Shindand, Afghanistan: nkhondo, zithunzi

ndi mzinda wa Shindand ku Afghanistan chiyani? Kodi maudani akutsatiridwa? Pa mafunso amenewa ndi ena ife adzayankha m'nkhani ino. Shindand ndi tauni ndi chigawo pakati pa Shindand Province Gerant chilili Afghanistan dziko. Idamangidwa pa malo a mzinda aku Iran akale a Sabzevar.

mafotokozedwe

Lililonse nzika ya Afghanistan Shindand chikudziwika ngati mzinda wokongola. M'mphepete wakumpoto wa airfield anaikidwa lalikulu (boma ndi asilikali), ntchito mpweya zombo OKSVA pa Afghanstan nkhondo (1979-1989.). Today pa izo anaika American mpweya mphamvu, Afghanstan magulu odana Taliban ndi Chitaliyana yogwirizanitsa.

Yachitika mu Shindand (Afghanistan) akachita mu mphete msewu, ndilo ndisamalire akuluakulu aku Iran posachedwapa anaika mu malire (onse Western) ndi Iran, Afghanistan. Afghanstan Army amalimbikitsa ufulu zachipatala chipatala kupereka chithandizo anthu matauni. Mwachirengedwe, mzinda aikidwa m'mphepete mwa chigwa Zirka - mmodzi wa malo aakulu poppy kumadzulo Afghanistan.

Tikumbukenso kuti kungodalira zochepa la asilikali Soviet ku Afghanistan (OKSVA) - dzina lovomerezeka wa USSR onyamula Mphamvu magulu ili mpaka 1989 mu Republic of Afghanistan.

Mphamvu ndi njira

Kodi amadziwika Shindand (Afghanistan)? Amadziwika kuti m'chigawo Herat anaphatikizidwa zone za udindo wa 5 Moto alonda Division ( "PPD" mzinda: Shindand ndi Herat) OKSVA ndipo anali kufika malo okhazikika.

mphamvu Ground ndi njira magawano anali:

• 101st Moto mfuti Regiment (Herat);
• 12 Moto mfuti olondera (Herat);
• 371 TH Moto mfuti olondera (Shindand);
• 1060 TH zida zankhondo Regiment (Shindand);
• 650th Reconnaissance Battalion osiyana Prague Order Aleksandra Nevskogo (Shindand);
• 68th osiyana sapper-zomangamanga alonda Battalion (Shindand) ndi ena.

Nkhondo

Anthu ambiri amakonda kuganizira zithunzi Shindand (Afghanistan). Iwo amadziwa kuti nthawi kuchokera July 1980 kuti April 1984 m'chigawo cha Herat, mu zigawo za Shindand ndi Herat, mphamvu yapadera ntchito imachitika "kugwa" (wapadera mphamvu mayunitsi a KGB), "Karpaty-1", "Karpaty".

Zokambirana kwambiri ntchito ntchito ophatikizana manja kugwila ukrepzony "Kokarev-Sharshara" anadzazidwa lonse kutsogolo m'madera akumidzi lamapiri m'dera Iran-Afghanistan malire, ngati kumene kufunika zamtendere analimbitsa kalozera OKSVA pawiri.

Tikufika ndege ankafika mwatsatanetsatane kuukira njira m'madera phiri la m'zigawo za Herat ndipo anabweretsa mbali owonjezera ndi magulu OKSVA. Choncho, chifukwa ambiri ankhondo ndondomeko "Msampha" mu 1986, mu Herat chigawo, pa August 19-25 ankagwira:

• 149th Moto mfuti Regiment la Alonda ndi 201st Moto mfuti Division (Kunduz);
• 345-TH osiyana airborne parachuti Regiment (Bagram);
• 28 zida zankhondo Regiment zotakasika 40 Army (Shindand);
• wolondera malire Ottoman-bazarsky ksape.

Air Force

Monga asilikali amene ali m'dera la Shindand (Afghanistan), kumenyana? Amadziwika kuti zolinga kayendedwe, mogwirizana ndi asilikali dziko OKSVA mu kumenyana mu nkhondo nawo: nzeru, kuukira, womenya-yoponya mabomba ndege. Utsogoleri wa Air Force lomasuliridwa ndi mipherezero 40 Army m'gulu ntchito poukira mabomba (anatsalira).

Lamulo la 40 Army m'chigawo cha Herat ntchito mpweya mayunitsi mpweya:

• 17 osiyana Regiment ksapy (Chitekimeni SSR) - airbase Mariya, Regiment Akol N. Romaniuk;
• 302-TH osiyana ndege squadron - m'chigawo cha Herat, Shindand Air Base;
• 303rd osiyana ndege squadron - m'chigawo cha Herat, Herat mpweya m'munsi;
• 335th ndege Regiment osiyana - m'chigawo cha Nangarhar, Jalalabad Air Base;
• 378 TH Nkhondo Aviation Regiment osiyana - m'chigawo cha Parwan, Kandahar, Bagram, Kandahar;
• 50 tili Aviation Regiment osiyana wosanganiza Kabul ndege;
• 200th Aviation osiyana Kugwirira Squadron - Shindand osachiritsika;
• 154th Wankhondo-yoponya mabomba Regiment osiyana - Kandahar osachiritsika;
• 378 TH Aviation Regiment osiyana kumenya - Shindand airfield.

khomo la kumwamba

Inu mukudziwa, icho chinali Shindand airfield (Afghanistan)? Photos wa chinthu ndi anapereka m'munsimu. Ndipotu, osachiritsika ili pafupi Shindand, pamalo okwera mamita 1158 pamwamba pa nyanja. Iwo okonzeka ndi msewu wonyamukira ndege ya 2700 x 48 mamita Ine EIA-302 (osiyana ndege squadron - "Mi-8Mt", "Mi-24" kuti amagwira "MI-6") Zinthu kumadzulo Afghanistan.. Zone ya ayendetsa: m'lifupi - kuchokera Soviet yachilendo (Turagundi-Kushka) kwa kum'mwera gawo la mabwalo - chipululu Gerishka, Zaranj, Lashkar Gah (Loshkarevki) kenako, mu longitude - kuchokera Iran kuti iwonso phiri la Chaghcharan.

Mu 1986, December 22, zikuchokera kwa 302nd EIA motsogozedwa ndi msilikali wamkulu Shvetsova alowa m'malo mwa "Alexander wakuda mazana" ndipo anamaliza ntchito udindo wa "Wild Division Shvetsova" mu 1987, patsamba 23 October.

Today airbase ntchito thandizo yapakati-mitundu chitetezo mphamvu (ISAF). Pabwalo la ndege, I-838 ndi kufalitsidwa ndi aboma chenjezo gulu la United States Air Force. gulu mtsikanayu ISAF ndi NATO Training Mission ku Afghanistan.

Mu Shindand izo ndi phiko lachitatu la Afghanstan National Army Air Force.

Opaleshoni "Msampha"

Mu aliyense mzinda ntchito asilikali Shindand (Afghanistan) anali nawo? Amadziwika kuti mu 1986, pa August 18-26, magulu Soviet ku Afghanistan anagwira ntchito asilikali codenamed "Msampha." Zinali zikuluzikulu ophatikizana manja mpweya pansi msonkhano, umene unachitikira m'chigawo chakumadzulo kwa Herat. Cholinga cha kulera olowa ndi ntchito OKSVA mphamvu theka-boma la DRA ndi (ya unduna Internal, Ministry of State Security ndi BC DRA) anali kuwononga matupi kupereka mmene kukumana ndi mayunitsi membala wa Afghanstan chitsutso zida "United Western magulu 'odziwika bwino kumunda mkulu Ismail Khan.

The kanthu zinachitikadi mu zitatu mbali patsogolo pa chidwi phiri lowland mabacteria mu kumalire ndi Iran, dera lamapiri ndi County Sharshara akale Herat. Pa zigwa za choyamba ndi chachitatu magawo a uyende mbali pafupi Herat, kuchokera kwa anthu a m'dera magulu pa phiri kugonjetsa m'munsi m'dera "Kokarev-Shayshari" - yofunika mulendo ndi thandizo mfundo kumalire ndi Iran.

ntchito wakhala anazindikira kuti imodzi yopambana kwambiri ntchito ya zikuluzikulu ophatikizana-zida mbiri ya OKSVA Afghanstan nkhondo (1979-1989 gg.).

nkhondo

Mwa machitachita a "Western" ankagwira ndi mayunitsi OKSVA: 5 Moto oyenda alonda Division, yomwe ili m'chigawo cha Herat, ndi 149th Moto mfuti olondera (Kunduz) ndi 345th Airborne parachuti alonda osiyana (Bagram), chidwi mphamvu Air Force wa airbases Shindand, Kabul Bagram, Mary (Chitekimeni SSR) ndi Jelalabad. Ku dzuwa chinkhoswe DRA 17 oyenda Division, 5 oti muli nazo zida Brigade ndi ena.

Imfa ya kuukira ndege "Lamulungu 25"

Choncho, mukudziwa kale kuti Shindand Air Base (Afghanistan) mu maudani anatenga mbali. Cooperation ndi mphamvu pansi patsogolo asilikali anaukira ndege "Lamulungu 25" 378th oshap kuvula kuchokera airbase Shindand. kumenya Nkhondo zawo bomba anali umalimbana chiwonongeko cha mauthenga zomangamanga pa mzere moyandikana ndi Iran - m'dera la "Kokarev-Sharshara" m'munsi dera, ndipo yimitsira mfundo mdani mfuti.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, odana ndi ndege zipangizo zu-23-4 ndipo zosiyanasiyana MANPADS mdani kosalekeza anakweza ngati yankho umalimbana moto. Mu 1986, 23 August, British Blowpipe MANPADS (Mivi "nthaka ndi mpweya") ndi dziko porubezhnye Iran kunagwa kuukira "Lamulungu 25" 378th oshap, kutsogozedwa ndi Captain A. G. Smirnovym. Board panthawi ino ndi pa nkhondo mizere chachikulu ndi mwa madzi ndi.

The ndege anayamba sapota pa mayina kuyambira kuugwira ndipo kunatha. Woyendetsa anatha eject, iye anasamutsidwa ndi ndege ku malo ndegeyo.

pamlingo

Pamene ntchito ya usilikali mu chigawo Herat (1986, August 18), Regiment mkulu yoikidwiratu magulu kutsogolera. Kutsogolera anapita kwa cholinga amatanthauza nzeru ndi kudzikonda wotsogozedwa 24 more adalira, motsogozedwa ndi Hari Rud mtsinje bedi.

Cholinga cha lathyathyathya gawo la msonkhano zinali kupereka chitetezo ndi oti muli nazo zida mizati kusuntha galimoto pa njanji "Kushka - Herat - Kandahar", onyamula asilikali, katundu umunthu ndi wamba mu Helmand ndi Kandahar zigawo.

Kugwirira mabomba oyendetsa anafunika kuchotsa dera Herat adani ndi kuwononga Mujahideen zomangamanga. flights masabata angapo. Nditamaliza kunyamuka kwambiri kwa Kandahar ndi Shindand anapita zida komanso asilikali analowa Helicopters mpweya. Top anali kuoneka bwino, monga anali opaleshoni yaikulu kwambiri.

Kutsiliza 5-1 alonda. MSD ku kaboma ku Shindand - Herat - Turugundi - Kushka anayamba, malinga ndi dongosolo, January 29, 1989. Nazo kunja PP 371 SMEs, PP 101 SMEs. Linanena bungwe magawano inatha mu 1989, pa February 15. Mu malo okhazikika analamula wagawo anali mu Kushka.