Version wa Ubuntu: mwachidule, mbali, maganizo ndi ndemanga. Kodi kudziwa Baibulo la Ubuntu?

Ubuntu zimatulutsa zimachitika miyezi sikisi iliyonse kuchokera Ltd - ndi mapulogalamu pachiyambi. Aliyense Baibulo latsopano "Ubuntu", kuwonjezera dzina pogwiritsa ntchito chaka ndi mwezi wa kumasulidwa ngati chiwerengero chake siriyo. Kumasulidwa loyamba la chipolopolo Mwachitsanzo, wotchedwa Ubuntu 4.10 ndi linatuluka pa October 20, 2004. Choncho, chiwerengero cha Mabaibulo m'tsogolomu provisional; ngati likuchita anachedwa mpaka miyezi ena (ngakhale zaka) ndi kulemekeza anakonza, nambala yogawa idzasintha mogwirizana.

Kodi mabuku?

Ubuntu Baibulo ndi kale sachoka mabuku GNOME (pafupi mwezi), zimene pamapeto, anapereka pafupifupi mwezi umodzi pambuyo Mabuku a X.Org. Chifukwa, aliyense "Ubuntu" nkhani kupereka Baibulo latsopano GNOME ndi X.

Aliyense kope chachinayi kutuluka mu kota lachiwiri la chaka ngakhale-akwanira, amachita ngati yogawa ndi thandizo yaitali. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zimatulutsa izi Os kusintha ndi kupeza zosintha kwa zaka zisanu ndi kukhala luso thandizo kuchokera Kusiyana Ltd. Zikuphatikizapo mabaibulo Ubuntu 6,06, 8,04, 10,04, 12,04, 14,04 ndi 16,04. Komabe, distributions amene anamasulidwa kuti "Ubuntu 12,04?" yekha amapereka kwa zaka zitatu zokha.

Mabaibulo ena chikalata pamaso 13,04 zambiri anakhalabe kwa miyezi 18, ndipo samasankha akugwa tsiku pamaso lotsatira "kuleza kusewera" kugawa. Koma zinthu zinasintha, kuyambira Ubuntu13.04 - nthawi thandizo langokhala ndi theka, miyezi 9.

Zomwe Baibulo la Ubuntu ndi atsopano?

Pakali pano, atsopano amasulidwe Os izi Ubuntu 16,04 LTS Xenial Xerus. October 21, 2015 kutukula analengeza kuti Ubuntu 16.04 LTS adzatchedwa XenialXerus, kapena "wochezeka pansi gologolo." Izi chipolopolo kunja pa April 21 2016 ndipo pomwepo waife akatswiri. Kodi inu mumaona kuti?

Malo ofikira kompyuta akupitiriza kukhala yemweyo - Umodzi 7, ndi mwayi Sinthani kuti Baibulo 8 kumasulidwa anawonjezera thandizo kachitidwe cephalometric ndi ZFS-file, LXD-hypervisor (ntchito Seccomp) kwa OpenStack, komanso thandizo Snappy phukusi. Komanso, opaleshoni dongosolo amagwiritsa Systemd m'malo Upstart monga dongosolo initialization.

kumasulidwa umenewu unaloŵa m'malo mwa Ubuntu mapulogalamu Center ndi GNOME mapulogalamu mapulogalamu, komanso kuthetsa kuipa wapamwamba ISO. Motere pa zimene akatswiri Ubuntu mapulogalamu Center anali chida zoipa kwa nthawi yaitali kwambiri. Pomwe panopa ndasintha ndi "Ubuntu" aliyense wosuta.

Komanso Dziwani kuti Ubuntu 16,04 LTS siligwirizana ndi AMD chothandizira (fglrx) madalaivala kwa AMD / ATI zithunzi makadi, ndipo m'malo akuonetsa pulogalamu ufulu amdgpu Radeon. Komabe, iwo sapereka zithunzi mulingo woyenera ntchito.

Kumasulidwa loyamba la Baibulo ili la Ubuntu - 16.04.1 - lidzakhala lilipo kwa onse ogwiritsa ndi July 21, 2016.

Kenako akuyembekezeka kutuluka kwa "Ubuntu"

April 21, 2016 analengeza kuti Ubuntu 16.10 adzatchedwa Yakkety Yak, ndipo Baibulo adzamasulidwa October 20, 2016. kumasulidwa amenewa akuphatikizapo Umodzi 7, koma adzadzipereka kusankha Baibulo 8, m'gulu ISO Baibulo kulola ogwiritsa kuthandauza zawo. Other analengeza patsogolo monga Baibulo latsopano pulogalamu Ubuntu mapulogalamu, amene angakuthandizeni mofulumira downloads, bwino kuthandiza mzere unsembe lamulo (yekha ntchito popanda GUI a), kuthandiza kuika zilembo ndi matumizidwe ophatikizika amawu, nyimbo ndi zithunzi codecs, komanso bwino Kukwezeleza ntchito analipira.

Kodi ndikudziwa Ubuntu Baibulo pa chipangizo chanu?

Nthawi zina owerenga kuiwala zomwe Baibulo la Ubuntu kuthamanga pa chipangizo awo. Kuti tipeze sipatenga kwambiri. Nida adzakhala anafotokoza mmene tingachitire zimenezi kuchokera pa mzere lamulo ndi mawonekedwe mawonekedwe wosuta.

Chongani buku la "Ubuntu" kuchokera osachiritsika a

njira imeneyi kaya Baibulo zomwe kwa Os ndi zimene kompyuta chilengedwe inu ntchito Ubuntu Linux. Russian Baibulo ndi cheke chimodzimodzi.

Choyamba, kutsegula osachiritsika. Ngati inu ntchito Mgwirizano kapena zina mawonekedwe mawonekedwe wosuta, mukhoza kupeza ntchito yotchedwa Pokwelera mu LaunchPad.

Mukakhala kutsegula lamulo mwamsanga, pali lamulo losavuta kuti mungagwiritse ntchito kupeza Baibulo lanu la "Ubuntu" lamulo .This chiri motere: lsb_release kutanthauza.

Pambuyo pake, mzere adzasonyeza zokhudza dongosolo wanu opaleshoni, kuphatikizapo chipinda kugawa.

Poona buku la Ubuntu ndi Umodzi

Ngati mumamwa Umodzi, ntchitoyi ndi wosalira kwambiri. Kuyamba, kupita "Sankhani System" kuchokera kompyuta, limene lili menyu chachikulu cha Mgwirizano. Mukhozanso kupita ku "System Zikhazikiko" mu LaunchPad Umodzi, ngati mosavuta kwa inu. Kodi kufufuza Baibulo Ubuntu mwanjira imeneyi?

Zokonda System menyu ndi njira imathandiza kuti ntchito zambiri za mzere lamulo mwachindunji ku GUI lapansi. Powonjezera owerenga kwabasi zosintha, kusintha nthawi, ndi zina zotero - zikhoza zonse zichitike ku menyu. Dinani pa "More" tsamba ili pansi "Sankhani System."

Kotero inu adzasonyeza mfundo zonse za buku la "Ubuntu" mumamwa. Ichi ndi malo aakulu osati onani nkhani chiwerengero cha machitidwe opaleshoni, komanso kuti mudziwe mmene kukumbukira ndi zingati zilipo pa chipangizo, kodi CPU mtundu wanu (CPU) ndi GPU (zithunzi), komanso munkalowa wa litayamba mwakhama.

Komabe, ngati mukufuna chiwerengero chonse cha Baibulo lanu Linux Ubuntu (mwachitsanzo, «14.04.3 LTS», osati «14,04 LTS»), muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira lamulo mzere tafotokozazi. The mawonekedwe mawonekedwe sindingathe kukuthandizani inu.

Kodi kusintha kwa "Ubuntu" kuti Baibulo lotsatira

Anthu ambiri chidwi kuti zipangizo awo kusinthidwa ndi zogwirizana lino tsiku Os. Kodi Mokweza buku la Ubuntu?

Choyamba muyenera kukumbukira kuti Mokweza chilichonse chogwirizana ndi lalikulu opaleshoni dongosolo zimatulutsa, amanyamula chiopsezo kulephera, imfa deta kapena kulemala mapulogalamu kasinthidwe. Integrated kubwerera ndi kuyezetsa zochuluka kwambiri analimbikitsa Mulimonsemo, ngakhale ndinu wosuta patsogolo.

Pansipa phunziro anapatsidwa amaganiza kuti chipangizo wanu kuthamanga Ubuntu 15,10, kukhazikitsidwa ndi Sudo-mwayi kwa ntchito zaboma.

Pamene kachitidwe ambiri akhoza kusinthidwa yomweyo popanda vuto, njira otetezeka adzakhala kupita Nsapato file, Baibulo latsopanoli, kukhazikitsa kuchokera zikande ndi sintha kutumikira ndi kuyezetsa kusamala ndi matanthauzo deta ntchito mogwirizana osiyana.

Kodi mukufuna kudziwa pamaso kukulitsa?

Kumbukirani kuti malaibulale, zilankhulo ndi ntchito dongosolo akhoza kusintha kwambiri. Mu Ubuntu 16,04 kusintha zofunika poyerekeza ndi m'mbuyomu LTS kumasulidwa, monga kusintha kwa initialization m'malo Upstart Systemd dongosolo, komanso kutsindika pa kuthandiza Python 3 ndi 7 m'malo Php Php 5.

Akuyendera kuti Mokweza yaikulu mu dongosolo lililonse, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti asataye deta ngati pomwe amapita cholakwika. Njira yabwino kukwaniritsa cholinga ichi - kupanga kubwerera kwa dongosolo lonse file. Ntchito Intaneti Ocean Droplet, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito njira yosavuta - zimitsani dongosolo likhale kuyang'ana.

Musanayambe zosinthika kumasulidwa, chinthu chabwino ndi kukhazikitsa atsopano mabaibulo phukusi zonse Baibulo panopa. Yambani ndi mndandanda wa mapaketi utumiki: Sudo pomwe oyenera-Pezani.

Inu idzaonetsedwa mndandanda wa zosintha kuti mukhoza kupanga. Sankhani "Inde" ndi dinani Enter. ndondomeko izi zingatenge nthawi zina. Akamaliza ake, ntchito Dist-Kusintha Mokweza, amene adzachita zosintha zokhudzana kasinthidwe kusintha, Kuwonjezera kapena kuchotsa phukusi latsopano akamavutika. mafunso onse dongosolo anayankha "inde" ndipo dikirani kuti ndondomeko kumaliza.

Tsopano muli zosintha yatsopano Ubuntu 15,10, mukhoza m'malo Os pa versiyu16.04. Download chida kuti "Ubuntu" zosintha. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kuthamanga lamulo zotsatirazi: sudo oyenera-Pezani pomwe.

Pachikhalidwe Debian zimatulutsa anapatsidwa kuthekera ukugwirizana ndi kusintha /etc/apt/sources.list oyenera, amene amasonyeza phukusi repositories. Ubuntu akadali ntchito pa mfundo za Debian, kotero ndondomeko mosakayika amagwirabe ntchito popanda vuto. M'malo mwake, komabe zofunika kugwiritsa ntchito chida operekedwa ndi "Ubuntu" ntchito, zomwe njira macheke onse Baibulo latsopanoli amapereka pomwe pa sources.list, ndipo amagwiranso ntchito zina. Ndi bwino mwalamulo njira kusintha pa makina kuphedwa pa kulumikiza akumidzi.

Yambani akuthamanga pomwe popanda mungachite chilichonse; sudo oyenera-kupeza dist-Mokweza.

Ngati olumikiza dongosolo kudzera SSH (zambiri, muli Intaneti Ocean Droplet), mwapemphedwa ngati mukufuna kupitiriza. Pa lamulo mwamsanga mtundu Y ndi dinani Enter kupitiriza.

Kenaka akhoza anachenjeza kuti kulowa galasi wapezeka. Pa dongosolo Intaneti Ocean, mukhoza bwinobwino kunyalanyaza chenjezo ili ndi kupitiriza Mokweza ngati galasi m'dera la 16,04 kwenikweni zilipo.

Inu kufunsa "Kodi mukufuna overwrite 'sources.list' file '? Ngati inu kusankha "Inde", padzakhala pomwe zonse za opaleshoni dongosolo. Ngati inu kusankha "Ayi" pomwe adzakhala zimafika.

Pambuyo pa mndandanda watsopano phukusi ndi dawunilodi ndi kuyesa kusintha, mudzakhala chinachititsa kuyamba pomwe. Press Y, ndiye kuti apitirize.

Chimaltenango

Khazikitsa ndi pomwe angathe kutenga maola angapo. Pambuyo pa Download ndondomeko sangathe zimafika.

Pambuyo phukusi latsopano amaliza unsembe wanu, anafunsa ngati mwakonzeka kuchotsa phukusi achikale. Pa lamulo mwamsanga popanda kasinthidwe wosuta, njirayi akhale otetezeka. Dinani "inde". Ngati inu zosinthika dongosolo lonse Pamlingo waukulu, mukhoza kulowa anthu d kukayendera mndandanda phukusi kuti adzachotsedwa.

Pomaliza, ngati zonse zitayenda bwino, mudzakhala kuuzidwa kuti pomwe uli wangwiro ndi kuyambiransoko chofunika. Lowani Y kupitiriza.

akamaliza

Kudikira kompyuta kuti jombo kachiwiri ndi reconnect. Pamene dongosolo nsapato, muyenera kuona uthenga kutsimikizira kuti mnzanuyo anasamukira ku Xenial Xerus Ubuntu (khola Baibulo ndi chithandizo).

Tsopano muyenera kukhazikitsa unsembe ntchito ya Ubuntu 16,04. Mwinamwake, muyenera kufufuza kusintha kasinthidwe ndi ntchito zinatumizidwa ntchito.