Soviet injiniya Grabin Basil Gavrilovic: yonena ndi chithunzi

Land wakhala wotchuka Russian amisiri zosiyanasiyana m'moyo wa munthu. Mmodzi wa akatswiriwa, amene anakulira m'banja losavuta, dzina Grabin Basil Gavrilovic. Tsoka la moyo ndi vicissitudes a mlengi lodziwika bwino ndi ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi.

kubadwa

Grabin Basil Gavrilovic, amene banja lake ankakhala bwino kwambiri, anabadwa mu dera Kuban, m'mudzi wotchedwa Staronizhesteblievskoy. Izo zinachitika pa December 29, 1899. Mtundu - Russian. Atate wa mlengi tsogolo anatumikira monga gunner mu zida zankhondo ndi amisiri ntchito. Banja anali ndi ana 10. Iye wachita Riveter, boilermaker, ntchito komweko, pa positi ofesi. Komanso, mavuto zina adaonjezeredwa makhalidwe m'deralo, chifukwa Kuban - Cossack chigawo, ndi Cossacks cholowa nthawi zonse miyambo yawo kuti si analimbikitsa ubwenzi wabwino ndi anthu ena m'deralo amene si mbadwa ya banja la asilikali. Moyo unali wovuta mawu chuma, choncho Basil Gavrilovic zaka 11 anakakamizidwa kuyamba ntchito yake.

Chikuonetseratu kuti asilikali

Mu July 1920 Grabin Basil Gavrilovic anadzipereka kwa Red Army. Iye analembedwa Krasnodar maphunziro lamulo mu dipatimenti ya zida zankhondo. M'kati mwa kuphunzitsa achinyamata msilikali anali membala wa battalion gulu ndi nkhondo White Alonda asilikali a Wrangel. Mu 1921 Grabin membala wa RCP (B).

Kupitiriza ntchito ya usilikali

Kamodzi mu 1921, maphunziro anamalizidwa, Basil Gavrilovic ananditumiza mwanyanja asilikali sukulu ndi zida zankhondo lolemera, amene anali chilili Petrograd. Kapitawo wa sukulu maphunziro mu 1923, kenako anam'tumiza mayunitsi a nkhondowo wa anthu ogwira ntchito ndi Alimi 'Red Army monga mtsogoleri wa zida zankhondo platoon. Ndikutumikira monga mkulu aya magawano.

Mu 1924 Grabin yoikidwiratu mkulu kumene zida zankhondo sukulu mu Leningrad. Chaka chotsatira, iye analembedwa Academy. Feliksa Dzerzhinskogo, amene anamaliza maphunziro kukhala akapitawo, ndi ogwira ntchito m'madi- zomangamanga. Maphunziro, ngwazi wathu unachitikira motsogoleredwa ndi asayansi amenewa otchuka monga Helvius, Rdultovsky, Durlyahov.

Mu 1930 Grabin Basil Gavrilovic bwinobwino maphunziro Academy ndipo analandira digiri ya zomangamanga, pamaso amachokera ku Maofesi a ogwira ntchito "Red Putilovets" ili Leningrad.

Mu 1931, ngwazi athu amakhala constructor amasinthira №2 mfuti kugwirizana kwa a nkhokwe ya Commissariat USSR Anthu a makampani dziko. Mu chaka chomwecho panali pophatikizana a bureaus ziwiri analengedwa wamba kapangidwe kucheza.

Mu 1932, injiniya Vasily Grabin amakhala woyamba Wachiwiri mutu wa State Design Office pansi nambala 38, ndilo - mmodzi yekha mu dziko - ndi chinkhoswe mu chitukuko ndi wamakono wa zida zankhondo ndi kachitidwe. Koma bungwe wakhalapo kwa nthawi yochepa kwambiri ndi kale mu 1933 anali lithe mwa dongosolo la mutu wa asilikali armament Tukhachevsky amene sankafuna otchedwa dinamoreaktivny mfuti recoilless anatchula kwambiri.

Pa helm ndi

Kumapeto kwa 1933 injiniya Grabin Basil Gavrilovic anatumiza ku fakitale kwa kupanga zida zankhondo mumzinda wa Gorky, kumene anakhala mtsogoleri wa kulengedwa amasinthira wa kampani. Izo ziri pansi pa lamulo okhwima Grabin ambiri zosiyanasiyana zipangizo zinalengedwa kuti ali mwamtheradi ayi wolephera anzawo Western. Kodi kupeza olemba mbiri ndi akatswiri mu mikono yekha malangizo zida luso, imene Soviet Union wakhala kuposa Germany, zinali zida zankhondo.

Basil Gavrilovic anali munthu woyamba padziko lapansi amene anatha kuphatikiza chitukuko, kapangidwe ndi kupanga mfuti latsopano, lomwe n'zotheka mu nthawi yochepa kuti adziwe chilengedwe cha zida zatsopano kwa mayunitsi asilikali.

mbali chosiyana

Grabin Basil Gavrilovic, amene yonena ali m'nkhani ino, anapita mpaka mu mbiri komanso kuyamika chakuti anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito kugwirizana mayunitsi zonse ndi mbali ya mfuti, kuchepetsa chiwerengero pazipita iwo, kuti atchule mfundo mphamvu ofanana. Onse pamodzi n'zotheka kuchepetsa kutalika kwa nthawi zida zankhondo mapulani mankhwala ndi miyezi 30 3. Komanso kwambiri yafupika mtengo wa zipangizo ndi kuŵeta kunapangitsa kuti kukana kumangotsatira lopondereza wa nthawi yonse Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo.

August 1, 1940 injiniya anapatsidwa udindo wa akuluakulu ambiri ankhondo luso la USSR, ndi November 20, 1942 - ankalimbikitsa kwa msilikali wamkulu.

Activities pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World

M'dzinja 1942 Grabin Basil Gavrilovic anatsogolera ku Central zida zankhondo Design Bureau, lomwe lili pafupi Moscow pasiteshoni ya sitima "Podlipki". Pa gulu la dziko utsogoleri ali ndi udindo kwa chilengedwe cha ntchito yatsopano mu mfuti zida zankhondo kumunda. Anthu mfuti 140.000 omwe ntchito ndi makolo athu pa nkhondo ndi Nazi oposa 90 000 anachita kulengedwa kumalo a ntchito, zimene zinachititsa mlengi mkulu Grabin. Pankhaniyi, ndi zina 30 000 makope apangidwa pa ntchito, wolemba umene unali injiniya wotchuka.

Moyo mumtendere

Mu 1946 Grabin anamuika mutu wa Institute of zida zankhondo Research Central. Ndipo mu 1955, cholinga wofuna choikidwacho pamaso bungwe ichi - kulenga riyakitala nyukiliya. Chifukwa cha ichi, Basil Gavrilovic kale mu udindo wa mutu wa dipatimenti ndi kuyesera njira iliyonse kuteteza ndi ntchito za zida zankhondo malangizo. Motero, mu 1956 Unduna wa chitetezo wa USSR, anaganiza pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Institute Research chapakati pa nambala 58. Ndizosachita kunena kuti Grabin anakhala wamkulu wake wamkulu. Molamulidwa atagwira machitidwe mfuti chitukuko cha mwatsatanetsatane kopita monga "pansi pa nthaka" ndi "nthaka ndi mpweya".

ntchito likamalowa

Chilimwe cha 1959, CRI 58 imatsala KB Korolev. Choncho anawonongedwa miyala zofunika kwambiri zolembedwa ndi zitsanzo za zida zambiri zomwe zili mwa buku limodzi. Izi zinachitika chifukwa chakuti mutu wa Nikita Khrushchev, dziko walunjika kulimbitsa asilikali mzinga wa Union, ndi zida zankhondo iye ankaona chidina zakale. Grabin monga membala wa Gulu Advisory kwa Utumiki wa silikhali, ndipo mu 1960 anatsanzika.

njira zophunzitsira

Mofanana 1960 Grabin Basil Gavrilovic, chithunzi lopatsidwa pansipa, anali mtsogoleri wa MVTU dipatimenti. Bauman. Pa nthawi yomweyo iye lectured pa zida zankhondo ndipo analenga wachinyamata Maofesi kwa ophunzira a pa yunivesite.

Dziwani kuti Mlengi lodziwika bwino za mfuti anali dokotala ndipo anagwira mutu wa pulofesa. Analinso kawiri ku Supreme Soviet la USSR. Ndinali mphoto:

• Anayi Order la Lenin.
• Order ya October kuukira boma.
• Dongosolo la Red Chabwino.
• Dongosolo la Suvorov madigiri awiri.
• Zinayi nthawi wopambana wa Stalin Prize.

Komanso, Iye analemba buku lotchedwa "Kupambana Chida", limene linatuluka mu Baibulo zonse yekha kumapeto 1980. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, buku sanali lofalitsidwa kwa nthawi yaitali kokha chifukwa Basil Gavrilovic pamene moyo unali kunja kwa mtima pa mbali ya commissar ya anthu zankhondo Ustinov, amene sanali yoyendetsa luso ndi ufulu kulankhula ndi mtsogoleri chachikulu cha dziko linali pansi protectorate wake. zothandizira mipingo yawo Stalin wa mlengi chaperekedwa kuti yotsirizira anatha athandize maganizo ndi mfundo zawo, ndipo nthawi zonse amakana kumbuyo udindo wake pa zokambirana za nkhani zofunika anthu.

Grabin Basil Gavrilovic amene ana sanapite mapazi ake, anakwatiwa kawiri ndi mkazi wake wachiwiri anakhala zaka 32.

Aluso mlengi anamwalira pa April 18, 1980 mu Moscow. thupi lake chidaperekedwa kwa dziko lapansi Novodevichy manda. manda ili pa malo pa No. 9.