The mathamangidwe ndalama. Tanthauzo ndipo mawerengedwe a chizindikiro

ndi mathamangidwe ndalama ukufanizidwa ndi pafupipafupi avareji ntchito ndalama kwa ogulidwa katundu ndi ntchito yatsopano mu nthawi yeniyeni ya nthawi. Mu njira zambiri, chithunzi ichi zimadalira ntchito chuma yobweretsa ndalama zilipo. Pamene liwulo nthawi inayake imeneyi ndi mathamangidwe ndalama ankaimira chiwerengero.

mawerengedwe a anati chizindikiro chitsanzo yowona mosavuta zedi. Mwachitsanzo, tiyerekeze kuti chuma payekha ndalama okwanira mu rubles 500, ndipo kuli mabungwe awiri: mlimi ndi makaniko, onyamula chaka cha wotuluka zingapo ndi mzake. Choncho, mlimi amalipira makaniko 500 rubles kukonza thalakitala. Mawotchi mbewu afika 400 rubles, komanso amalipira mlimi $ 100 kuyang'anira ndi kudyetsa ziweto zawo. Choncho, phindu okwana wotuluka onse ndi 1000 rubles, ndipo aliyense ruble ankagwiritsa ntchito kawiri pa chaka. N'chifukwa chake mathamangidwe ndalama ndi wofanana ndi ziwiri pa chaka.

Zolowa ndalama zinali kuwonetseredwa akamanena za ndalama mu gulu lawo. Komanso chimakwirira kuwombola ndi kugawa ndondomeko. Voliyumu ndi zolowa dongosolo zimakhudza kupanga ndi mowa.

Choncho, ulimi yaitali ndondomeko, chimene chimafuna kuwonjezeka inventories, kwambiri kumawonjezera zolowa ndalama kugwirizana ndi kupeza amenewa. Ndi kutulutsa katundu mwamphamvu mkulu ntchito, kuwonjezera otaya ndalama ndi kulipira ndipo monga Motero - kuchuluka kwa chuma cha anthu, amene analamulanso kuti mowa.

Mmodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za chizindikiro ichi ndi wotuluka malipiro zimene ndalama ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira malipiro kulipira udindo. makope Izi angathe kuchitidwa mu ndalama ndi cashless mitundu.

Mwachidule, tinganene kuti ndalama ayenera kuyenda zonse pakati pa zisudzo zachuma: mabungwe mabungwe ndi anthu. Ndi gulu lawo m'njira zosiyanasiyana (ndalama ndi cashless) imagwiritsidwa mathamangidwe ndalama.

Wandale matupi akuoneka monga kulamulira, akuluakulu zachuma ndi Bank National. Magombe malonda akhoza kutenga nawo mbali pa kufalitsidwa ndalama monga mabungwe alamulo.

Kumasulidwa ndalama kupezeka ndipamene chakudya chimene chingakhale chachikulu, yotengekatengeka ndi banki chapakati, ndi sekondale (kumasulidwa gawo ndalama mabanki malonda).

Njira ina kubwezeretsanso ndalama kupezeka ndi njira yabwino kutsatira bajeti ngongole, ozikidwa yekha pa kaikidwe ka ngongole za boma mu sheya msika.

Ndi kugulitsa masheya amenewa adzakhala kunena ngongole ya ndalama ku mabungwe a zachuma ndiponso kuwakonzekeretsa ngati ngongole boma. Pogula nsinga boma banki chapakati mwachindunji kumawonjezera makope ndalama ndi ndipamene maziko a issuance wotsatira wa gawo nsembe ya malonda mabanki.

Monga zinasonyeza kuti issuers ndalama kungakhale mabanki malonda ndi zomwe madipoziti mawonekedwe, kupereka anthu kapena mabungwe malonda Kuyamikira. Pamene ngongole ndalama okwanira ikukula pa kubwerera kwa ngongole ya - yafupika. Nthawi zimene munthu zotsatira za chilengedwe ndalama akhoza kukhala bwino ndi kugula banki malonda mu msika katundu wa masheya boma (yekha pa nkhani ya kumangidwa boma zikhoza kusinthidwa n'kukhala ndalama). Koma nkhani zina kumachitika pamene kugula ndalama zakunja ndi banki.