka kuphwanya zikuchokera antigenic maselo anthu, limagwirira ndi kumayambika chiwonongeko cha m'thupi (ayankhe mthupi). Kuti antigens akunja opangidwa ndi chitetezo lolingana, amene kuchotsa "nkhondo" maselo.

Ena HLA-wolemba pulogalamu jini kuphatikiza chimodzi khromozomu

Aliyense wa chibadwa ali ma zosiyanasiyana (alleles).

HLA-kalembedwe zachitika kudziwa dongosolo histocompatibility. Ndi chizindikiritso cha alleles (mitundu) ndipo ndi chifukwa cha kalembedwe.

antigens onse akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu ziwiri zazikulu. Woyamba lili pamwamba antigens maselo, wachiwiri - antigens pano padziko selo kuti nawo zochita immunological (apa ndi: B- ndi T-lymphocytes, macrophages, monocytes, maselo dendritic).

HLA-kalembedwe amachitidwa pa umboni wa akazi. Ena mwa iwo:

- padera,

- osabereka ndi zinthu zina pathological kugwirizana ndi mkhutu kubalana.

Mwachibadwa, mwana amalandira majini onse akuchikazi ndi makolo kudziwa zikuchokera chitetezo chawo.

Pathological ndi monga zikusiyana lakuthwa (kusiyana) chitetezo, ndi mawu kufanana awo. Mbali yoyamba, thupi la mayi wayamba kulimbana mlendo maselo mwana wosabadwayo, pamene lachiwiri - m'thupi la mayi alibe kuzindikira mimba yokha.

HLA-kalembedwe wa makolo imene m'kalasi yachiwiri ya antigens (immune udindo ntchito). Kuchita mpheto ichi matenda m'pofunika kuti mpanda magazi mtsempha wa wodwalayo. Kenako imachitika Kugawilidwa kwanthaka wa leukocytes seramu. HLA-mukulemba ntchito maselo oyera kwa kupanga za polymerase unyolo anachita.

Zikatero, pamene pali kufanana pakati phenotypes (kwa HLA), anakhala mayi Katemera mankhwala maganizo leukocytes mwamuna (bambo wa mwana). Komanso, immunotherapy ikuchitika ntchito immunoglobulin. Zonse mwa njira zimenezi kulola kuti yambitsa chitetezo cha mayi, ndi kuwalimbikitsa kuti lidzigwira ntchito yake.

Choncho, HLA-kulemba lero ikuchitika mwambo adziwe kuphwanya mu zimakhala histocompatibility mayi ndi mwana. The ntchito njira yodziwira walola osati kudziwa chifukwa cha padera ndi osabereka, koma kukonza ndi kugwiritsa wonse osiyanasiyana njira achire ndi luso kuchipatalako bwino zinthu izi pathological.