Silage: sayansi ya yosungirako ndi malamulo

Ziweto minda ankagwiritsa ntchito luso silage ndi haylage. Iwo amati kukhazikitsa ntchito wilting zomera, kenako kudyetsa workpiece akulowa m'chipinda chotetezeka womata. Ntchito silage apamwamba kukolola zimathandiza kupereka ng'ombe kudyetsa ndi ndalama kochepa. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ena mwa njira yokonza kulemera mankhwala n'zotheka kuti ntchito chotsirizidwa mu mawonekedwe a analinso youma, amene atsegula mwayi kwa mechanization za ndondomeko kudya. N'zoonekeratu preform luso nsipu ndi silage akhoza kwambiri bwino ndi dzuwa la ulimi. Chinthu chachikulu - ufulu kukhazikitsa njira kuchita.

silage ndi chiyani?

Silage angaonedwe m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Kuyambira mfundo zinchito maganizo, ndi chakudya kwa ziweto, ndipo ngati tikambirana nkhani poganizira chiyambi chake, m'pofunika kulankhula za kuchotsedwa kwa khwimbi la zomera za mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Wilted silage nthawi ankaona kuti chakudya kukolola ndi luso lapadera mbewu monga chimanga ndi nyemba. chapadera kwambiri popanga zinthu ali njira yosungirako. Mwa zinthu kwambiri kwa kukhazikitsa kukolola ili gawo zikutanthauza okwana kusowa kupeza mlengalenga. Monga sayansi, chenjezo ili zipangitsa tsogolo chakudya chofunikira michere m'munsi. Komano, Nsipu kukolola zinthu sizingakhale amathandiza kuti chitukuko cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kukonzekera zomera silage

Kukolola akulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito osati zomera legume udzu, komanso nyemba clover. Mkhalidwe legume silage akhoza zopezera pokhapokha ngati beveling ndi imagwiridwa mu sitepe ikuphukira. Ngati tikulankhula za udzu, gawo mulingo woyenera msonkhano adzakhala kutuluka chubu. Kuphwanya mfundo za chiyambi cha zomera bevel bwanji khalidwe la chakudya, makamaka udzu.

Ndikutchetcha mu gawo vegetative chitukuko kumathandiza kupatsa lonyowa phala mapuloteni. Pamene preform silage ndi udzu kuti pasadakhale, kuyambira nthawi kuchita kudula sayenera upambana masiku 10. A mlingo mkulu kuyeretsa chifukwa chakuti kuyanika nkhani mbewu kumunda ndi zosavomerezeka chifukwa imfa ya katundu zothandiza zakuthupi. Komanso pa udzu kukolola makina awonetsetse pachilichonse chakudya wilting.

Khama la zomera chinyezi

Chikadzangotha zosonkhanitsira, ndikofunika kudziwa mnyontho cha kukolola misa akalozera. Pamene zili madzi a zitsamba oposa 60% yosungirako zina zidzachitika mu mtundu silage. Ngati mlingo chinyezi yafupika 40%, ndiye pangakhale imfa ya zinthu zofunika chakudya. Pamene chiŵerengero ndi pansipa 20% kuchepa ndende ya carotene. Pachifukwa ichi m'pofunika mosamala kuyan'ana zopangira chinyezi kanjedza. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, njira zosiyanasiyana ntchito. Makamaka, chakale njira silage ndi silage zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito chinyezi Chizhov. Komanso, mlingo chinyezi zingadziŵike njira mobwerezabwereza kulemera miyezo. Zochita chizindikiro uno umalamulidwa motere: chimango ndi gauze wokutidwa ndi makilogalamu 10 a zomera linakwiriridwa beveled kuti mapesi. Ngati Mgwirizano umalandira kulemera pafupifupi 6 makilogalamu, misa akuti ndi oyenera kumalongeza.

Bookmark Nsipu

Unyinji yomalizidwa yaikidwa mu ngalande ndi simenti losindikizidwa pogona Manga pulasitiki. Pamodzi m'mbali mwa chuma pakati pa makoma ndipo amawathandiza zomera zam'chitini pa akuya pafupifupi 50 cm. Komanso wosanjikiza 2-masentimita owazidwa quicklime, muyeso izi zimathandiza kuteteza chakudya ku makoswe m'tsogolo. Komanso silage mu filimu amapereka kuika wosanjikiza udzu kutalika kwa pafupifupi 25 cm. Komabe, njira imeneyi kuteteza amafuna kuti udzu ndikutchetcha zinachitikadi monga mkulu ngati n'kotheka. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti masikono kusankha angathe kuchitidwa ndi ndondomeko yomweyo monga mmene udzu sanali milled. Ndiko kuti, zagona udzu adzakhala ndi makhalidwe osiyana, koma ntchito zina compaction zimagwiridwa ndi katundu.

Kuchepetsa kusiyana mu magawo koyamba clover ndi udzu tikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera mlingo odulidwa-mu zina. chakuti makina silage pa siteji ya kudula zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito silage wowaza, amene mofanana kutumikira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya udzu. Kusamala kudula kutalika ulamuliro umathandiza munthu kuyala mu ngalande ndi milled misa.

Kuika filimu

Pambuyo mapangidwe zambiri za cholinga cha kusamala pa chisindikizo angakhoze kuikidwa wosanjikiza lina la udzu. Kenako, chivundikiro yomaliza ya osakaniza tikaumbike. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito denga kwa polymeric filimu. Pa nthawi yomweyo kuika chilolo ali osavomerezeka. Kumadera kumene ziyangoyango anapanga m'mbali, nthawi zambiri kusunga njira ya chitukuko nkhungu pa silage akuya masentimita 20 Mbali mafilimu., Ndi zofunika kukakamirana pamodzi mu nsalu, omwe akufanana ndi kukula kwa ngalande. A chuma pulasitiki zikhoza kuchepetsedwa pa m'mbali mwa kuwotcherera ofunda ndi polyvinyl optimally chikugwirizana ndi zomatira ndi. Komanso silage ndi pogona akhoza kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito zomatira tepi. Ndi bwino kupanga yazokonza pansi n'kupanga m'lifupi mwake osachepera 8cm. Atamaliza ntchito za pamwamba filimu yokutidwa ndi nthaka, peat ndi utuchi. Cholinga cha chivundikiro ichi pang'ono convergent ndi kuphimbira amateteza dziko ndi zomera kuzizira.

zinthu mulingo woyenera yosungirako

Ngati ntchito yaikulu pokonza zopangira kwa silage ndi kulamulira mnyontho udzu, ndiye pambuyo atagona ayenera kulabadira khalidwe la chisindikizo. Pa izi zimatengera mtundu wa chitetezo cha chuma ku kudzikonda kwanyengo. M'mawu ena, n'kofunika kuonetsetsa kutha wathunthu wa otaya mpweya kulemera mwayi haylage. Mpweya atagonjetsa mu ngalande anapanga, mwamsanga odzipereka ndi zomera. Chifukwa, misa wotaya zakudya, udzu kukolola m'tsogolo adzakhala sizithandiza. Kuteteza zachilengedwe zimawononga a Mtundu wenewu anapereka yokonza zikayamba amene mfumukazi ya mfundo za kugona zinthu filimu popanda matabwa. Akatswiri amapereka ndi kuchita ya miyeso kuthana ndi chitukuko cha tizilombo ting'onoting'ono. Makamaka ngati kuonjezera ambiri zigawo zikuluzikulu youma osakaniza, izi pang'onopang'ono ndi kubalana mabakiteriya putrefactive acid butyric. Njira kuthetsa amatha kuumba, monga ulamuliro, ndi kuchepetsedwa kuti tigwire kusindikiza ndi pogona haylage misa.

Njira silage recess

M'kati kupanga njira lili peculiarities yake. chakuti malo ladzala ndi kusunga chatsekedwa mpweya woipa ndi ena asafe. Pa nthawi ya depressurization wa osakaniza m'malo ndi mpweya, chifukwa mu chitukuko yogwira tizilombo zoipa. Pachifukwa chimenechi, n'kofunika ngati n'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito chakudya msanga, efficiently kuchita mphako. Ngati Nsipu kukolola chidachitika mu ngalande pambuyo kuchotsa chivundikiro uyenera kudula misa wosanjikiza kutalika ofukula za osachepera 50 cm., Ndipo yodula recess wotsatira anapanga njira kuti umphumphu wa wotsalawo mapangidwe si kusweka. Kutsatira lamulo limeneli si yovuta ngati opaleshoni imagwiridwa ntchito forklift grader.

NKHANI mpukutu wa udzu

Njira imeneyi amapereka ntchito silage kuteteza workpiece kulemera chipinda si mu ngalande, ndi mu ma CD wapadera. Koma izi zisanachitike anachita ndi kukanikiza mapangidwe masikono udzu. Childs, silage akusowekapo mu masikono anachita ntchito adani-tilters. zida izi, zomwe zimathandiza kuti kupotoza zigawo za nkhani zomera ndi kukhala ankafunila mawonekedwe ndi kugwilizana zofunika piping.

Bookmark nkhani ma CD zachitika pa malo osungira, pafupi ndi munda. Liwiro cholembera ikuchitika kulemera chidebe, wamkulu Mwina opatsa zomanga thupi, kuphatikizapo mapuloteni, shuga, carotene ndi zina zotero. D. Pamene preform amafuna silage luso phukusi, kupereka anatsekera zinthu ayenera kukhala cylindrical film, mwachitsanzo, agrostreych.

Ubwino wa udzu adagulung'undisa

Nthawi zambiri ubwino wa njira ndi chifukwa ndondomeko mkulu mechanization. Mulimonsemo, ntchito zamakono zimathandiza kuwonjezera liwiro mapangidwe masikono wa kusunga katundu phindu chakudya. Amalembedwa ndi ubwino wa filimu lenilenilo, limene masikono amakwiriridwa ndi kulemera azitsamba. Limatipatsa m'chipinda chotetezeka womata, adzatsekeredwa kutetezedwa ku chinyezi, mpweya ndi kunyezimira ultraviolet. Chifukwa cha silage mu phukusi limakupatsani kuonjezera zokolola ndiponso ziweto ulimi. Kuthetsa kufunika kogwiritsa ntchito kuikapo maganizo zina chakudya, mwachitsanzo, zimayambitsa kuwonjezeka zokolola mkaka.

Kuona khalidwe la silage

Mu ndondomeko ya zili mankhwala kukolola za misa ndi pamaso yomanga wochititsidwa ulamuliro organoleptic, amene amalola kudziwa makhalidwe khalidwe la silage m'tsogolo. Makamaka, akatswiri kulemba nkhani dongosolo, fungo ndi mtundu. Ngati bwino unkachitika kukolola silage luso, mtundu ndi azitona kapena chikasu wobiriwira. Koma fungo, ndi ayenera amafanana ndi wowawasa-kamapezeka m'mafuta zina zabwino. Unyinji sayenera topaka, ndipo ndi oslizlosti. Pankhaniyi, chikhoza kupulumutsa masamba lonse, makombo a zimayambira, mbewu ndi nyemba. Chofunika, mu silage sanali kuda panopa nkhungu mafangasi njira.

Pomaliza

Palokha, mfundo silage amachokera chilakolako cha alimi kupulumutsa chuma chakudya. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ntchito njira zamakono izi sizitanthauza ng'ombe khalidwe m'munsi chakudya mankhwala. Ndi pa kuteteza ndi kusamalira thanzi m'munsi chokwanira ndiponso kutsogoleredwa kukolola udzu ndi silage mu mawonekedwe chikhalidwe. Izi ntchito osati zofunika pa zili maziko komaliza kwa chakudya, komanso magawo yokonza misa udzu. Makamaka, pa siteji ya bevel ndi bwino bwino kukonzekera mfundo bookmarks kuti adziwe, mwa zina, ndi kanjedza chinyezi. ulamuliro Komanso wa kuteteza zinthu zothandiza kupereka kugwilizana ndi malamulo atanyamula nsipu ndi yomanga zina.